scholarly journals From tumour perfusion to drug delivery and clinical translation of in silico cancer models

Methods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrianthi Hadjicharalambous ◽  
Peter A. Wijeratne ◽  
Vasileios Vavourakis
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Tumour Perfusion ◽  
Cancer Models

Recent In Vitro and In Silico Advances in the Understanding of Intranasal Drug Delivery

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Chen ◽  
Andrew Martin ◽  
Warren H. Finlay
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Intranasal Drug Delivery ◽  
Nasal Sprays ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Drug Delivery Devices

Background: Many drugs are delivered intranasally for local or systemic effect, typically in the form of droplets or aerosols. Because of the high cost of in vivo studies, drug developers and researchers often turn to in vitro or in silico testing when first evaluating the behavior and properties of intranasal drug delivery devices and formulations. Recent advances in manufacturing and computer technologies have allowed for increasingly realistic and sophisticated in vitro and in silico reconstructions of the human nasal airways. Objective: To perform a summary of advances in understanding of intranasal drug delivery based on recent in vitro and in silico studies. Conclusion: The turbinates are a common target for local drug delivery applications, and while nasal sprays are able to reach this region, there is currently no broad consensus across the in vitro and in silico literature concerning optimal parameters for device design, formulation properties and patient technique which would maximize turbinate deposition. Nebulizers are able to more easily target the turbinates, but come with the disadvantage of significant lung deposition. Targeting of the olfactory region of the nasal cavity has been explored for potential treatment of central nervous system conditions. Conventional intranasal devices, such as nasal sprays and nebulizers, deliver very little dose to the olfactory region. Recent progress in our understanding of intranasal delivery will be useful in the development of the next generation of intranasal drug delivery devices.

Nanoscale Drug Delivery Systems for Glaucoma: Experimental and In Silico Advances

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smriti Sharma ◽  
Vinayak Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Ocular Drug Delivery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Blood Retinal Barrier ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Blood Aqueous Barrier

: In this review nanoscale based drug delivery systems particularly in relevance to the antiglaucoma drugs have been discussed. In addition to that, the latest computational/in silico advances in this field are examined in brief. Using nanoscale materials for drug delivery, is an ideal option to target tumours and drug can be released at areas of the body where traditional drugs may fail to act. Nanoparticles, polymeric nanomaterials, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), quantum dots (QDs), liposomes and graphene are the most important nanomaterials used for drug delivery. Ocular drug delivery is one of the most common and difficult tasks faced by pharmaceutical scientists because of many challenges like circumventing the blood–retinal barrier, corneal epithelium and the blood–aqueous barrier. Authors found compelling empirical evidence of scientists relying on in-silico approaches to develop novel drugs and drug delivery systems for treating glaucoma. This review in nanoscale drug delivery systems will help us in understand the existing queries and evidence gaps and will pave way for effective design of novel ocular drug delivery systems

scholarly journals Near-Infrared-Triggered Upconverting Nanoparticles for Biomedicine Applications

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 756
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Mahata ◽  
Ranjit De ◽  
Kang Taek Lee
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Nanotechnology Research ◽  
Nir Light

Due to the unique properties of lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNP) under near-infrared (NIR) light, the last decade has shown a sharp progress in their biomedicine applications. Advances in the techniques for polymer, dye, and bio-molecule conjugation on the surface of the nanoparticles has further expanded their dynamic opportunities for optogenetics, oncotherapy and bioimaging. In this account, considering the primary benefits such as the absence of photobleaching, photoblinking, and autofluorescence of UCNPs not only facilitate the construction of accurate, sensitive and multifunctional nanoprobes, but also improve therapeutic and diagnostic results. We introduce, with the basic knowledge of upconversion, unique properties of UCNPs and the mechanisms involved in photon upconversion and discuss how UCNPs can be implemented in biological practices. In this focused review, we categorize the applications of UCNP-based various strategies into the following domains: neuromodulation, immunotherapy, drug delivery, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, bioimaging and biosensing. Herein, we also discuss the current emerging bioapplications with cutting edge nano-/biointerfacing of UCNPs. Finally, this review provides concluding remarks on future opportunities and challenges on clinical translation of UCNPs-based nanotechnology research.

In vitro and in silico investigations of drug delivery via zeolite BEA

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios G. Fatouros ◽  
Dennis Douroumis ◽  
Vladimiros Nikolakis ◽  
Spyridon Ntais ◽  
Anastasia Maria Moschovi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
In Silico

Polymeric micelles as drug delivery systems in cancer: challenges and opportunities

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Tweetable abstract Micelles are nanocarriers for hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drugs. This editorial discusses the current status of preclinical micellar research and sheds light on the possibility of their clinical translation.

scholarly journals Ultrasound-Mediated Drug Delivery With a Clinical Ultrasound System: In Vitro Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josanne S. de Maar ◽  
Charis Rousou ◽  
Benjamin van Elburg ◽  
Hendrik J. Vos ◽  
Guillaume P.R. Lajoinie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Drug Uptake ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Hydrophilic Drug ◽  
Ultrasound System ◽  
Fadu Cells ◽  
Set Up

Chemotherapy efficacy is often reduced by insufficient drug uptake in tumor cells. The combination of ultrasound and microbubbles (USMB) has been shown to improve drug delivery and to enhance the efficacy of several drugs in vitro and in vivo, through effects collectively known as sonopermeation. However, clinical translation of USMB therapy is hampered by the large variety of (non-clinical) US set-ups and US parameters that are used in these studies, which are not easily translated to clinical practice. In order to facilitate clinical translation, the aim of this study was to prove that USMB therapy using a clinical ultrasound system (Philips iU22) in combination with clinically approved microbubbles (SonoVue) leads to efficient in vitro sonopermeation. To this end, we measured the efficacy of USMB therapy for different US probes (S5-1, C5-1 and C9-4) and US parameters in FaDu cells. The US probe with the lowest central frequency (i.e. 1.6 MHz for S5-1) showed the highest USMB-induced intracellular uptake of the fluorescent dye SYTOX™ Green (SG). These SG uptake levels were comparable to or even higher than those obtained with a custom-built US system with optimized US parameters. Moreover, USMB therapy with both the clinical and the custom-built US system increased the cytotoxicity of the hydrophilic drug bleomycin. Our results demonstrate that a clinical US system can be used to perform USMB therapy as efficiently as a single-element transducer set-up with optimized US parameters. Therefore, future trials could be based on these clinical US systems, including validated US parameters, in order to accelerate successful translation of USMB therapy.

scholarly journals In silico tumor growth validation based on human brain cancer models

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Μαριάμ-Ελένη Ωραιοπούλου
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Cancer Models

Το Γλοιοβλάστωμα (ΓΒ) συνιστά τον πιο κακοήθη και επιθετικό καρκίνο του εγκεφάλου και μέχρι σήμερα, δε θεωρείται ιάσιμη ασθένεια. Ένα διεπιστημονικό πλαίσιο που ολοκληρώνει τόσο τη Βασική όσο και τη Μεταφραστική έρευνα παρουσιάζεται στοχεύοντας στην επαλήθευση υπολογιστικών προβλέψεων για την ανάπτυξη του ΓΒ. Εξατομικευμένες κυτταροκαλλιέργειες εγκαθιδρύθηκαν ανά ασθενή που συνδυάστηκαν σε πειραματικές διεργασίες σε σχέση με παθοφυσιολογικούς παράγοντες του ΓΒ και ακολούθως, προβλεπτικοί αλγόριθμοι παραμετροποιήθηκαν, αρχικοποιήθηκαν και επαληθεύθηκαν, ανάλογα. Επικεντρωνόμενοι αρχικά στον κυτταρικό πολλαπλασιασμό, η συνδυαστική in vitro-in silico προσέγγιση υποστήριξε ότι η ετερογένεια εντός του όγκου μαζί με το συνολικό πολλαπλασιασμό που αντανακλώνται τόσο στο ρυθμό πολλαπλασιασμού όσο και στη μηχανική κυτταρική αναστολή λόγω επαφής, δύνανται να προβλέψουν την εργαστηριακή εξέλιξη των διάφορων κυτταροσειρών ΓΒ που μεγαλώνουν υπό τις ίδιες 3Δ συνθήκες.Παρουσιάσαμε ότι τα πρωτογενή σφαιρίδια υιοθέτησαν ένα νέο, συνεκτικό μοτίβο που φαίνεται να μιμείται την περιαγγειακή διήθηση στον εγκέφαλο, ενώ τα U87MG και τα T98G σφαιρίδια υιοθετούν το τυπικό, ακτινωτό, διηθητικό μοτίβο. Η προτεινόμενη μαθηματική προσέγγιση δεικνύει ότι επιτρέποντας φαινοτυπική ετερογένεια στον καρκινικό πληθυσμό είναι ικανό ώστε να αναδειχτούν διάφορες διηθητικές μορφολογίες.Η επικουρική χημειοθεραπεία κατά του ΓΒ περιλαμβάνει την Τεμοζολαμίδη (ΤΜΖ)- ωστόσο, δεν είναι όλοι οι ασθενείς ευαίσθητοι. Οι πιο πρόσφατες κλινικές μελέτες του ΓΒ συχνά αναφέρονται στη Δοξορουμπικίνη (ΔΟΞ)- ωστόσο, είναι αδύνατο να περάσει επαρκώς τον αιματεγκεφαλικό φραγμό. Ένα εύρος συγκεντρώσεων ΤΜΖ και ΔΟΞ χρησιμοποιήθηκαν σε πρωτογενή σφαιρίδια. Οι αποτελεσματικές συγκεντρώσεις της ΔΟΞ και της ΤΜΖ διαφοροποιήθηκαν κατά τέσσερις τάξεις μεγέθους. Χρησιμοποιήσαμε Απεικόνιση Λεπτής Δέσμης Φθορισμού ώστε να οπτικοποιήσουμε τη διείσδυση του φαρμάκου και τη νέκρωση. Η ΔΟΞ ήταν ικανή να προκαλέσει νέκρωση με σωρευτικό τρόπο. Στα ΤΜΖ-σφαιρίδια, μη σημαντικά ανασταλτικά αυξητικά φαινόμενα παρατηρήθηκαν σε μη συστηματικό δοσοεξαρτώμενο τρόπο. Έχουμε ενδείξεις για ένα θεραπευτικό σχήμα που συνδυάζει ΤΜΖ-ΔΟΞ. Ένα εργαστηριακό εργαλείο διαλογής φαρμάκων προτάθηκε και επιπλέον, προτείνουμε σε επόμενο στάδιο να επεκτείνουμε αυτές τις παρατηρήσεις στο υβριδικό διακριτό-συνεχές υπολογιστικό μοντέλο.Συγκεντρωτικά, ισχυριζόμαστε πως η μελλοντική έρευνα οφείλει να βασίζεται σε πρωτογενή κύτταρα και οι κοινές κυτταροσειρές θα πρέπει να εξυπηρετούν μόνο ως σημεία αναφοράς. Τα υπολογιστικά μοντέλα μπορούν να εξυπηρετήσουν ως προβλεπτικά εργαλεία όχι μόνο της καρκινικής εξέλιξης, αλλά και του σχεδιασμού στοχευμένων βιολογικών πειραμάτων και να επιτρέψουν την καλύτερη κατανόηση των εμπλεκόμενων βιολογικών φαινομένων. Οι προσομοιώσεις της καρκινικής εξέλιξης δεν πρέπει πλέον να εξαρτώνται από θεωρητικές τιμές, ιδίως όσον αφορά την κλινική μεταφραστικότητα.

Exosomes separated based on the “STOP” criteria for tumor-targeted drug delivery

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (18) ◽  
pp. 2758-2768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongzhao Qi ◽  
Lijun Yang ◽  
Xueping Li ◽  
Qi Zhan ◽  
Donglin Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Delivery Vehicle ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicle ◽  
Related Drug ◽  
Targeted Drug

A new exosome-related drug delivery vehicle was explored based on the “STOP” criteria, dramatically promoting the clinical translation of exosomes.

In silico-driven identification of novel molluscicides effective against Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (39) ◽  
pp. 16948-16958
Author(s):  
Daniela Braz dos Santos ◽  
José Teófilo Moreira-Filho ◽  
Amanda de Oliveira Melo ◽  
Josiel Araújo Lemes ◽  
Luciana Damacena Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Schistosomiasis Control ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Transmission Of Disease

Schistosomiasis control in endemic areas depends on several factors, including mass drug delivery programs and interrupting the transmission of disease by controlling the intermediate host snails in the freshwater ecosystem using molluscicides.

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