scholarly journals Relationship between salicylic acid and resistance to mite in strawberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano T. Vilela de Resende ◽  
Rafael Matos ◽  
Douglas M. Zeffa ◽  
Leonel Vinicius Constantino ◽  
Silas M. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Parenchyma Cell ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Choice Assay ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Exogenous Treatment

Abstract The two-spotted spider mite (TSSM) Tetranychus urticae is a polyphagous pest which infests several wild and cultivated species of plants worldwide. To date, this mite is the most deleterious pest attacking the strawberry plant under a protected environment. Exogenously applied salicylic acid (SA) has been found to induce resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Morpho-anatomical changes in strawberry leaflets and TSSM preference tests were investigated in response to SA treatment. Plants grown in a greenhouse were foliar sprayed with different concentrations of SA (0 mg · L−1, 25 mg · L−1, 50 mg · L−1, 75 mg · L−1 and 100 mg · L−1). After the third application, certain parameters including the number of glandular and non-glandular trichomes, thickness of leaflet, abaxial cell wall, adaxial cell wall, palisade and lacunous parenchyma and mesophyll were measured using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Two-choice and non-choice assays were employed to verify the TSSM preference. Exogenous treatment with SA promoted morpho-anatomical changes in the following parameters, namely: thickness of the leaflets, mesophyll, lacunous and palisade parenchyma, cell wall (abaxial and adaxial) and the number of glandular and non-glandular trichomes in strawberry leaflets. In general, TSSM preferred less leaflets treated with SA compared with the control in a two-choice assay. A lesser number of TSSM eggs and live females were also recorded in leaflets treated with SA compared with the control plants in no-choice assays. The values of the number of eggs and live females correlated negatively with those obtained for the morpho-anatomical traits induced by exogenous SA.

scholarly journals Salicylic acid treatments induce resistance to Tuta absoluta and Tetranychus urticae on tomato plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-294
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio Pulga ◽  
Juliane Maciel Henshel ◽  
Juliano Tadeu Vilela de Resende ◽  
André Ricardo Zeist ◽  
Aline Fabiana Paladini Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Wild Genotype ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tomato Pinworm ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACT This study was performed to evaluate the effect of exogenous application of salicylic acid as a resistance inducer to two-spotted spider mite and tomato pinworm on tomato genotypes. Bioassays were carried out in three commercial genotypes (‘Redenção’, ‘Giuliana’, and ‘Alambra’) and one wild genotype (Solanum habrochaites var. hirsutum, accession PI-127826). Average distance travelled by the two-spotted spider mite and number of eggs deposited over the leaflets of the genotypes were investigated. Concerning pinworm bioassay, number of eggs, leafminers on leaflet surface and percentage of leaf area consumed by leafminers were evaluated using a scanner. Furthermore, severity of attack to plants was evaluated by score scale for damages, types of lesions and attacked leaflets. Salicylic acid application induced resistance in the commercial genotypes against both pests, reducing the two-spotted spider mite and pinworm oviposition. The spider mites travelled shorter distance on leaflets of genotypes treated with salicylic acid at intermediate concentrations, indicating a positive effect of substance as inducing resistance. Attack severity by pinworm was also reduced when intermediate doses of salicylic acid were applied. Also, higher resistance was observed on accession PI-127826 as compared to other genotypes. The obtained results indicate that the resistance of PI-127826 was due to constitutive defense, whereas on commercial genotypes defense was dependent on responses mediated by salicylic acid. Hence, salicylic acid treatment, as resistance inducer, seems to be efficient against two-spotted spider mite and pinworm, being a promising tool within an integrated pest management on tomato plants.

Ultrastructure of parenchyma cell wall in bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) culms

Cellulose ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (13) ◽  
pp. 7321-7329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caiping Lian ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
Shuqin Zhang ◽  
Jing Yuan ◽  
Junji Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Parenchyma Cell ◽  
Phyllostachys Edulis ◽  
Parenchyma Cell Wall

scholarly journals Astringency in ʻGiomboʼ persimmon and its relationship with the harvest time

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 646-652
Author(s):  
Magda Andréia Tessmer ◽  
Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória ◽  
Ricardo Alfredo Kluge
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Parenchyma Cell ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Ethanol Exposure ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Parenchyma Cell Wall

ABSTRACT ʻGiomboʼ is one of most cultivated persimmon cultivars in Brazil. It is a late-harvest cultivar and requires treatment for astringency removal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of ethanol and the effect of harvest time on reducing astringency, physicochemical and anatomical characteristics of 'Giombo' persimmon. Two experiments were carried out, one in each growing season, with five treatments corresponding to exposure to 1.70 mL kg-1ethanol for 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours. At the end of the growing season (2011) the fruits achieved the astringency index and levels of soluble tannins suitable for consumption in 24 hours, and at the beginning of the growing season (2012) in 36 hours, indicating that the efficiency of the treatment is related to harvest time and ethanol exposure time. Astringency removal with ethanol affects the cell structure with accumulation of substances inside the cells and in intercellular spaces, resulting in the degradation of the parenchyma cell wall. To avoid such damage and maintain fruit quality, it is recommended the combination of low ethanol doses with less ethanol exposure time.

scholarly journals Exogenous treatment with salicylic acid attenuates salinity stress in lentil

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. S316
Author(s):  
N. Misra ◽  
M.S. Ansari ◽  
R. Misra
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Exogenous Treatment

scholarly journals Formation of flavone-based wooly fibres by glandular trichomes of Dionysia tapetodes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Bourdon ◽  
Josephine Gaynord ◽  
Karin Müller ◽  
Gareth Evans ◽  
Simon Wallis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Thread Formation ◽  
Flavone Derivatives ◽  
Chemical Techniques ◽  
Surface Covering ◽  
Membrane Cell ◽  
Putative Mechanism

AbstractDionysia tapetodes, a small cushion-forming mountainous evergreen in the Primulaceae, possesses a vast surface-covering of long silky fibres forming the characteristic “wooly” farina. This contrasts with some related Primula which instead possess a powdery farina. Using a combination of cell biology and analytical chemical techniques, we provide a detailed insight of wooly farina formation by glandular trichomes that produce a mixture of flavone and substituted flavone derivatives, including hydroxyflavones. Conversely, our analysis show that the powdery form consist almost entirely of flavone. The wooly farina in D. tapetodes is extruded through specific sites at the surface of the glandular head cell, characterised by a small complete gap in the plasma membrane, cell wall and cuticle. The data is consistent with formation and thread elongation occurring from within the cell. The putative mechanism of wool thread formation and its stability is discussed.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Biochemical and Morphological Characters Associated with Two-spotted Spider Mite Resistance in Pelargonium ×hortorum

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Grazzini ◽  
Donald Walters ◽  
Jody Harmon ◽  
David J. Hesk ◽  
Diana Cox-Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Trichome Density ◽  
Anacardic Acids ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Diploid zonal geraniums (Pelargonium ×hortorum) are able to resist attack by small arthropod pests such as the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) when exudate produced by tall glandular trichomes contains a high percentage of ω5-unsaturated anacardic acids. Trichomes of susceptible plants exude primarily saturated anacardic acids. Inbred mite-resistant and -susceptible geraniums were reciprocally crossed and the F1, F2, and backcross generations were examined for anacardic acid composition and trichome density. Selected F2 plants were bioassayed for resistance to two-spotted spider mites. High concentrations of ω5-unsaturated anacardic acids in resistant plants are conditioned by a single dominant allele. We propose that inheritance of tall glandular trichome density can be controlled by a small number of loci (possibly as few as one) exhibiting codominance. F2, with low densities of tall glandular trichomes and producing ω5-unsaturated anacardic acids, displayed effective resistance to two-spotted spider mites as measured by mite mortality and fecundity. A genetic model for the biosynthesis of anacardic acids is proposed.

Effects of graft copolymer of chitosan and salicylic acid on reducing rot of postharvest fruit and retarding cell wall degradation in grapefruit during storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengjun Shi ◽  
Haiyan Yang ◽  
Junying Jiao ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Yanyuan Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Graft Copolymer ◽  
Cell Wall Degradation

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Two-spotted Spider Mite and Glandular Leaf Trichomes in Wild Tomato Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (Jusl.) Mill.

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Fernández-Muñoz ◽  
María Salinas ◽  
Marta Álvarez ◽  
Jesús Cuartero
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Lycopersicon Pimpinellifolium ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Mite Reproduction ◽  
Interplot Interference ◽  
Inheritance Mode ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Susceptible Tomato ◽  
Plant Capacity

Genetics of resistance to Tetranychus urticae Koch and of glandular trichomes of Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium accession TO-937 in a cross between susceptible L. esculentum Mill. `Moneymaker' and resistant TO-937 was studied in a greenhouse experiment. Parents, F1, F2, and two BC1 generations, interspersed with susceptible tomato plants to avoid negative interplot interference, were artificially infested. Mite susceptibility was evaluated by a rating based on plant capacity to support mite reproduction. TO-937, BC1 to TO-937, and F1 were resistant, `Moneymaker' susceptible, and the F2 and the BC1 to `Moneymaker' segregated. Resistance was controlled by a single dominant major locus, but modulated by unknown minor loci. TO-937 presented type IV glandular trichomes, their presence governed by two dominant unlinked loci. Type IV trichome density correlated to resistance; however, a causal relationship between type IV trichomes and mite resistance could not be definitively established. The relatively simple inheritance mode will favor successful introgression of resistance into commercial tomatoes from the close relative L. pimpinellifolium.

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