Near-Infrared Confocal Laser Reflectance Cytoarchitectural Imaging of the Substantia Nigra and Cerebellum in the Fresh Human Cadaver

Multispectral Airborne Laser Scanning provides a new opportunity for airborne data collection. It provides high-density topographic surveying and is also a useful tool for land cover mapping. Use of a minimum of three intensity images from a multiwavelength laser scanner and 3D information included in the digital surface model has the potential for land cover/use classification and a discussion about the application of this type of data in land cover/use mapping has recently begun. In the test study, three laser reflectance intensity images (orthogonalized point cloud) acquired in green, near-infrared and short-wave infrared bands, together with a digital surface model, were used in land cover/use classification where six classes were distinguished: water, sand and gravel, concrete and asphalt, low vegetation, trees and buildings. In the tested methods, different approaches for classification were applied: spectral (based only on laser reflectance intensity images), spectral with elevation data as additional input data, and spectro-textural, using morphological granulometry as a method of texture analysis of both types of data: spectral images and the digital surface model. The method of generating the intensity raster was also tested in the experiment. Reference data were created based on visual interpretation of ALS data and traditional optical aerial and satellite images. The results have shown that multispectral ALS data are unlike typical multispectral optical images, and they have a major potential for land cover/use classification. An overall accuracy of classification over 90% was achieved. The fusion of multi-wavelength laser intensity images and elevation data, with the additional use of textural information derived from granulometric analysis of images, helped to improve the accuracy of classification significantly. The method of interpolation for the intensity raster was not very helpful, and using intensity rasters with both first and last return numbers slightly improved the results.

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TESTING OF LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION FROM MULTISPECTRAL AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING DATA

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b7-161-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol XLI-B7 ◽

pp. 161-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

K. Bakuła ◽

P. Kupidura ◽

Ł. Jełowicki

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Airborne Laser Scanning ◽

Surface Model ◽

Digital Surface Model ◽

Airborne Laser ◽

Laser Reflectance ◽

Elevation Data ◽

Intensity Images

Multispectral Airborne Laser Scanning provides a new opportunity for airborne data collection. It provides high-density topographic surveying and is also a useful tool for land cover mapping. Use of a minimum of three intensity images from a multiwavelength laser scanner and 3D information included in the digital surface model has the potential for land cover/use classification and a discussion about the application of this type of data in land cover/use mapping has recently begun. In the test study, three laser reflectance intensity images (orthogonalized point cloud) acquired in green, near-infrared and short-wave infrared bands, together with a digital surface model, were used in land cover/use classification where six classes were distinguished: water, sand and gravel, concrete and asphalt, low vegetation, trees and buildings. In the tested methods, different approaches for classification were applied: spectral (based only on laser reflectance intensity images), spectral with elevation data as additional input data, and spectro-textural, using morphological granulometry as a method of texture analysis of both types of data: spectral images and the digital surface model. The method of generating the intensity raster was also tested in the experiment. Reference data were created based on visual interpretation of ALS data and traditional optical aerial and satellite images. The results have shown that multispectral ALS data are unlike typical multispectral optical images, and they have a major potential for land cover/use classification. An overall accuracy of classification over 90% was achieved. The fusion of multi-wavelength laser intensity images and elevation data, with the additional use of textural information derived from granulometric analysis of images, helped to improve the accuracy of classification significantly. The method of interpolation for the intensity raster was not very helpful, and using intensity rasters with both first and last return numbers slightly improved the results.

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Substantial near-infrared radiation-driven photosynthesis of chlorophyll f-containing cyanobacteria in a natural habitat

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.50871 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michael Kühl ◽

Erik Trampe ◽

Maria Mosshammer ◽

Michael Johnson ◽

Anthony WD Larkum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infrared Radiation ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Red Light ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Oxygenic Photosynthesis ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Near Infrared Radiation ◽

Molecular Physiology

Far-red absorbing chlorophylls are constitutively present as chlorophyll (Chl) d in the cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina, or dynamically expressed by synthesis of Chl f, red-shifted phycobiliproteins and minor amounts of Chl d via far-red light photoacclimation in a range of cyanobacteria, which enables them to use near-infrared-radiation (NIR) for oxygenic photosynthesis. While the biochemistry and molecular physiology of Chl f-containing cyanobacteria has been unraveled in culture studies, their ecological significance remains unexplored and no data on their in situ activity exist. With a novel combination of hyperspectral imaging, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and nanoparticle-based O2 imaging, we demonstrate substantial NIR-driven oxygenic photosynthesis by endolithic, Chl f-containing cyanobacteria within natural beachrock biofilms that are widespread on (sub)tropical coastlines. This indicates an important role of NIR-driven oxygenic photosynthesis in primary production of endolithic and other shaded habitats.

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Imaging-Guided Delivery of a Hydrophilic Drug to Eukaryotic Cells Based on Its Hydrophobic Ion Pairing with Poly(hexamethylene guanidine) in a Maleated Chitosan Carrier

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26247426 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (24) ◽

pp. 7426

Author(s):

Sofia A. Zakharenkova ◽

Marina I. Lebedeva ◽

Alexandra N. Lebedeva ◽

Irina A. Doroshenko ◽

Ksenya Yu Vlasova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Ion Pairs ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Counter Ion ◽

Hydrophilic Drug ◽

Model Drug ◽

Novel Strategy

Imaging-guided delivery is developed for hydrophobic drugs, and to a much lesser extent, hydrophilic ones. In this work we have designed a novel strategy for real-time monitoring of hydrophilic drug delivery. Traditionally, the drug and the dye are covalently attached to a nanocarrier or are electrostatically adsorbed. Recently, we found an efficient way to bind the drug by ion-paring with an appropriate counter-ion to form the aggregate that embeds a hydrophobic dye with a considerable fluorescence enhancement. We synthesized a series of carbocyanine dyes of hydrophobicity sufficient for solubilization in hydrophobic ion pairs, which restores their emission in the near-infrared (NIR) region upon the formation of the ternary aggregates. To avoid using toxic surfactants, we applied an amphiphilic polymer-oligomer poly(hexamethylene guanidine) (PHMG) as a counter-ion. Сeftriaxone was used as a model hydrophilic drug ensuring the highest fluorescent signal. The so-formed drug–counter-ion–dye aggregates were encapsulated into a cross-linked maleated chitosan carrier. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) studies have demonstrated internalization of the encapsulated model drug by breast adenocarcinoma cells at 40 min after treatment. These results suggest the potential application of hydrophobic ion pairs containing an NIR dye in imaging-guided delivery of hydrophilic compounds.

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Optical design of near infrared fluorescence confocal laser scanning system

Journal of Applied Optics ◽

10.5768/jao201536.0101006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 29-34

Author(s):

Luo Gang-yin ◽

◽

Wang Bi-dou ◽

Miao Peng ◽

Wang Lei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Optical Design ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Scanning System ◽

Near Infrared Fluorescence ◽

Laser Scanning System

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Multifunctional Magneto-Plasmonic Fe3O4/Au Nanocomposites: Approaching Magnetophoretically-Enhanced Photothermal Therapy

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11051113 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1113

Author(s):

Iuliia Mukha ◽

Oksana Chepurna ◽

Nadiia Vityuk ◽

Alina Khodko ◽

Liudmyla Storozhuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Laser Irradiation ◽

Photothermal Therapy ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Photochemical Reduction ◽

Induced Aggregation

Magneto-plasmonic nanocomposites can possess properties inherent to both individual components (iron oxide and gold nanoparticles) and are reported to demonstrate high potential in targeted drug delivery and therapy. Herein, we report on Fe3O4/Au magneto-plasmonic nanocomposites (MPNC) synthesized with the use of amino acid tryptophan via chemical and photochemical reduction of Au ions in the presence of nanosized magnetite. The magnetic field (MF) induced aggregation was accompanied by an increase in the absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region, which was demonstrated to provide an enhanced photothermal (PT) effect under NIR laser irradiation (at 808 nm). A possibility for therapeutic application of the MPNC was illustrated using cancer cells in vitro. Cultured HeLa cells were treated by MPNC in the presence of MF and without it, following laser irradiation and imaging using confocal laser scanning microscopy. After scanning laser irradiation of the MPNC/MF treated cells, a formation and rise of photothermally-induced microbubbles on the cell surfaces was observed, leading to a damage of the cell membrane and cell destruction. We conclude that the synthesized magneto-plasmonic Fe3O4/Au nanosystems exhibit magnetic field-induced reversible aggregation accompanied by an increase in NIR absorption, allowing for an opportunity to magnetophoretically control and locally enhance a NIR light-induced thermal effect, which holds high promise for the application in photothermal therapy.

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Near-infrared confocal laser scanning microscopy of bladder tissue in vivo

Urology ◽

10.1016/s0090-4295(98)00628-1 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 853-857 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Frank Koenig ◽

Salvador González ◽

W.Matthew White ◽

Michael Lein ◽

Milind Rajadhyaksha

Keyword(s):

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser Scanning ◽

Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Bladder Tissue

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High-Density Patterned Array Bonding through Void-Free Divinyl Siloxane Bis-Benzocyclobutene Bonding Process

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13213633 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 3633

Author(s):

Nam Woon Kim ◽

Hyeonjeong Choe ◽

Muhammad Ali Shah ◽

Duck-Gyu Lee ◽

Shin Hur

Keyword(s):

Near Infrared ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Crosslinking Density ◽

High Density ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Pressure Condition ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Two Factors ◽

Compressive Pressure

Divinylsiloxane-bis-benzocyclobutene (DVS-BCB) has attracted significant attention as an intermediate bonding material, owing to its excellent properties. However, its applications are limited, due to damage to peripheral devices at high curing temperatures and unoptimized compressive pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the compressive pressure condition for DVS-BCB bonding. This study demonstrates an optimization process for void-free DVS-BCB bonding. The process for obtaining void-free DVS-BCB bonding is a vacuum condition of 0.03 Torr, compressive pressure of 0.6 N/mm2, and curing temperature of 250 °C for 1 h. Herein, we define two factors affecting the DVS-BCB bonding quality through the DVS-BCB bonding mechanism. For strong DVS-BCB bonding, void-free and high-density chemical bonds are required. Therefore, we observed the DVS-BCB bonding under various compressive pressure conditions at a relatively low temperature (250 °C). The presence of voids and high-density crosslinking density was examined through near-infrared confocal laser microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared microscopy. We also evaluated the adhesion of the DVS-BCB bonding, using a universal testing machine. The results suggest that the good adhesion with no voids and high crosslinking density was obtained at the compressive pressure condition of 0.6 N/mm2. We believe that the proposed process will be of great significance for applications in semiconductor and device packaging technologies.

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Substantial near-infrared radiation-driven photosynthesis of chlorophyll f-containing cyanobacteria in a natural habitat

10.1101/750174 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Kühl ◽

Erik Trampe ◽

Maria Mosshammer ◽

Michael Johnson ◽

Anthony W. D. Larkum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infrared Radiation ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Red Light ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Oxygenic Photosynthesis ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Near Infrared Radiation ◽

Molecular Physiology

AbstractFar-red absorbing chlorophylls are constitutively present as Chl d in the cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina, or dynamically expressed by synthesis of Chl f and red-shifted phycobilins via far-red light photoacclimation in a range of cyanobacteria, which enables them to use near-infrared-radiation (NIR) for oxygenic photosynthesis. While the biochemistry and molecular physiology of Chl f-containing cyanobacteria has been unraveled in culture studies, their ecological significance remains unexplored and no data on their in situ activity exist. With a novel combination of hyperspectral imaging, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and nanoparticle-based O2 imaging, we demonstrate substantial NIR-driven oxygenic photosynthesis by endolithic, Chl f-containing cyanobacteria within natural beachrock biofilms that are widespread on (sub)tropical coastlines. This indicates an important role of NIR-driven oxygenic photosynthesis in primary production of endolithic and other shaded habitats.Impact statementCyanobacteria with chlorophyll f show substantial near-infrared radiation-driven photosynthesis in intertidal habitats.

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