scholarly journals Characterization of crumb rubber from end-of-life tyres for paving applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Zanetti ◽  
S. Fiore ◽  
B. Ruffino ◽  
E. Santagata ◽  
D. Dalmazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Crumb Rubber

scholarly journals ADVANCED CHARACTERIZATION OF RECYCLED RUBBER FROM END-OF-LIFE TIRES

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-703
Author(s):  
J. L. Valentín ◽  
R. Pérez-Aparicio ◽  
A. Fernandez-Torres ◽  
P. Posadas ◽  
R. Herrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Advanced Characterization ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Double Quantum ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Recycled Rubber

ABSTRACT There are currently many well-established applications for recycled rubber from end-of-life tires (ELT), but it is essential to investigate and seek new approaches to enhance the value of these products. Recent developments in new technologies and innovative recycling and devulcanization processes have opened up new perspectives for ELT crumb rubber. To promote the use of these products in newly added value applications, it is essential to develop and optimize methods that allow the characterization of parameters related to the ultimate properties of potential final applications. In this respect, a novel characterization methodology based on advanced 1H double-quantum (DQ) nuclear magnetic resonance experiments has been applied for the first time to quantify the key parameters that characterize the structure of ELT crumb rubber after diverse recycling processes: from simple mechanical grinding to complex devulcanization methods. This experimental approach enables the quantification of parameters that define the network structure of rubber, such as the nonelastic network defects (sol fraction, dangling chain ends, loops), the cross-link density, and the heterogeneity of the network, directly from rubber granulate and powder (without any additional sample preparation steps), overcoming most of the drawbacks and uncertainties that limit the application of traditional rubber characterization methods (e.g., equilibrium swelling experiments). By applying this experimental approach, it is possible to identify and quantify the actual technical limits for a complete selective devulcanization process of ELT crumb rubber.

scholarly journals Characterization of Carbonaceous Deposits on an End-of-Life Engines for Effective Cleaning for Remanufacturing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 950
Author(s):  
Xing Wang ◽  
Jianfeng Li ◽  
Xiujie Jia ◽  
Mingliang Ma ◽  
Yuan Ren
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Hybrid Structure ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study ◽  
Carbonaceous Deposit ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cleaning Method ◽  
Carbonaceous Deposits ◽  
Strong Adhesion

Remanufacturing is one of the most effective strategies to achieve sustainable manufacturing and restore the performance of end-of-life products. However, the lack of an effective cleaning method to clean carbonaceous deposits severely hampers the remanufacturing of end-of-life engines. To explore an appropriate cleaning method, it is necessary to first study the characterization of the carbonaceous deposits. A broad range of analyses including X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance study, X-ray diffraction analysis, and scanning electron microscopy were performed to conduct an in-depth characterization of the carbonaceous deposits. The results showed that a hybrid structure composed of organics and inorganics is the most distinguishing feature of the carbonaceous deposit in end-of-life engines. The inorganics form the skeleton on which organics get attached, thereby resulting in a strong adhesion of the deposit and increasing the difficulty of cleaning. Therefore, a method in which several cleaning forces can be simultaneously applied is more suitable for the present purpose. Molten salt cleaning was chosen to verify the feasibility of this proposal. This method was shown to have the potential to effectively clean the carbonaceous deposit. This finding could contribute towards promoting the effective remanufacturing of end-of-life engines.

scholarly journals Characterization of particle emissions and fate of nanomaterials during incineration

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Vejerano ◽  
Elena C. Leon ◽  
Amara L. Holder ◽  
Linsey C. Marr
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Particle Emissions ◽  
End Of Life Treatment

Incineration as end-of-life treatment for nanowaste has perhaps the greatest potential for transforming nanomaterials in the environment.

scholarly journals Characterization of Polymer Waste Containing Nano-fillers Prior its End-of-Life Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2463-2471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh Trinh Tran ◽  
Aurélie Joubert ◽  
Danielle Venditti ◽  
Sylvain Durecu ◽  
Thierry Meunier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
End Of Life Treatment

A comprehensive characterization of End-of-Life mobile phones for secondary material resources identification

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Fontana ◽  
Massimiliana Pietrantonio ◽  
Stefano Pucciarmati ◽  
Concetta Rao ◽  
Federica Forte
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Secondary Material ◽  
Comprehensive Characterization

scholarly journals GoWInD: Wind Energy Spatiotemporal Assessment and Characterization of End-of-Life Activities

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 6015
Author(s):  
Francisco Haces-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Disposal Options ◽  
Life Options

Concerns on the lack sustainable end-of-life options for wind turbines have significantly increased in recent years. To ensure wind energy continuous growth, this research develops a novel spatiotemporal methodology that sustainably handles end-of-life activities for wind equipment. This research introduces the Global Wind Inventory for Future Decommissioning (GoWInD), which assesses and characterizes wind turbines according to individual spatiotemporal decommissioning and sustainability attributes. Applying data from GoWInD, the research developments networks of end-of-life (EoL) centers for wind turbines. The placement and operational levels of EoL centers optimize sustainable decommissioning according to changing spatiotemporal features of wind turbines. The methodology was evaluated for the United States, developing the United States Global Wind Inventory for Future Decommissioning (US—GoWInD), implementing the network of United States end-of-life (US—EoL) centers. Significant imbalances on the temporal and spatial distribution of US wind decommissioning inventory were revealed by the system. Diverse options to effectively handle these imbalances were highlighted by the methodology, including US—EoL center optimization according to placement, operational levels and potential complementarities. Particular attention was paid to components with challenging disposal options. The system can be implemented for diverse geographical locations and alternative spatial and temporal resolutions.

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