Cerebrospinal fluid tau protein as a biomarker for severity of spinal cord injury in dogs with intervertebral disc herniation

2013 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Roerig ◽  
R. Carlson ◽  
A. Tipold ◽  
V.M. Stein
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Lewis ◽  
Nicolas Granger ◽  
Nick D. Jeffery ◽  

Some dogs do not make a full recovery following medical or surgical management of acute canine intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH), highlighting the limits of currently available treatment options. The multitude of difficulties in treating severe spinal cord injury are well-recognized, and they have spurred intense laboratory research, resulting in a broad range of strategies that might have value in treating spinal cord-injured dogs. These include interventions that aim to directly repair the spinal cord lesion, promote axonal sparing or regeneration, mitigate secondary injury through neuroprotective mechanisms, or facilitate functional compensation. Despite initial promise in experimental models, many of these techniques have failed or shown mild efficacy in clinical trials in humans and dogs, although high quality evidence is lacking for many of these interventions. However, the continued introduction of new options to the veterinary clinic remains important for expanding our understanding of the mechanisms of injury and repair and for development of novel and combined strategies for severely affected dogs. This review outlines adjunctive or emerging therapies that have been proposed as treatment options for dogs with acute IVDH, including discussion of local or lesion-based approaches as well as systemically applied treatments in both acute and subacute-to-chronic settings. These interventions include low-level laser therapy, electromagnetic fields or oscillating electrical fields, adjunctive surgical techniques (myelotomy or durotomy), systemically or locally-applied hypothermia, neuroprotective chemicals, physical rehabilitation, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, electroacupuncture, electrical stimulation of the spinal cord or specific peripheral nerves, nerve grafting strategies, 4-aminopyridine, chondroitinase ABC, and cell transplantation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (18) ◽  
pp. 1991-1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Olby ◽  
Emily Griffith ◽  
Jon Levine ◽  
Ronaldo da Costa ◽  
Joseph Fenn ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (05) ◽  
pp. 330-336
Author(s):  
Michael Fehr ◽  
Jasmin Neßler ◽  
Alexandra Schütter ◽  
Peter Dziallas ◽  
Viktor Molnár ◽  
...  

SummaryMagnetic resonance imaging revealed spinal cord compression due to intervertebral disc herniation of Hansen type I and II in the thoracolumbar vertebral column in two middle-aged coatis (Nasua nasua) with chronic progressive paraparesis. Surgical treatment included hemilaminectomy and partial corpectomy in one and dorsal laminectomy in the other coati. Both coatis recovered well after surgery. One showed unremarkable gait 6 and 15 months post surgery, while the other one suffered from recurrence of paraparesis leading to euthanasia because of deterioration of neurological signs 20 months after the first surgery. Necropsy revealed formation of a laminectomy membrane compressing the spinal cord. Histopathological signs of spinal cord injury and findings of degenerative processes in the intervertebral disc were comparable to those described in dogs. In conclusion, this case report shows for the first time that surgical intervention seems to be a useful and safe treatment in chronic intervertebral disc herniation in coatis, but relapses are possible.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William McCartney ◽  
Ciprian Andrei Ober ◽  
Maria Benito

Abstract Thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation is a common neurologic disease presented to the small-animal practitioner. The use of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) as an adjunct to surgical decompression in cases of acute spinal cord injury following intervertebral disc extrusion is controversial. A prospective study was undertaken to compare the preoperative use of MPSS and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in 40 chondrodystrophic dogs presenting with similar signs and undergoing spinal decompressive surgery. Twenty dogs received MPSS and 20 had NSAIDs administered preoperatively. Dogs were administered with either MPSS intravenously 20 minutes before surgery (30 mg/kg) or NSAID (meloxicam 0.2mg/kg or carprofen 4 mg/kg) subcutaneously 20 minutes before surgery. Dogs were evaluated by neurologic examination of gait 24 hours postoperatively, at time of discharge and then at 8 weeks. The neurological recovery were similar in both groups, but the frequency of side effects such as vomiting (MPSS group: 90% versus NSAIDs group: 55%), and anorexia within the first three days (present in all 20 dogs pretreated with MPSS) was significantly different, with complications being more prevalent in the MPSS group. Side effects were significantly more evident with MPSS treatment group –including vomiting and anorexia during the first 3 days after surgery– than with NSAID treatment group, with a neurological recovery similar in both groups.


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