Neglected infectious diseases in Aboriginal communities: Haemophilus influenzae serotype a and Helicobacter pylori

Vaccine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (49) ◽  
pp. 6960-6966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Ulanova ◽  
Raymond Tsang ◽  
Eleonora Altman
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Serotype A

scholarly journals Surveillance for Rare Infectious Diseases: is one passive data source enough for Haemophilus influenzae?

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Milde-Busch ◽  
H. Kalies ◽  
S. Ruckinger ◽  
A. Siedler ◽  
J. Rosenbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Passive Data ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Rare Infectious Diseases

scholarly journals First Complete Genome Sequence of Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Iskander ◽  
Kristy Hayden ◽  
Gary Van Domselaar ◽  
Raymond Tsang
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Serotype A

ABSTRACT Haemophilus influenzae is an important human pathogen that primarily infects small children. In recent years, H. influenzae serotype a has emerged as a significant cause of invasive disease among indigenous populations. Here, we present the first complete whole-genome sequence of H. influenzae serotype a.

Clinical Characteristics and Adverse Clinical Outcomes of Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a Cases—United States, 2011–2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine H Bozio ◽  
Amy Blain ◽  
Karen Edge ◽  
Monica M Farley ◽  
Lee H Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
The United States ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Bacteremic Pneumonia ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Incidence of invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) increased an average of 13% annually from 2002 through 2015. We describe clinical characteristics and adverse clinical outcomes of US invasive Hia cases detected through multistate surveillance during 2011–2015. Methods Medical record data were abstracted for cases reported in 8 jurisdictions conducting active population- and laboratory-based surveillance for invasive Hia disease across the United States. Isolates from sterile sites were serotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Adverse clinical outcomes were defined as any possible complication of meningitis, bacteremic pneumonia, or bacteremia (including hearing loss and developmental delay, but excluding death) and were assessed at hospital discharge and one-year post-disease onset. Results During 2011–2015, 190 Hia cases were reported to the 8 participating sites; 169 (88.9%) had data abstracted. Many patients were aged <5 years (42.6%). Meningitis was the most common clinical presentation among those aged <1 year (71.4%); bacteremic pneumonia was the most common presentation among persons aged ≥50 years (78.7%). Overall, 95.9% of patients were hospitalized. Among those hospitalized, 47.5% were admitted to an intensive care unit and 6.2% died during hospitalization. At hospital discharge and one-year post-disease onset, adverse outcomes were identified in 17.7% and 17.8% of patients overall and in 43.9% and 48.5% of patients with meningitis (primarily children). Conclusions Hia infection can cause severe disease that requires hospitalization and may also cause short- and long-term adverse clinical outcomes, especially among children. Novel vaccines could prevent morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a (Hia) Carriage in a Small Alaska Community After a Cluster of Invasive Hia Disease, 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leisha D Nolen ◽  
Amanda Tiffany ◽  
Carolynn DeByle ◽  
Dana Bruden ◽  
Gail Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Carriage Prevalence

Abstract Background Between May and July 2018, 4 Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) infections occurred in a remote Alaska community. We performed a public health response to prevent further illness and understand Hia carriage. Methods We collected oropharyngeal samples community-wide to evaluate baseline carriage. Risk factors were evaluated by interview. We offered prophylactic rifampin to individuals in contact with invasive Hia patients (contacts) and to all children aged <10 years. Oropharyngeal samples were collected again 8 weeks after rifampin distribution. Samples were tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction and culture. Results At baseline, 4 of 27 (14.8%) contacts and 7 of 364 (1.9%) noncontacts (P < .01) carried Hia. Contacts aged <10 years were more likely to carry Hia at any timepoint (11/18 [61%]) compared to contacts aged ≥10 years (3/34 [8.8%]), noncontacts aged <10 years (2/139 [1.4%]), and noncontacts ≥10 years (6/276 [2.2%]) (P < .001 for all). Hia carriers were clustered in 9 households (7% of total households). At the household level, carriage was associated with households with ≥1 contact (prevalence ratio [PR], 5.6 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.3–21.6]), crowding (PR, 7.7 [95% CI, 1.1–199.5]), and ≥3 tobacco users (PR, 5.0 [95% CI, 1.2–19.6]). Elevated carriage prevalence persisted in contacts compared to noncontacts 8 weeks after rifampin distribution (6/25 [24%] contacts, 2/114 [1.8%] noncontacts; P < .001). Conclusions Hia carriage prevalence was significantly higher among contacts than noncontacts. Rifampin prophylaxis did not result in a reduction of Hia carriage prevalence in this community.

scholarly journals Blue light for infectious diseases: Propionibacterium acnes, Helicobacter pylori, and beyond?

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianhong Dai ◽  
Asheesh Gupta ◽  
Clinton K. Murray ◽  
Mark S. Vrahas ◽  
George P. Tegos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes

scholarly journals Pediatric invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae serogroup A in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: case series

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 528-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zailaie Roaa ◽  
Alawfi Abdulsalam ◽  
Ghazi Shahid ◽  
Baba Kamaldeen ◽  
Al Fawaz Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
First Case

We describe the first two cases of invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae serotype A in Saudi Arabia. This is the first known reported invasive Haemophilus influenzae serotype A from Saudi Arabia. Case presentation: A ten-month-old and three-month-old male not known to have any past history of any medical illness and who had received H. influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine presented to our hospital mainly with fever of few days’ duration. A provisional diagnosis of meningitis with sepsis was made and laboratory tests were requested. The chest radiograph was normal. The laboratory results revealed leukocytosis, but leukopenia was noticed in the younger infant. Blood culture and cerebrospinal fluid specimens yielded a pure culture of Haemophilus influenzae and serotyping showed the isolates to be serogroup A. Both patients were started on vancomycin and third-generation cephalosporin. On receiving the blood culture result, vancomycin was stopped. Fever subsided after 48 hours, while in the second case, it continued for 12 days from the admission date. The repeat blood cultures were negative. Antibiotic therapy was given for 10 days for the first case with an unremarkable hospital course, while the second case was complicated by seizure and received a longer duration of antibiotics. Both infants were discharged home in good condition. Conclusions: Invasive non-typeable H. influenzae strains are emerging and there is a need for surveillance of this disease. This has implications in future vaccine development.

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