scholarly journals Phylogeography and Phylogenetic Evolution in Tibetan Sheep Based on MT-CYB Sequences

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Jianbin Liu ◽  
Zengkui Lu ◽  
Chao Yuan ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Bohui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Branching Order ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Phylogenetic Evolution

To date, molecular genetics and population studies in Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) have been limited, and little is known about the phylogenetic evolution and phylogeography of Tibetan sheep populations. The aim of the present research was to explore phylogeography and phylogenetic evolution of Tibetan sheep populations, on the basis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene MT-CYB (1140 base pairs). Our dataset consisted of 641 MT-CYB sequences from the same amount of animals belonging to 15 populations of Tibetan sheep living in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China. Haplotype and nucleotide diversities were 0.748 ± 0.010 and 0.003 ± 0.001, respectively. The analysis of phylogeography revealed the presence of two formerly described haplogroups in 15 populations of Tibetan sheep, however only one haplogroup was present in Awang sheep. Moreover, 641 Tibetan sheep were distributed into a minimum of two clusters by clustering analysis. The 15 Tibetan sheep populations and 19 reference populations of 878 individuals were separated into six main groups based on their substitutions per site, from which we constructed a phylogenetic tree. Minor differences in branching order of various taxa between trees acquired from either gene were observed. This study provides insights on the origins and phylogenetic evolution of populations residing in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, which will aid information of future conservation programs aimed at conserving this valuable genetic resource.

Rumen bacterial diversity of Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) associated with different forage types on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 859-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongxiong Cui ◽  
Zhaofeng Wang ◽  
Tianhai Yan ◽  
Shenghua Chang ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Rumen Microbiome ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Native Pasture

Diet is the great determinant of bacterial composition in the rumen. However, little is known about the rumen bacterial community of Tibetan sheep living in the special ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) of China. In the present study, we used high-throughput sequencing to investigate the rumen bacterial community of Tibetan sheep associated with two primary diets: alpine pasture diet (a continuation of the sheep’s natural grazing diet) and oat (Avena sativa) hay diet on the QTP. The results showed that bacterial community richness and species diversity of the oat hay diet group were significantly greater than that of the native pasture diet group (p < 0.05). Principal co-ordinate analysis and analysis of similarities revealed that the bacterial community of the oat hay diet group was distinctly different from that of the native pasture diet group (p < 0.05). Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the predominant microbial phyla in the rumen. The rumen of oat-hay-fed sheep had higher proportions of Proteobacteria and novel bacteria species than the rumen of native-pasture-fed sheep. Actinobacteria, an uncommon bacterial phylum, occurred only in the oat-hay-fed group. At the genus level, Komagataeibacter, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214 showed significantly higher relative abundance in the oat-hay-fed sheep than in the native-pasture-fed sheep (p < 0.05). This study is the first of the QTP to employ high-throughput sequencing to examine the influence of diet on the rumen microbiome of Tibetan sheep.

scholarly journals Oat hay as winter feed improves digestibility, nitrogen balance and energy utilization of Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 103854
Author(s):  
Nadir Abdelraheem ◽  
Fuhou Li ◽  
Penghui Guo ◽  
Yi Sun ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Tibetan Sheep

Restriction Endonuclease Analysis of Salmonid Mitochondrial DNA

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1041-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Berg ◽  
Stephen D. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Endonuclease Analysis

We have analyzed the mitochondrial DNA from four species of the teleost subfamily Salmoninae using restriction endonucleases and found that the salmonid mitochondrial genome is slightly larger than that of the human, about 16 670 base pairs. Systematic analyses by both cladistic and phenetic methods suggest a closer phylogenetic relationship between Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and Salmo (Parasalmo) gairdneri than either has with Salmo (Salmo) trutta. Salvelinus fontinalis appears to be most distantly related of these four species. Applications of this molecular technique to a variety of genetic and population studies appear promising.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in Animals in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area, China

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Guojing Li ◽  
Wangli Zheng ◽  
Jinfang Yang ◽  
Tongsheng Qi ◽  
Yongcai He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Plateau Area ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Wide Range

Toxoplasma gondii belongs to the Apicomplexan protozoa—an obligate intracellular parasite—causing toxoplasmosis that has a worldwide distribution and is very harmful to both human health and the livestock industry. However, the information on toxoplasmosis in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area (QTPA) and the seroprevalence of T. gondii in the food-borne animals in that area has been limited. Therefore, this study focused to T. gondii and toxoplasmosis to perform an indirect ELISA test based on recombinant TgSAG2 protein to establish a comprehensive record of the seroprevalence of T. gondii infections in a wide range of animals, including Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries), yaks (Bos grunniens), cows, chicken, pigs, and horses, in the QTPA. Overall, the seropositive rates of the specific-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies in all investigated animals were 44.1% (1179/2673) and 18.0% (469/2612), respectively. The 14.9% (389/2612) sera were determined to be both IgG and IgM positive samples, 30.2% (789/2673) were single-IgG seropositive, and a total of 80 in 2612 animals (3.0%) were single-IgM seropositive. Moreover, for the animal species, the pig was the most prevalent animal (90.2%, 304/337) for IgG positivity, followed by Tibetan sheep (50.7%, 460/907), chickens (45.8%, 229/500), yaks (21.1%, 140/663), cows (18.5%, 38/205) and horses (13.1%, 8/61), respectively. For the IgM antibody positivity, the pig was also the most prevalent animal (41.8%, 141/337), followed by Tibetan sheep (21.2%, 191/907), cows (15.1%, 31/205), chickens (12.4%, 62/500) and yaks (6.6%, 44/663), respectively. The significant differences in the prevalent distribution of T. gondii were found in the different altitudes. In conclusion, this study found the high seroprevalence for T. gondii infections among these animal species in the QTPA, and provides new data to facilitate further research for development of control measures against T. gondii infections in the surveyed locations.

scholarly journals The First Case of Diarrhoea in Tibetan Sheep, Ovis aries, Caused by Balantidium coli in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Area, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Na Jian ◽  
Ge-Ping Wang ◽  
Xiu-Ping Li ◽  
Xue-Yong Zhang ◽  
Li-Qing Ma
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Balantidium Coli ◽  
First Case ◽  
Plateau Area ◽  
Tibetan Sheep

scholarly journals Genetic Diversities and Historical Dynamics of Native Ethiopian Horse Populations (Equus caballus) Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphisms

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Kefena Effa ◽  
Sonia Rosenbom ◽  
Jianlin Han ◽  
Tadelle Dessie ◽  
Albano Beja-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Feral Horses ◽  
Domestic Horses ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Diversity Estimates

Matrilineal genetic diversity and relationship were investigated among eight morphologically identified native Ethiopian horse populations using polymorphisms in 46 mtDNA D-loop sequences (454 base pairs). The horse populations identified were Abyssinian, Bale, Borana, Horro, Kafa, Kundido feral horses, Ogaden and Selale. Mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences were characterized by 15 variable sites that defined five different haplotypes. All genetic diversity estimates, including Reynolds’ linearized genetic distance, genetic differentiation (FST) and nucleotide sequence divergence (DA), revealed a low genetic differentiation in native Ethiopian horse populations. However, Kundido feral and Borana domestic horses were slightly diverged from the rest of the Ethiopian horse populations. We also tried to shed some light on the matrilineal genetic root of native Ethiopian horses from a network constructed by combining newly generated haplotypes and reference haplotypes deposited in the GenBank for Eurasian type Turkish Anatolian horses that were used as a genetic conduit between Eurasian and African horse populations. Ninety-two haplotypes were generated from the combined Ethio-Eurasian mtDNA D-loop sequences. A network reconstructed from the combined haplotypes using Median-Joining algorithm showed that haplotypes generated from native Ethiopian horses formed separate clusters. The present result encourages further investigation of the genetic origin of native African horses by retrieving additional mtDNA sequences deposited in the GenBank for African and Eurasian type horses.

scholarly journals Further evidence for paternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in the sheep (Ovis aries)

Heredity ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Zhao ◽  
N Li ◽  
W Guo ◽  
X Hu ◽  
Z Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Paternal Inheritance

scholarly journals BARCODING DNA IKAN HIAS LAHAN GAMBUT

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melta Rini Fahmi ◽  
Anjang Bangun Prasetio ◽  
Ruby Vidia Kusumah ◽  
Erma Primanita Hayuningtyas ◽  
Idil Ardi
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Oxidase Subunit ◽  
High Bootstrap ◽  
High Fish

Perairan gambut merupakan ekosistem unik yang memiliki kekayaan biodiversitas ikan, sebagian besar di antaranya memiliki potensi sebagai ikan hias. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melakukan identifikasi dan analisis keragaman genetik, karakter genetik, jarak genetik, dan pohon kekerabatan ikan-ikan yang mendiami perairan gambut Cagar Biosfere Bukit Batu Provinsi Riau. Tahap pertama penelitian ini adalah identifikasi secara morfologi terhadap 29 ikan hasil koleksi yang potensial sebagai ikan hias. Selanjutnya amplifikasi dan alignment 675 bp (base pair) dari 90 runutan parsial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ikan yang diidentifikasi dapat dikelompokkan menjadi enam famili, yaitu Balontidae terdiri atas tiga spesies (12,5%); Cyprinidae 13 spesies (54,17%); Cobitidae satu spesies (4,17%); Siluridae dua spesies (8,3%); Datnoidae satu spesies (4,17%); dan Bagridae empat spesies (16,67%). Beberapa spesies memiliki perbedaan genetik intraspesies lebih dari 3%. Analisis kekerabatan dan clustering ikan hias lahan gambut berdasarkan gen COI memiliki nilai bootstrap 87-99 per ulangan.Peat is a unique ecosystem which a high fish biodiversity, and most of them are potential as ornamental fish. This research was conducted to identify and analyze genetic diversity, genetic code, genetic distances, and phylogenies of the fish that inhabit in the Bukit Batu Biosfere Reserves, Riau Province. The first stage of this study was identification of 29 fish species that potential as ornamental fish by using morphological character. The further stages were amplification and alignment of 675 base pairs of 90 partial sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI). Results showed that the identification based on COI could be classified into six families. These Families were Balontidae, Cyprinidae, Cobitidae, Siluridae, Datnoidae, and Bagridae which consist of three species (12.5%), 13 species (54.17%), one species (4.17%), two species (8.3%), one species (4.17%), and four species (16.67%), respectively. Some clustered have intra-species genetic divergence more than 3%. Phylogenetic and clustering analysis showed all of the OTU (0perational Taxonomic Unit) has a high bootstrap permutation of 87-99.

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