scholarly journals Exogenous treatment of Arabidopsis seedlings with lyso-phospholipids for the inducible complementation of lipid mutants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 100626
Author(s):  
Matthieu Pierre Platre ◽  
Yvon Jaillais
Keyword(s):  
Exogenous Treatment

scholarly journals Exogenous treatment with salicylic acid attenuates salinity stress in lentil

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. S316
Author(s):  
N. Misra ◽  
M.S. Ansari ◽  
R. Misra
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Exogenous Treatment

Exogenous treatment with eicosapentaenoic acid supports maturation of cardiomyocytes derived from embryonic stem cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 461 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Shabani ◽  
Zaniar Ghazizadeh ◽  
Sara Pahlavan ◽  
Shiva Hashemizadeh ◽  
Hossein Baharvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Exogenous Treatment

N-Acetylphytosphingosine Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Tumor Cells by Increasing Apoptosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 277-279 ◽  
pp. 536-541
Author(s):  
Young Soo Han ◽  
Yun Hwa Kim ◽  
Yeon Sook Yun ◽  
Soo Jin Jeon ◽  
Ki Sung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Clonogenic Survival ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Human Leukemia ◽  
Apoptotic Effect ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Exogenous Treatment

Ceramides are well-known second messengers which mediate apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation in mammalian cells, but the physiological roles of phytosphingosines are poorly understood. We hypothesized that one of the phytosphingosine derivatives, N-acetylphytosphingosine (NAPS) can induce apoptosis in human leukemia Jurkat cell line and increase apoptosis in irradiated MDA-MB-231 cells. We first examined the effect of NAPS on apoptosis of Jurkat cells. NAPS had a more rapid and stronger apoptotic effect than C2-ceramide in Jurkat cells and significant increase of apoptosis was observed at 3 h after treatment. In contrast, the apoptosis induced by C2-ceramide was observed only after 16 h of treatment. NAPS induced apoptosis was mediated by caspase 3 and 8 activation and inhibited by z-VAD-fmk. Ceramide plays a pivotal role in radiation induced apoptosis. We postulated that exogenous treatment of NAPS sensitizes tumor cells to ionizing radiation, since NAPS might be used as a more effective alternative to C2-ceramide. As expected, NAPS decreased clonogenic survival of irradiated MDA-MB-231 cells dose dependently, and apoptosis of irradiated cells in the presence of NAPS was increased through the caspase activation. Taken together, NAPS is an effective apoptosis-inducing agent, which can be readily synthesized from yeast sources, and is a potent alternative to ceramide for the further study of ceramide associated signaling and the development of radiosensitizing agent.

scholarly journals Relationship between salicylic acid and resistance to mite in strawberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano T. Vilela de Resende ◽  
Rafael Matos ◽  
Douglas M. Zeffa ◽  
Leonel Vinicius Constantino ◽  
Silas M. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Parenchyma Cell ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Choice Assay ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Exogenous Treatment

Abstract The two-spotted spider mite (TSSM) Tetranychus urticae is a polyphagous pest which infests several wild and cultivated species of plants worldwide. To date, this mite is the most deleterious pest attacking the strawberry plant under a protected environment. Exogenously applied salicylic acid (SA) has been found to induce resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Morpho-anatomical changes in strawberry leaflets and TSSM preference tests were investigated in response to SA treatment. Plants grown in a greenhouse were foliar sprayed with different concentrations of SA (0 mg · L−1, 25 mg · L−1, 50 mg · L−1, 75 mg · L−1 and 100 mg · L−1). After the third application, certain parameters including the number of glandular and non-glandular trichomes, thickness of leaflet, abaxial cell wall, adaxial cell wall, palisade and lacunous parenchyma and mesophyll were measured using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Two-choice and non-choice assays were employed to verify the TSSM preference. Exogenous treatment with SA promoted morpho-anatomical changes in the following parameters, namely: thickness of the leaflets, mesophyll, lacunous and palisade parenchyma, cell wall (abaxial and adaxial) and the number of glandular and non-glandular trichomes in strawberry leaflets. In general, TSSM preferred less leaflets treated with SA compared with the control in a two-choice assay. A lesser number of TSSM eggs and live females were also recorded in leaflets treated with SA compared with the control plants in no-choice assays. The values of the number of eggs and live females correlated negatively with those obtained for the morpho-anatomical traits induced by exogenous SA.

scholarly journals Fusarium verticillioides induces maize-derived ethylene to promote virulence by engaging fungal G-protein signaling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Soon Park ◽  
Eli J Borrego ◽  
Xiquan Gao ◽  
Shawn A Christensen ◽  
Eric Schmelz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
G Protein Signaling ◽  
Protein Signaling ◽  
Fusarium Ear Rot ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Seed Colonization ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Exogenous Treatment

Seed maceration and contamination with mycotoxin fumonisin inflicted by Fusarium verticillioides is major disease of concern for maize producers world-wide. Meta-analyses of QTL for Fusarium ear rot resistance uncovered several ethylene (ET) biosynthesis and signaling genes within them, implicating ET in maize interactions with F. verticillioides. We tested this hypothesis using maize knock-out mutants of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthases, ZmACS2 and ZmACS6. Infected wild-type seed emitted five-fold higher ET levels compared to controls, whereas ET was abolished in the acs2 and acs6 single and double mutants. The mutants supported reduced fungal biomass, conidia and fumonisin content. Normal susceptibility was restored in the acs6 mutant with exogenous treatment of ET precursor, ACC. Subsequently, we showed that fungal G-protein signaling is required for virulence via induction of maize-produced ET. F. verticillioides Gβ subunit and two regulators of G-protein signaling mutants displayed reduced seed colonization and decreased ET levels. These defects were rescued by exogenous application of ACC. We concluded that pathogen-induced ET facilitates F. verticillioides colonization of seed, and in turn host ET production is manipulated via G-protein signaling of F. verticillioides to facilitate pathogenesis.

scholarly journals miPEP858/miR858-MYB3-PSK4 module regulates growth and development in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poorwa Kamal Badola ◽  
Aashish Sharma ◽  
Himanshi Gautam ◽  
Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Exogenous Treatment ◽  
Regulation Of Growth ◽  
Genome Wide Expression

Small molecules, peptides, and miRNAs are the crucial regulators of plant growth. Here, we show the importance of cross-talk between miPEP858a/miR858a and Phytosulfokine (PSK4) in regulating plant growth and development in Arabidopsis. Genome-wide expression analysis suggested modulated expression of PSK4 in miR858 mutant and overexpression, miR858OX, plants. The silencing of PSK4 in miR858OX plants compromised the growth, whereas over-expression of PSK4 in miR858 mutant rescued the developmental defects. The exogenous application of synthetic PSK4 further complemented the plant development in mutant plants. Exogenous treatment of synthetic miPEP858a in PSK4 mutant led to clathrin-mediated internalization of the peptide however did not enhance growth as in the case of wild-type plants. We also demonstrate that the MYB3 is an important molecular component participating in miPEP858a/miR858a-PSK4 module. Finally, our work highlights the signaling between miR858/miPEP858-MYB3-PSK4 in modulating the expression of key elements involved in auxin responses leading to the regulation of growth.

scholarly journals Neurotensin receptor 1 agonist provides neuroprotection in pre-diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Napatsorn Saiyasit ◽  
Titikorn Chunchai ◽  
Thidarat Jaiwongkam ◽  
Sasiwan Kerdphoo ◽  
Nattayaporn Apaijai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Neurotensin Receptor ◽  
Exogenous Treatment ◽  
Neurotensin Receptor 1

Exogenous treatment of a neurotensin receptor 1 (NTR1) agonist exerted the neuroprotection in an obese and Alzheimer’s model. However, the effects of NTR1 modulation on peripheral/hippocampal impairment and cognitive deficit following sustained HFD consumption are poorly understood. Forty rats received a normal diet (ND) or HFD for 16 weeks. At week 13, the ND group received a vehicle (n = 8). Thirty-two HFD-fed group were randomized into four subgroups (n = 8/subgroup) with a vehicle, 1 mg/kg of NTR1 agonist, 1 mg/kg of NTR antagonist, and combined treatment (NTR1 agonist-NTR antagonist) for 2 weeks, s.c. injection. Then, the cognitive tests and peripheral/hippocampal parameters were determined. Our findings demonstrated that NTR1 activator reversed obesity and attenuated metabolic impairment in pre-diabetic rats. It also alleviated hippocampal pathologies and synaptic dysplasticity, leading to deceleration or prevention of cognitive impairment progression. Therefore, NTR1 activation would be a possible novel therapy to decelerate or prevent progression of neuropathology and cognitive impairment in the pre-diabetes.

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