Influence of hydraulic retention time on indigenous microalgae and activated sludge process

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anbarasan Anbalagan ◽  
Sebastian Schwede ◽  
Carl-Fredrik Lindberg ◽  
Emma Nehrenheim
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Activated Sludge Process

scholarly journals Penggunaan limbah tempe dalam biodegradasi zat warna azo menggunakan bioreaktor membran aerob-anaerob

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Putri Sri Komala ◽  
Agus Jatnika Effendi ◽  
IG Wenten ◽  
W Wisjnuprapto
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Industry Effluent ◽  
Remazol Black

Tempeh waste is a form of waste that still has an economic value, due to its relatively high organic and nutrient content compared to yeast extract. In this research, tempeh waste was used as a co-substrate for the removal of azo dye from textile industry effluent using an aerobic-anaerobic membrane bioreactor. The bioreactor consists of a modified activated sludge process, i.e. a contact-stabilization process coupled with anoxic reactor and combined with an external ultrafiltration membrane to replace the sedimentation process in conventional activated sludge process. The feed consists of Remazol Black-5 azo dye at a concentration of 110-120 mg/L, and tempeh waste as an organic and nutrient source at 8-10% v/v concentration. An experiment was done to measure the effect of hydraulic retention time on dye removal, by varying the HRT in the contact tank at 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 hours, and that of  stabilization- and anoxic tanks kept constant at 4 and 3 hours. From the experiment a 41-51% removal of the dye and 46-65% removal of organic compounds were obtained. The highest dye and organic compound removal was obtained at a contact HRT of 2 hours, namely 51% of dye removal and 65% of organic removal efficiencies. An auto-oxidation process occurs in the contact tank, resulting in an increase in the dye concentration.Keywords: tempeh waste, membrane bioreactor, Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT), contact tank, azo dye. Abstrak Limbah tempe merupakan salah satu limbah yang masih memiliki nilai ekonomis, karena kandungan senyawa organik dan nutrien yang terdapat didalamnya masih relatif tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan yeast extract. Dalam penelitian ini limbah tempe digunakan sebagai ko-substrat untuk penyisihan zat warna azo dari industri tekstil dengan menggunakan bioreaktor membran aerob-anaerob. Bioreaktor terdiri dari modifikasi proses lumpur aktif yaitu proses kontak-stabilisasi yang dihubungkan dengan reaktor anoksik dan dikombinasikan dengan membran ultrafiltrasi secara eksternal. Umpan terdiri dari zat warna azo Remazol Black-5 pada konsentrasi 110-120 mg/L dan limbah tempe sebagai sumber organik dan nutrien dengan konsentrasi 8-10% v/v. Percobaan dilakukan untuk mengamati pengaruh waktu retensi hidrolik (hydraulic retention time, HRT) tangki kontak terhadap penyisihan warna dengan variasi HRT tangki kontak antara 1, 1½, 2, 2½ dan 3 jam, sedangkan tangki stabilisasi dan anoksik pada HRT konstan 4 dan 3 jam. Dari percobaan dihasilkan penyisihan warna berkisar antara 41-51% dan penyisihan senyawa organik antara 46-65%. Baik penyisihan warna maupun senyawa organik terbesar dihasilkan pada HRT kontak 2 jam yaitu 51% untuk penyisihan warna dan 65% untuk penyisihan senyawa organik. Pada tangki kontak terjadi autoksidasi yang menyebabkan kenaikan konsentrasi warna.Kata Kunci: limbah tempe, bioreaktor membran, waktu retensi hidrolik (HRT), tangki kontak, zat warna azo.

scholarly journals PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK DENGAN PROSES LUMPUR AKTIF YANG DIISI DENGAN MEDIA BIOBALL

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusa Idaman Said ◽  
Kristianti Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Circulation Ratio ◽  
Increase Efficiency

Recently, the treatment process of waste water contains organic pollutant which used in Indonesia especially in Jakarta is activated sludge process. The problem is its treated water quality which frequently does not yet fulfilled to effluent standard of wastewater. Some affecting factors  are hydraulic retention time (HRT) too short, the fluctuation of wastewater flow rate, unfavorable function of aeration process and also which do not less important is operational mistake caused by insufficient knowledge of operator. To overcome the mentioned problems it is needed technological innovation to increase efficiency of wastewater treatment process especially activated sludge process. This paper describes the study of domestic waste water treatment  using activated sludge process which is filled with bioball plastic media for attaching microorganism to increase efficiency and  keep stability of process. Result of the study shows that within 6 hours hydraulic retention time (HRT), the removal efficiency of COD, BOD, Ammonia and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) were 78.42%, 79.41%, 61.41%, and 82.06% respectively. The most effective of sludge circulation ratio is R=0,5Q. In sludge circulation ratio R= 0,5Q, the removal efficiency of COD, BOD, organic loading coming into bioreactor, the lower  removal efficiency. In organic loading (BOD loading) 0.3 - 1.0 kgBOD/m3.day, the removal efficiency of BOD was 80 - 85 %.  Kata kunci : Air limbah domestik, lumpur aktif, bioball, aerob.

scholarly journals PENGHILANGAN AMONIAK DI DALAM AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK DENGAN PROSES MOVING BED BIOFILM REACTOR (MBBR)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusa Idaman Said ◽  
Muhammad Rizki Syabani
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed

The treatment process of wastewater contains organic pollutant which used in Indonesia especially in Jakarta is generaly activated sludge process. The problem is its treated water quality which frequently does not yet fulfilled to effluent standard of wastewater. Some affecting factors  are hydraulic retention time (HRT) too short, the fluctuation of wastewater flow rate, unfavorable function of aeration process and also which do not less important is operational mistake caused by insufficient knowledge of operator. To overcome the mentioned problems it is needed technological innovation to increase efficiency of wastewater treatment process especially activated sludge process. Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) technology is one of the  effective alternative for treating wastewater containing organic pollutants. In principle, MBBR is a modification of the activated sludge process is enhanced by adding the media into the aeration tank.This paper describes the study of domestic waste water treatment  using MBBR process which is filled with bioball plastic media which has specific surface 210 m2/m3 as much as 20 % of the volume of the aeration tank for attaching microorganism to increase efficiency and  keep stability of process.Result of the study shows that within 12 hours, 8 hours, 6 hours and 4 hours of hydraulic retention time (HRT) in aeration tank and sludge circulation ratio 0f R = 1.0 Q, the removal efficiency of ammonia were 94.05 %, 93.42 %, 89 %, and 79.6 % respectively. In ammonia loading 0.106 – 0.302 kg/m3.day, the removal efficiency of ammonia were 95.54 – 83.01 %. The greater ammonia loading,  removal efficiency of  ammonia  is getting smaller. Optimal residence time is 6 hours with ammonia removal efficiency reached 89 %, and the average concentration of ammonia in the effluent of 8.3 mg per litre.  Keyword : Domestic wastewater, ammonia, bioball, MBBR.

The Impact of a Chemostat Discharge Containing Oil Degrading Bacteria on the Biological Kinetics of a Refinery Activated Sludge Process

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Wong ◽  
C. D. Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Kinetic Evaluation ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant ◽  
The Impact

The effect of discharging specific oil degrading bacteria from a chemostat to a refinery activated sludge process was determined biokinetically. Plant data for the kinetic evaluation of the waste treatment plant was collected before and during treatment. During treatment, the 500 gallon chemostatic growth chamber was operated on an eight hour hydraulic retention time, at a neutral pH, and was fed a mixture of refinery wastewater and simple sugars. The biokinetic constants k (days−1), Ks (mg/L), and K (L/mg-day) were determined before and after treatment by Monod and Lineweaver-Burk plots. Solids discharged and effluent organic concentrations were also evaluated against the mean cell retention time (MCRT). The maximum utilization rate, k, was found to increase from 0.47 to 0.95 days−1 during the operation of the chemostat. Subsequently, Ks increased from 141 to 556 mg/L. Effluent solids were shown to increase slightly with treatment. However, this was acceptable due to the polishing pond and the benefit of increased ability to accept shock loads of oily wastewater. The reason for the increased suspended solids in the effluent was most likely due to the continual addition of bacteria in exponential growth that were capable of responding to excess substrate. The effect of the chemostatic addition of specific microbial inocula to the refinery waste treatment plant has been to improve the overall organic removal capacity along with subsequent gains in plant stability.

scholarly journals Optimization of Ozonation Process for the Reduction of Excess Sludge Production from Activated Sludge Process of Sago Industry Wastewater Using Central Composite Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Subha ◽  
M. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Ozonation Time ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Sludge Production

Sago industries effluent containing large amounts of organic content produced excess sludge which is a serious problem in wastewater treatment. In this study ozonation has been employed for the reduction of excess sludge production in activated sludge process. Central composite design is used to study the effect of ozone treatment for the reduction of excess sludge production in sago effluent and to optimise the variables such as pH, ozonation time, and retention time. ANOVA showed that the coefficient determination value (R2) of VSS and COD reduction were 0.9689 and 0.8838, respectively. VSS reduction (81%) was achieved at acidic pH 6.9, 12 minutes ozonation, and retention time of 10 days. COD reduction (87%) was achieved at acidic pH 6.7, 8 minutes of ozonation time, and retention time of 6 days. Low ozonation time and high retention time influence maximum sludge reduction, whereas low ozonation time with low retention time was effective for COD reduction.

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