Molecular characterization of tick-borne bacteria and protozoans in yaks (Bos grunniens), Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) and Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area, China

Toxoplasma gondii belongs to the Apicomplexan protozoa—an obligate intracellular parasite—causing toxoplasmosis that has a worldwide distribution and is very harmful to both human health and the livestock industry. However, the information on toxoplasmosis in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area (QTPA) and the seroprevalence of T. gondii in the food-borne animals in that area has been limited. Therefore, this study focused to T. gondii and toxoplasmosis to perform an indirect ELISA test based on recombinant TgSAG2 protein to establish a comprehensive record of the seroprevalence of T. gondii infections in a wide range of animals, including Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries), yaks (Bos grunniens), cows, chicken, pigs, and horses, in the QTPA. Overall, the seropositive rates of the specific-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies in all investigated animals were 44.1% (1179/2673) and 18.0% (469/2612), respectively. The 14.9% (389/2612) sera were determined to be both IgG and IgM positive samples, 30.2% (789/2673) were single-IgG seropositive, and a total of 80 in 2612 animals (3.0%) were single-IgM seropositive. Moreover, for the animal species, the pig was the most prevalent animal (90.2%, 304/337) for IgG positivity, followed by Tibetan sheep (50.7%, 460/907), chickens (45.8%, 229/500), yaks (21.1%, 140/663), cows (18.5%, 38/205) and horses (13.1%, 8/61), respectively. For the IgM antibody positivity, the pig was also the most prevalent animal (41.8%, 141/337), followed by Tibetan sheep (21.2%, 191/907), cows (15.1%, 31/205), chickens (12.4%, 62/500) and yaks (6.6%, 44/663), respectively. The significant differences in the prevalent distribution of T. gondii were found in the different altitudes. In conclusion, this study found the high seroprevalence for T. gondii infections among these animal species in the QTPA, and provides new data to facilitate further research for development of control measures against T. gondii infections in the surveyed locations.

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Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in cattle and sheep from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area (QTPA), northwestern China

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.12.001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 250 ◽

pp. 40-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Yingna Jian ◽

Xueyong Zhang ◽

Xiuping Li ◽

Gabriele Karanis ◽

Liqing Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Giardia Duodenalis ◽

Northwestern China ◽

Plateau Area ◽

Cattle And Sheep

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The First Case of Diarrhoea in Tibetan Sheep, Ovis aries, Caused by Balantidium coli in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Area, China

The Korean Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.3347/kjp.2018.56.6.603 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 603-607 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ying-Na Jian ◽

Ge-Ping Wang ◽

Xiu-Ping Li ◽

Xue-Yong Zhang ◽

Li-Qing Ma

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Ovis Aries ◽

Balantidium Coli ◽

First Case ◽

Plateau Area ◽

Tibetan Sheep

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Morphological and molecular characterization of a species of Tetratrichomonas present in feces of Brazilian sheep (Ovis aries) and goats (Capra hircus)

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-019-06466-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 119 (1) ◽

pp. 233-242

Author(s):

Caroline Cunha Carreiro ◽

Douglas McIntosh ◽

Daniele Juliano dos Santos ◽

Samara de Paula Lopes ◽

Vera Lúcia Teixeira de Jesus

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Ovis Aries ◽

Capra Hircus ◽

Morphological And Molecular Characterization

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Molecular characterization of vembur sheep (Ovis aries) of south India based on microsatellites

Indian Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.17485/ijst/2009/v2i11.9 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (11) ◽

pp. 55-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Pramod

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

South India ◽

Ovis Aries

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Phylogeography and Phylogenetic Evolution in Tibetan Sheep Based on MT-CYB Sequences

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10071177 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1177

Author(s):

Jianbin Liu ◽

Zengkui Lu ◽

Chao Yuan ◽

Fan Wang ◽

Bohui Yang

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Clustering Analysis ◽

Genetic Resource ◽

Population Studies ◽

Ovis Aries ◽

Base Pairs ◽

Branching Order ◽

Tibetan Sheep ◽

Phylogenetic Evolution

To date, molecular genetics and population studies in Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) have been limited, and little is known about the phylogenetic evolution and phylogeography of Tibetan sheep populations. The aim of the present research was to explore phylogeography and phylogenetic evolution of Tibetan sheep populations, on the basis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene MT-CYB (1140 base pairs). Our dataset consisted of 641 MT-CYB sequences from the same amount of animals belonging to 15 populations of Tibetan sheep living in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China. Haplotype and nucleotide diversities were 0.748 ± 0.010 and 0.003 ± 0.001, respectively. The analysis of phylogeography revealed the presence of two formerly described haplogroups in 15 populations of Tibetan sheep, however only one haplogroup was present in Awang sheep. Moreover, 641 Tibetan sheep were distributed into a minimum of two clusters by clustering analysis. The 15 Tibetan sheep populations and 19 reference populations of 878 individuals were separated into six main groups based on their substitutions per site, from which we constructed a phylogenetic tree. Minor differences in branching order of various taxa between trees acquired from either gene were observed. This study provides insights on the origins and phylogenetic evolution of populations residing in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, which will aid information of future conservation programs aimed at conserving this valuable genetic resource.

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Rumen bacterial diversity of Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) associated with different forage types on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/cjm-2019-0154 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (12) ◽

pp. 859-869 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiongxiong Cui ◽

Zhaofeng Wang ◽

Tianhai Yan ◽

Shenghua Chang ◽

Hong Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

High Throughput ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Diet Group ◽

Ovis Aries ◽

Bacterial Composition ◽

Rumen Microbiome ◽

Tibetan Sheep ◽

Native Pasture

Diet is the great determinant of bacterial composition in the rumen. However, little is known about the rumen bacterial community of Tibetan sheep living in the special ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) of China. In the present study, we used high-throughput sequencing to investigate the rumen bacterial community of Tibetan sheep associated with two primary diets: alpine pasture diet (a continuation of the sheep’s natural grazing diet) and oat (Avena sativa) hay diet on the QTP. The results showed that bacterial community richness and species diversity of the oat hay diet group were significantly greater than that of the native pasture diet group (p < 0.05). Principal co-ordinate analysis and analysis of similarities revealed that the bacterial community of the oat hay diet group was distinctly different from that of the native pasture diet group (p < 0.05). Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the predominant microbial phyla in the rumen. The rumen of oat-hay-fed sheep had higher proportions of Proteobacteria and novel bacteria species than the rumen of native-pasture-fed sheep. Actinobacteria, an uncommon bacterial phylum, occurred only in the oat-hay-fed group. At the genus level, Komagataeibacter, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214 showed significantly higher relative abundance in the oat-hay-fed sheep than in the native-pasture-fed sheep (p < 0.05). This study is the first of the QTP to employ high-throughput sequencing to examine the influence of diet on the rumen microbiome of Tibetan sheep.

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