Pharmacokinetics and anticoccidial activity of ethanamizuril in broiler chickens

SUMMARYThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the anticoccidial effect of different concentrations of the herbal complex of 4 plants (leaves ofAzadirachta indicaandNicotiana tabacum,flowers ofCalotropis proceraand seeds ofTrachyspermum ammi) in broiler chickens in comparison with amprolium anticoccidial. Three concentrations (2 g, 4 g and 6 g) of herbal complex were given to the experimental groups once a day and amprolium (at the dose rate of 125 ppm) was given orally in drinking water from the 14th to the 21st days of age. One group was kept as infected, non-medicated control and one as non-infected, non-medicated control. All groups were inoculated orally with 75 000 sporulated oocysts on the 14th day of age except the non-infected, non-medicated control. Among herbal complex medicated groups, the maximum anticoccidial effect was seen in the group medicated with 6 g herbal complex followed by 4 g and 2 g herbal complex medicated groups. Treatment with 6 g of the herbal complex significantly reduced the negative performance and pathogenic effects associated withEimeria tenellachallenge at a level that was comparable with amprolium when using a largely susceptible recent field isolate. In summary, concentration-dependent anticoccidial activity of the studied herbal complex suggests its use as an alternative anticoccidial agent to chemotherapeutic drugs forEimeria tenellacontrol.

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Comparative Anticoccidial Activity and Compatibility of Lasalocid in Broiler Chickens

Poultry Science ◽

10.3382/ps.0540757 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 757-761 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

M. Mitrovic ◽

E.G. Schildknecht ◽

W.L. Marusich

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Anticoccidial Activity

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Anticoccidial potentials of methanol leaf extract of Lannea Schimperi in experimentally induced Eimeria tenella infection in broiler chickens

Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal ◽

10.31559/vmph2021.2.1.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 8-16

Author(s):

Mohammed, Balarabe Rabiu ◽

Hudu Garba Mikail ◽

Ibrahim Anka Abubakar ◽

Magaji Yusuf ◽

Garba Hussain

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Alternative Therapy ◽

Negative Control ◽

Eimeria Tenella ◽

Eimeria Spp ◽

Anticoccidial Activity ◽

Experimentally Induced

Coccidiosis is caused in chickens by the genus Eimeria spp, and is considered as one of the dominant poultry diseases worldwide. For decades, anticoccidial products have been used for the successful control of this disease. However, long term use of these products has led to the development of resistance. The current study therefore sought to investigate the anticoccidial activity of the methanol leaf extract of Lannea schimperi on experimentally induced Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) infection in broiler chickens in an attempt to provide good alternative therapy due to increasing resistance to the conventional anticoccidial agents. Seven groups (A-G) of 4 birds were used for the experiment and five groups (A-E) were orally inoculated with 1.0 x 103 sporulated oocysts of E. tenella. Groups A, B and C were treated with 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight of L. schimperi methanolic leaf extract respectively and Group D was treated with1.5 mg/ml of amprolium, group E served as negative control. Groups F and G were the uninfected neutral control and were treated with 25 and 100 mg/ml of L. schimperi methanol leaf extract respectively without being infected with E. tenella oocysts. Findings revealed dose dependent anticoccidial effect, with highest concentration of 100 mg/ml giving more activity than 50 and 25 mg/ml of the plant extract. Significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in the number of both schizonts and merozoites in the groups (A, B, C, F and G) treated with L. schimperi methanol leaf extract were observed. Large number of schizonts and merozoites were observed in the infected untreated group compared to the treated groups. Significant changes were also seen in the number of circulating eosinophils and lymphocytes. Insignificant changes (P > 0.05) in body weight gain were recorded; however, significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in the intestinal mucus secretion was recorded in the amprolium treated group. These findings suggest that the methanolic leaf extract of L. schimperi possess anticoccidial activity that may warrant further investigation.

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Anticoccidial Activity of Berberine against Eimeria-Infected Chickens

The Korean Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.403 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 403-408

Author(s):

Binh Thanh Nguyen ◽

Rochelle Alipio Flores ◽

Paula Leona Taymen Cammayo ◽

Suk Kim ◽

Woo Hyun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Eimeria Species ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Alternative Control ◽

Anticoccidial Activity ◽

Resistant Strains ◽

Prophylactic Use ◽

Drug Resistant Strains

Avian coccidiosis has a major economic impact on the poultry industry, it is caused by 7 species of Eimeria, and has been primarily controlled using chemotherapeutic agents. Due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains, alternative control strategies are needed. We assessed anticoccidial effects of berberine-based diets in broiler chickens following oral infection with 5 Eimeria species (E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. tenella, E. mitis, and E. praecox). When 0.2% berberine, a concentration that does not affect weight gain, was added to the diet, the 4 groups infected with E. acervulina, E. tenella, E. mitis, or E. praecox showed significant reductions in fecal oocyst shedding (P<0.05) compared to their respective infected and untreated controls. In chickens treated 0.5% berberine instead of 0.2% and infected with E. maxima, fecal oocyst production was significantly reduced, but body weight deceased, indicating that berberine treatment was not useful for E. maxima infection. Taken together, these results illustrate the applicability of berberine for prophylactic use to control most Eimeria infections except E. maxima. Further studies on the mechanisms underlying the differences in anticoccidial susceptibility to berberine, particularly E. maxima, are remained.

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