scholarly journals Oat hay as winter feed improves digestibility, nitrogen balance and energy utilization of Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 103854
Author(s):  
Nadir Abdelraheem ◽  
Fuhou Li ◽  
Penghui Guo ◽  
Yi Sun ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Tibetan Sheep

scholarly journals Phylogeography and Phylogenetic Evolution in Tibetan Sheep Based on MT-CYB Sequences

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Jianbin Liu ◽  
Zengkui Lu ◽  
Chao Yuan ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Bohui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Branching Order ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Phylogenetic Evolution

To date, molecular genetics and population studies in Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) have been limited, and little is known about the phylogenetic evolution and phylogeography of Tibetan sheep populations. The aim of the present research was to explore phylogeography and phylogenetic evolution of Tibetan sheep populations, on the basis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene MT-CYB (1140 base pairs). Our dataset consisted of 641 MT-CYB sequences from the same amount of animals belonging to 15 populations of Tibetan sheep living in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China. Haplotype and nucleotide diversities were 0.748 ± 0.010 and 0.003 ± 0.001, respectively. The analysis of phylogeography revealed the presence of two formerly described haplogroups in 15 populations of Tibetan sheep, however only one haplogroup was present in Awang sheep. Moreover, 641 Tibetan sheep were distributed into a minimum of two clusters by clustering analysis. The 15 Tibetan sheep populations and 19 reference populations of 878 individuals were separated into six main groups based on their substitutions per site, from which we constructed a phylogenetic tree. Minor differences in branching order of various taxa between trees acquired from either gene were observed. This study provides insights on the origins and phylogenetic evolution of populations residing in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, which will aid information of future conservation programs aimed at conserving this valuable genetic resource.

Rumen bacterial diversity of Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) associated with different forage types on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 859-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongxiong Cui ◽  
Zhaofeng Wang ◽  
Tianhai Yan ◽  
Shenghua Chang ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Rumen Microbiome ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Native Pasture

Diet is the great determinant of bacterial composition in the rumen. However, little is known about the rumen bacterial community of Tibetan sheep living in the special ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) of China. In the present study, we used high-throughput sequencing to investigate the rumen bacterial community of Tibetan sheep associated with two primary diets: alpine pasture diet (a continuation of the sheep’s natural grazing diet) and oat (Avena sativa) hay diet on the QTP. The results showed that bacterial community richness and species diversity of the oat hay diet group were significantly greater than that of the native pasture diet group (p < 0.05). Principal co-ordinate analysis and analysis of similarities revealed that the bacterial community of the oat hay diet group was distinctly different from that of the native pasture diet group (p < 0.05). Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the predominant microbial phyla in the rumen. The rumen of oat-hay-fed sheep had higher proportions of Proteobacteria and novel bacteria species than the rumen of native-pasture-fed sheep. Actinobacteria, an uncommon bacterial phylum, occurred only in the oat-hay-fed group. At the genus level, Komagataeibacter, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214 showed significantly higher relative abundance in the oat-hay-fed sheep than in the native-pasture-fed sheep (p < 0.05). This study is the first of the QTP to employ high-throughput sequencing to examine the influence of diet on the rumen microbiome of Tibetan sheep.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in Animals in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area, China

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Guojing Li ◽  
Wangli Zheng ◽  
Jinfang Yang ◽  
Tongsheng Qi ◽  
Yongcai He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Plateau Area ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Wide Range

Toxoplasma gondii belongs to the Apicomplexan protozoa—an obligate intracellular parasite—causing toxoplasmosis that has a worldwide distribution and is very harmful to both human health and the livestock industry. However, the information on toxoplasmosis in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area (QTPA) and the seroprevalence of T. gondii in the food-borne animals in that area has been limited. Therefore, this study focused to T. gondii and toxoplasmosis to perform an indirect ELISA test based on recombinant TgSAG2 protein to establish a comprehensive record of the seroprevalence of T. gondii infections in a wide range of animals, including Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries), yaks (Bos grunniens), cows, chicken, pigs, and horses, in the QTPA. Overall, the seropositive rates of the specific-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies in all investigated animals were 44.1% (1179/2673) and 18.0% (469/2612), respectively. The 14.9% (389/2612) sera were determined to be both IgG and IgM positive samples, 30.2% (789/2673) were single-IgG seropositive, and a total of 80 in 2612 animals (3.0%) were single-IgM seropositive. Moreover, for the animal species, the pig was the most prevalent animal (90.2%, 304/337) for IgG positivity, followed by Tibetan sheep (50.7%, 460/907), chickens (45.8%, 229/500), yaks (21.1%, 140/663), cows (18.5%, 38/205) and horses (13.1%, 8/61), respectively. For the IgM antibody positivity, the pig was also the most prevalent animal (41.8%, 141/337), followed by Tibetan sheep (21.2%, 191/907), cows (15.1%, 31/205), chickens (12.4%, 62/500) and yaks (6.6%, 44/663), respectively. The significant differences in the prevalent distribution of T. gondii were found in the different altitudes. In conclusion, this study found the high seroprevalence for T. gondii infections among these animal species in the QTPA, and provides new data to facilitate further research for development of control measures against T. gondii infections in the surveyed locations.

scholarly journals The First Case of Diarrhoea in Tibetan Sheep, Ovis aries, Caused by Balantidium coli in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Area, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Na Jian ◽  
Ge-Ping Wang ◽  
Xiu-Ping Li ◽  
Xue-Yong Zhang ◽  
Li-Qing Ma
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Balantidium Coli ◽  
First Case ◽  
Plateau Area ◽  
Tibetan Sheep

scholarly journals Analysis of agouti signaling protein (ASIP) gene polymorphisms and association with coat color in Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries)

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1200-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Han ◽  
M. Yang ◽  
Y.J. Yue ◽  
T.T. Guo ◽  
J.B. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Signaling Protein ◽  
Tibetan Sheep

scholarly journals Rumen Fermentation—Microbiota—Host Gene Expression Interactions to Reveal the Adaptability of Tibetan Sheep in Different Periods

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3529
Author(s):  
Weibing Lv ◽  
Xiu Liu ◽  
Yuzhu Sha ◽  
Hao Shi ◽  
Hong Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Host Gene ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Host Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolism Pathway ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

As an important ruminant on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Tibetan sheep can maintain their population reproduction rate in the harsh high-altitude environment of low temperature and low oxygen, which relies on their special plateau adaptations mechanism that they have formed for a long time. Microbiomes (known as “second genomes”) are closely related to the nutrient absorption, adaptability, and health of the host. In this study, rumen fermentation characteristics, the microbiota, and rumen epithelial gene expression of Tibetan sheep in various months were analyzed. The results show that the rumen fermentation characteristics of Tibetan sheep differed in different months. The total SCFAs (short-chain fatty acids), acetate, propionate, and butyrate concentrations were highest in October and lowest in June. The CL (cellulase) activity was highest in February, while the ACX (acid xylanase) activity was highest in April. In addition, the diversity and abundance of rumen microbes differed in different months. Bacteroidetes (53.4%) and Firmicutes (27.4%) were the dominant phyla. Prevotella_1 and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group were the dominant genera. The abundance of Prevotella_1 was highest in June (27.8%) and lowest in December (17.8%). In addition, the expression of CLAUDIN4 (Claudin-4) and ZO1 (Zonula occludens 1) was significantly higher in April than in August and December, while the expression of SGLT1 (Sodium glucose linked transporter 1) was highest in August. Correlation analysis showed that there were interactions among rumen fermentation characteristics, the microbiota, and host gene expression, mainly by adjusting the amino acid metabolism pathway and energy metabolism pathway to improve energy utilization. At the same time, we adjusted the balance of the rumen “core microbiota” to promote the development of rumen and maintain the homeostasis of rumen environment, which makes Tibetan sheep better able to adapt to the harsh environment in different periods of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary concentrate to forage ratio on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacterial diversity of Tibetan sheep under barn feeding on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjin Liu ◽  
Tianwei xu ◽  
Shixiao Xu ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Xueping Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Bacteria Diversity ◽  
Tibetan Sheep

This study aimed to reaearch the effects of different dietary concentrate to forage (C:F) ratio on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacteria diversity of barn feeding Tibetan sheep. The experiment contains fiver treatments (HS1, HS2 HS3, HS4 and HS5; n=8, respectively) based on dietary C: F ratios 0:100, 15:85, 30:70, 45:55, and 60:40, respectively. The ruminal bacterial community structure was investigated through high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in V4 hypervariable region. The results showed that increases dietary concentrate feed level from 0% to 60% exerted a positive effect on DMI, BW gain, gain rate and feed conversation ratio (FCR) in Tibetan sheep. The increases dietary concentrate feed level increased NH3-N, propionate and valerate concentrations, whereas, reduced molar ratio of acetate to propionate (A/P ratio) (P<0.05). For rumen bacterial diversity, increases in dietary concentrate content contributed to lower alpha diversity indexes including Shannon wiener, Chao1 and observed species, meanwhile, significantly increased the abundances of the phylum Bacteroidetes and the genus Prevotella_1 (P<0.05). In conclusion, increases dietary concentrate content improved the growth performance and Tibetan sheep fed diets of 45% concentrate obtained a better performance; the inclusion of concentrate in feed changed rumen fermentation from acetate fermentation to propionate fermentation, and improved the energy utilization efficiency of Tibetan sheep; the increases in concentrate content significantly reduced rumen bacteria diversity and changed the abundance of some core bacteria.

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