Semisolid Materials Processing: A Sustainability Perspective

Sustainable development is increasing in importance with restrictions on emission and carbon footprint. Similarly, both energy and resources efficiency are required, and at the same time, cost-efficiency is required. The current paper is focusing on carbon footprint, energy usage and material use efficiency of semisolid metal casting. A detailed analysis is made on the RheoMetal process, which is benchmarked to conventional HPDC casting. The analysis includes the gating system and the importance of the use of primary or secondary material. It furthermore includes a discussion of process yield and benefits based on process capability.

Pertimbangan Putusan Hakim Perkara Harta Bersama di Pengadilan Agama Tembilahan

This research was motivated by the decision of the Tembilahan Religious Court judges who decided the joint property case in which the judge decided the Plaintiff (husband) got 1/4 while the Defendant (wife) got 3/4 of the shared property. However, Article 97 in the Compilation of Islamic Law states that: "Widows or widowers are each entitled to half of the joint property as long as it is not stipulated otherwise in the marriage agreement." This research is in the form of library research using case No.0233/Pdt.G/2018/PA.Tbh, as the primary reference, while the secondary material in this paper consists of laws and regulations related to the object of the research decision No. 0233/Pdt.G/2018/PA.Tbh as well as books, journals, scientific works related to the object of research. The author's data collection technique uses interview techniques and study documents or library materials. The results of the verdict research are in accordance with the judge in deciding the case based on Legal Certainty (legal certainty) and Legal Justice (legal justice), legal certainty is what has been outlined by the laws and regulations, Compilation of Islamic Law, like this case according to legal certainty then the distribution it is the wife gets 1/2 and the husband also gets 1/2 then if only this which is applied rigidly in the case will reduce the values of justice itself, thus the judge in determining the joint property case uses Legal Justice.

Biological inter-dependencies in 3D printing: Larvae scaffold excavation of high filigree clay structures

<p>Ceramic 3D printing has emerged in recent years as a new method for working with age-old material, a blend of the digital and analog that breeds a new type of artisan. Working with clay in an FDM extrusion system presents a number of challenges due to the nature of the material, restricting the forms that can be produced to rudimentary levels of ornament and shape. This research tackles the issue of resolution and thickness when creating and designing shell structures from ceramic materials, notably when 3D printing is used for complex geometry. This research aims to navigate these material and technological constraints by designing a novel approach to support scaffolds using a secondary material. This secondary material serves as an organic encasement for the ceramic object, and nature is treated as a co-collaborator in the excavation and controlled curing of a high filigree clay structure. By introducing edible bio matter and/or cellulose solutions, this encourages a new relationship with nature as a tool and co-author, becoming a stakeholder in the final result. This research examines the relationship between human, machine, and nature in the design and manufacturing of products.</p>

Biological inter-dependencies in 3D printing: Larvae scaffold excavation of high filigree clay structures

<p>Ceramic 3D printing has emerged in recent years as a new method for working with age-old material, a blend of the digital and analog that breeds a new type of artisan. Working with clay in an FDM extrusion system presents a number of challenges due to the nature of the material, restricting the forms that can be produced to rudimentary levels of ornament and shape. This research tackles the issue of resolution and thickness when creating and designing shell structures from ceramic materials, notably when 3D printing is used for complex geometry. This research aims to navigate these material and technological constraints by designing a novel approach to support scaffolds using a secondary material. This secondary material serves as an organic encasement for the ceramic object, and nature is treated as a co-collaborator in the excavation and controlled curing of a high filigree clay structure. By introducing edible bio matter and/or cellulose solutions, this encourages a new relationship with nature as a tool and co-author, becoming a stakeholder in the final result. This research examines the relationship between human, machine, and nature in the design and manufacturing of products.</p>

RESEARCH OF THE POSSIBILITY OF PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION OF RDF FUEL

The issues of sustainable development of waste management systems are actively discussed throughout the world both at the level of government agencies and at the lev-el of the scientific and expert community. One of the ways to improve the existing practice of waste management in Russia is the search for ways to involve them in eco-nomic circulation as secondary material and energy resources. The article shows the fea-sibility of using solid municipal and industrial waste for the production of alternative fuels.

Between two worlds: a study of migrant writers in New Zealand

<p>This thesis begins with a consideration of what constitutes migrant writing, and points to the difficulties in arriving at an absolute definition. Some justification is given for the fact that the ensuing discussion concerns short stories alone, and some of the particular qualities of the short story which make it an appropriate form for migrant literature are examined. The first chapter also makes a brief survey of the context for migrant writing within New Zealand literature, and compares the work of several short story writers, migrant and non-migrant. The work of two New Zealand migrant short story writers is discussed closely in the chapters that follow: Amelia Batistich's stories are examined in Chapter Two, and Yvonne du Fresne's in Chapter Three. In each discussion, formal qualities are given equal attention as matters of content and theme. The final chapter attempts to draw connections between the work of these two writers and the problems of definition raised in the first chapter. Consideration is also given to the attitudes and expectations of readers of migrant fiction. The appendices to the thesis contain biographies of Amelia Batistich and Yvonne du Fresne, and transcripts of conversations with them. The conversations were recorded in 1984, and have been lightly edited. A bibliography is included which provides a selective guide to the two authors published and unpublished work, and a full account of all secondary material consulted.</p>

Between two worlds: a study of migrant writers in New Zealand

<p>This thesis begins with a consideration of what constitutes migrant writing, and points to the difficulties in arriving at an absolute definition. Some justification is given for the fact that the ensuing discussion concerns short stories alone, and some of the particular qualities of the short story which make it an appropriate form for migrant literature are examined. The first chapter also makes a brief survey of the context for migrant writing within New Zealand literature, and compares the work of several short story writers, migrant and non-migrant. The work of two New Zealand migrant short story writers is discussed closely in the chapters that follow: Amelia Batistich's stories are examined in Chapter Two, and Yvonne du Fresne's in Chapter Three. In each discussion, formal qualities are given equal attention as matters of content and theme. The final chapter attempts to draw connections between the work of these two writers and the problems of definition raised in the first chapter. Consideration is also given to the attitudes and expectations of readers of migrant fiction. The appendices to the thesis contain biographies of Amelia Batistich and Yvonne du Fresne, and transcripts of conversations with them. The conversations were recorded in 1984, and have been lightly edited. A bibliography is included which provides a selective guide to the two authors published and unpublished work, and a full account of all secondary material consulted.</p>

Characteristics of Waste Generated in Dimension Stone Processing

Natural dimension stone processing generates large volumes of stone waste, which have a significant impact on the environment, as well as on the efficiency and profitability of the stone-processing plant. The article presents the characteristics of waste produced as a result of natural dimension stone processing and the structure of the waste production process. Solid stone scraps and sludge were distinguished. On the basis of the performed analyses, it was shown that stone waste constitutes 10–35% in relation to the quantity of the processed stone material, with the quantity of sludge being even threefold greater than the volume of solid scraps. According to the circular economy principles, the aim should be to reduce the amount of waste generated by reducing primary resources in favour of secondary material. Reducing the volume of stone waste is possible through rational planning of stone production while at the same time maximising the efficiency of stone material usage and introducing the most modern processing machines. This significant volume of stone waste encourages efforts to find solutions for both its management and reduction. This paper reviews the utility potential of stone waste. Sensible use of waste is important to increase the profitability and productivity of processing plants while incentivising environmental protection.

Analysis of the pectin extraction process at recycling of secondary material resources

The object of research is the secondary material resources of processing plant and animal raw materials, namely fruit pomace and milk whey. One of the most problematic areas is that the waste of these industries has high rates of biological and chemical oxygen consumption of wastewater, which significantly impairs the operation of local and city treatment facilities. In addition, the parameters of extraction and determination of the quality indicators of the obtained product are not well defined. The processing of whey and pomace of fruit crops can reduce the environmental burden on the environment and increase the efficiency of technological processes through resource conservation and obtaining a surplus product. The problem is solved, in particular, by using the process of extracting plant waste using milk whey and the process of energy-saving membrane concentration. In the course of the study, let’s use pectin-containing plant waste from juice production, namely watermelon, pumpkin, quince, beetroot, apple and a mixture of orange and tangerine pomace. The results obtained indicate that the process of extracting apple pomace with milk whey is promising, since the highest pectin content in the extract is established for apple pomace. The main amount of pectin substances passes into the extract starting from 75 minutes to 90 minutes. Extraction-hydrolysis for 2 hours at a temperature of 85 °C, pH=2–2.5 units determines the best results. Ultrafiltration of the obtained extract makes it possible to increase the pectin content up to 3.0 % with a protein content of more than 6.0 %. The membranes used in the experiment are characterized by high selectivity for protein and pectin. The fact is established that diafiltration makes it possible to effectively purify whey-pectin concentrates from ballast impurities with simultaneous enrichment of the concentrate with high-molecular components of whey. A technological scheme for the production of pectin-whey concentrate with high organoleptic and detoxification characteristics is proposed. The proposed technological process has a number of positive features, in particular, a high content of pectin substances, high value indicators, a significant reduction in the burden on the environment, economic benefits through energy conservation and obtaining a surplus product.

Across, Between, and Beyond Nation States: Overseas Chinese Private Remittance Networks, 1850s–1930s

This paper examines the development of private remittance networks that came into being in response to the practice of migrants sending financial resources back to their families in China from 1850 to 1930s and analyses them through the lens of transnational space. It discusses the transnational space between the diaspora and the homeland and the structures that link them. My research has shown that these networks contributed to a space transcending national borders. The material comprising the basis of this research project includes newspapers from the diaspora, remittance letters and receipts, and reports conducted by the Taiwanese governmental institutions and secondary material focused on both emigrant home villages in China and communities in destinations. In the diasporic context, space is created through shared experiences of migrants, who are physically separated from their families but remain linked through networks such as the remittance trade.