Are vaccine strain, type or administration protocol risk factors for canine parvovirus vaccine failure?

An outbreak of measles occurred in a municipal school system which had reported 98% of students immunized against measles. A case-control study was conducted to determine reasons for vaccine failure Vaccine failure was associated with immunizations that could not be documented in the provider's records. Among children with provider-documented immunization, vaccine failure was associated with vaccination at 12 to 14 months of age with an odds ratio of 4.73. Among children vaccinated at 15 months or older, vaccine failure was not associated with time elapsed since vaccination. Studies should be conducted to determine whether unreliable immunization records are a more widespread problem. Further consideration should be given to routine revaccination of children previously vaccinated at 12 to 14 months of age.

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Substitutions at residues 300 and 389 of the VP2 capsid protein serve as the minimal determinant of attenuation for canine parvovirus vaccine strain 9985-46

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/jgv.0.000936 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 98 (11) ◽

pp. 2759-2770 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Go Sehata ◽

Hiroaki Sato ◽

Morimasa Yamanaka ◽

Takuo Takahashi ◽

Risa Kainuma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Capsid Protein ◽

Vaccine Strain ◽

Canine Parvovirus

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Study of Different Risk Factors for Canine Parvovirus infection by Haemagglutination Assay

Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.30954/2277-940x.05.2019.16 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Shalini Sharma,

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Canine Parvovirus ◽

Haemagglutination Assay

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A Centralized Outbreak of Varicella among Children Attending Preschool in Suzhou, China

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/6183936 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Min Zhang ◽

Guo-Ping Gui ◽

Feng Guo ◽

Xin-Fang Fan ◽

Ri-Sheng Zha

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Single Dose ◽

Varicella Vaccine ◽

Vaccination Strategy ◽

Vaccination Status ◽

Varicella Vaccination ◽

Key Factors ◽

Vaccine Failure ◽

Information Platform ◽

History Of

Background. Varicella vaccine is available for voluntary purchase with a single dose currently recommended for children aged ≥12 months. An epidemiological study was undertaken in order to determine the characteristics of the outbreak, assess vaccine effectiveness, and examine risk factors for vaccine failure. Methods. A varicella case was defined as a generalized papulovesicular rash (without other apparent causes) in a child without prior varicella attending the kindergarten during February 22 to April 7 of 2016. Varicella among vaccinated children (breakthrough varicella) was defined as varicella occurring >42 days after vaccination. Children’s vaccination status was verified with immunization records through local vaccination information platform. Results. Of the 738 children, 664 (90.0%) had no prior varicella history. Of these, 364 (54.8%) had received a single-dose varicella vaccine before outbreak. A total of 30 cases occurred in the outbreak, and 9 of them (30%) had breakthrough varicella. Age at vaccination (<15 months vs. ≥15 months) and time since vaccination before the outbreak (<3 years vs. ≥3 years) were not related to the occurrence of breakthrough varicella (P>0.05). Single-dose varicella vaccination was 64.7% effective in preventing any varicella. Conclusions. Single-dose varicella vaccine is effective in reducing the varicella attack rate, but not high enough to prevent outbreak. Timely detection and effective isolation are key factors in controlling varicella. Improving single-dose vaccination coverage and implementing two-dose vaccination strategy should be recommended to provide excellent protection to prevent varicella in the future in Suzhou.

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Risk factors for acellular and whole-cell pertussis vaccine failure in Senegalese children

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.07.007 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 623-628 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Karine Lacombe ◽

Abdoulaye Yam ◽

Kirsten Simondon ◽

Sybil Pinchinat ◽

François Simondon

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pertussis Vaccine ◽

Vaccine Failure ◽

Whole Cell

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Socioeconomic, geographic and climatic risk factors for canine parvovirus infection and euthanasia in Australia

Preventive Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104816 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 174 ◽

pp. 104816 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mark Kelman ◽

Vanessa R. Barrs ◽

Jacqueline M. Norris ◽

Michael P. Ward

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Canine Parvovirus ◽

Climatic Risk

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A Novel Amperometric Genosensor for Rapid Detection of Canine Parvovirus in Feces

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jnn.2021.18998 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 3524-3530

Author(s):

Rahul Khatri ◽

Hari Mohan ◽

Poonam ◽

Basanti Brar ◽

Minakshi Prasad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vaccine Strain ◽

Rapid Detection ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Canine Parvovirus ◽

Current Response ◽

Viral Dna ◽

Electrochemical Impedance Spectra ◽

Vp2 Gene ◽

Au Electrode

A highly sensitive novel amperometric genosensor has been developed for rapid detection of canine parvovirus (CPV) DNA in fecal swabs of naturally infected dogs. The genosensor is based on a single stranded 5°-thiolated (SH) DNA probe complementary to VP1/VP2 gene of canine parvo vaccine strain, immobilized covalently on a polycrystalline gold (Au) electrode. The genosensor has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). The ssDNA-SH/Au electrode was hybridized with single stranded target DNA (ss T-DNA) in the sample. This hybridization was detected by reduction in current, generated by interaction of methylene blue (MB) with free guanine of ssDNA. The current response of genosensor was determined by CV, DPV and EIS. The sensor detected single stranded genomic DNA (ss g-DNA) isolated from vaccine strain of CPV in the range, 1.0–12.0 ng/μl at 25 °C for 10 min. Subsequently, the genobiosensor was applied for detection of CPV viral DNA in fecal swabs of naturally infected dogs. The limit of detection (LOD) of the sensor was 1.0 ng/μl of fecal viral DNA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on development and application of amperometric biosensor for rapid, sensitive, specific point of care detection of viral DNA of CPV in feces.

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Clinical and Immunological Risk Factors Associated withHaemophilus influenzaeType b Conjugate Vaccine Failure in Childhood

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1086/318132 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 973-980 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

P. T. Heath ◽

R. Booy ◽

H. Griffiths ◽

E. Clutterbuck ◽

H. J. Azzopardi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Conjugate Vaccine ◽

Vaccine Failure ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Immunological Risk Factors

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Clostridium difficileinfection in patients with haematological malignant disease: Risk factors, faecal toxins and pathogenic strains

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268800065560 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 63-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

S. R. Heard ◽

B. Wren ◽

M. J. Barnett ◽

J. M. Thomas ◽

S. Tabaqchali

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Malignant Disease ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Epidemic Strain ◽

Toxin B ◽

Bacterial Proteins ◽

Strain Type ◽

Medical Wards ◽

The Relationship

SUMMARYTwo hundred and forty-eight patients from shared oncology and general medical wards were prospectively studied over a 6-month period for carriage ofClostridium difficileduring an outbreak of clinical disease with an epidemic strain of the organism. Risk factors for infection were assessed. Acute leukaemia and/or its treatment were identified as significantly increasing the risk of infection.The relationship between the type ofC. difficileisolated (as defined by a typing system based on the incorporation of [35S]methionine into bacterial proteins followed by gel electrophoresis), the presence of faecal toxins A and B and clinical symptoms were analysed. Carriage of the epidemic strain, type X, had a significant association with symptoms amongst oncology patients, with two thirds of these patients having detectable faecal toxin A and one third detectable faecal toxin B. During an outbreak ofC. difficile-associated disease, typing the organism and assaying for both faecal toxins in symptomatic patients may be of benefit in determining which patients require specific, urgent treatment.

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