Immune response to Haemonchus contortus and Haemonchus placei in sheep and its role on parasite specificity

2014 ◽  
Vol 203 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C. Santos ◽  
Jorge K. Xavier ◽  
Mônica R.V. Amarante ◽  
César C. Bassetto ◽  
Alessandro F.T. Amarante
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Parasite Specificity ◽  
Haemonchus Placei

scholarly journals Immune response to Haemonchus contortus infection in susceptible (INRA 401) and resistant (Barbados Black Belly) breeds of lambs

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. TEREFE ◽  
C. LACROUX ◽  
O. ANDREOLETTI ◽  
C. GRISEZ ◽  
F. PREVOT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus

Immune responses of Texel sheep to excretory/secretory products of adult Haemonchus contortus

Parasitology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. F. H. Schallig ◽  
M. A. W. van Leeuwen ◽  
W. M. L. Hendrikx
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Immunoblotting Analysis ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Secretory Products

SUMMARYThe excretory/secretory (E/S) products of adult Haemonchus contortus comprise of at least 15 polypeptides with molecular weights ranging from 10 to > 100 kDa. These E/S products induce an immune response in infected Texel sheep, as demonstrated by specific IgGI levels and a significant lymphocyte proliferation index. Moreover, immunoblotting analysis revealed that sera of primary H. contortus-infected sheep specifically recognize a 24 kDa E/S product. In addition, sera of challenged sheep react strongly with a 15 kDa E/S product. The other E/S products of H. contortus showed immunoreactivity with serum samples of Haemonchus-infected sheep as well as with samples of sheep harbouring other trichostrongylid infections. These cross-reacting epitopes are the main cause of the lack of specificity of an E/S material- based ELISA. This ELISA can differentiate Haemonchus infections from Nematodirus battus infections, but not from Ostertagia circumcincta or Trichostrongylus colubriformis infections.

scholarly journals Predicting the effects of parasite co-infection across species boundaries

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1874) ◽  
pp. 20172610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Lello ◽  
Susan J. McClure ◽  
Kerri Tyrrell ◽  
Mark E. Viney
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Parasite Transmission ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Host System ◽  
Specific Outcome

It is normal for hosts to be co-infected by parasites. Interactions among co-infecting species can have profound consequences, including changing parasite transmission dynamics, altering disease severity and confounding attempts at parasite control. Despite the importance of co-infection, there is currently no way to predict how different parasite species may interact with one another, nor the consequences of those interactions. Here, we demonstrate a method that enables such prediction by identifying two nematode parasite groups based on taxonomy and characteristics of the parasitological niche. From an understanding of the interactions between the two defined groups in one host system (wild rabbits), we predict how two different nematode species, from the same defined groups, will interact in co-infections in a different host system (sheep), and then we test this experimentally. We show that, as predicted, in co-infections, the blood-feeding nematode Haemonchus contortus suppresses aspects of the sheep immune response, thereby facilitating the establishment and/or survival of the nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis ; and that the T. colubriformis -induced immune response negatively affects H. contortus . This work is, to our knowledge, the first to use empirical data from one host system to successfully predict the specific outcome of a different co-infection in a second host species. The study therefore takes the first step in defining a practical framework for predicting interspecific parasite interactions in other animal systems.

scholarly journals Nanoparticles (PLGA and Chitosan)-Entrapped ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 of Haemonchus contortus Enhances the Immune Responses in ICR Mice

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqqas Hasan ◽  
Muhammad Haseeb ◽  
Muhammad Ehsan ◽  
Javaid Ali Gadahi ◽  
Muhammad Ali-ul-Husnain Naqvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Adp Ribosylation ◽  
Icr Mice ◽  
Cytokine Analysis ◽  
Adp Ribosylation Factor

ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (HcARF1) is one of the Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) excretory/secretory proteins involved in modulating the immune response of goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Here, we evaluated the immunogenic potential of recombinant HcARF1 (rHcARF1) against H. contortus infection in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Briefly, rHcARF1 was entrapped in poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NP) and injected into mice as a vaccine. Fifty-six ICR mice were assigned randomly into seven groups, with eight animals in each group, and they were vaccinated subcutaneously. At the end of the experiment (14th day), the blood and the spleen were collected from euthanized mice to detect lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine analysis, and the production of antigen-specific antibodies. Scanning electron microscope was used to determine the size, morphology, and zeta potential of nanoparticles. Flow cytometry was performed, which presented the increase percentages of CD4+ T cells (CD3e+CD4+), CD8+ T cells (CD3e+CD8+) and dendritic cells (CD11c+CD83+, CD11c+CD86+) in mice vaccinated with rHcARF1+PLGA NP. Immunoassay analysis show raised humoral (Immunoglobulin (Ig)G1, IgG2a, IgM) and cell-mediated immune response (Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-12, and IL-17, and Interferon (IFN)-γ) induced by rHcARF1+PLGA NP. Experimental groups that were treated with the antigen-loaded NP yield higher lymphocyte proliferation than the control groups. Based on these results, we could propose that the rHcARF1 encapsulated in NP could stimulate a strong immune response in mice rather than administering alone against the infection of H. contortus.

scholarly journals Association analysis of immune response loci related to Haemonchus contortus exposure in sheep and goats using a targeted approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Zaira M. Estrada-Reyes ◽  
Yoko Tsukahara ◽  
Arthur L. Goetsch ◽  
Terry A. Gipson ◽  
Tilahun Sahlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Targeted Approach

scholarly journals Differentiation of Haemonchus placei from Haemonchus contortus by PCR and by morphometrics of adult parasites and third stage larvae

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Cardoso dos Santos ◽  
Mônica Regina Vendrame Amarante ◽  
Maria Regina Lucas da Silva ◽  
Alessandro Francisco Talamini do Amarante
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Haemonchus Placei

Molecular and morphological methods were evaluated to distinguish between Haemonchus contortus and Haemonchus placei species. A total of 141 H. contortus and 89 H. placei male adult specimens collected from artificially infected lambs were identified individually by PCR analysis, using a species-specific primer pair. These PCR results were used as gold standard for Haemonchus spp. identification. Haemonchus placei presented higher mean spicule and barb lengths than H. contortus (P<0.05). However, some measurements overlapped. For this reason, a discriminate function did not allow the correct identification of 13 H. contortus and one H. placei specimen. The sheath tail length of the third stage larvae (L3), which comprises the distance between the tip of the larval tail and the end of the sheath tail, were measured. Only three of the 485 H. placei larvae (0.619%) had a sheath tail shorter than 85 µm, while only four of the 500 H. contortus larvae (0.8%) presented a sheath tail longer than 85 µm. The results indicated that 6.09% of the male adult specimens would be misclassified based on the discriminate function, while only 0.71% of infective larvae would be misclassified. Therefore, identification of L3 can be used as the first method to indicate the presence of H. placei and/or H. contortus in a population of domestic ruminants.

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