Genome-wide SNPs resolve phylogenetic relationships in the North American spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) species complex

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 158-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Dupuis ◽  
B.M.T. Brunet ◽  
H.M. Bird ◽  
L.M. Lumley ◽  
G. Fagua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
The North ◽  
Genome Wide

The North American Aegeriidae (Lepidoptera): A Revision Based on Late-Instar Larvae

1968 ◽  
Vol 100 (S58) ◽  
pp. 5-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Rae MacKay
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The North ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Five Tribes

AbstractThe North American Aegeriidae are revised on the basis of the study of late-instar larvae of about 60 species. These species represent 20 genera in five tribes in two subfamilies: Bembeciini, Zenodoxini, Aegeriini and Melittiini in Zenodoxinae and Synanthedontini in Synanthedontinae. The presently recognized genera, Ramosia Engelhardt, Conopia Hübner and Thamnosphecia Spuler are reduced to synonyms of Synanthedon Hübner. Three new genera are defined by larval characters but are referred to only as Genera I, II and III. Larval characters for most of the species are discussed and illustrated; keys to species, genera and tribes are provided. Tribes, genera and most species are arranged in the text as nearly as possible according to their phylogenetic relationships as suggested by the larvae.

scholarly journals Genome-wide sequence-based genotyping supports a nonhybrid origin of Castanea alabamensis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Taylor Perkins ◽  
Tetyana Zhebentyayeva ◽  
Paul H. Sisco ◽  
J. Hill Craddock
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Putative Hybrid ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
The North ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Conservation Concern

AbstractThe genus Castanea in North America contains multiple tree and shrub taxa of conservation concern. The two species within the group, American chestnut (Castanea dentata) and chinquapin (C. pumila sensu lato), display remarkable morphological diversity across their distributions in the eastern United States and southern Ontario. Previous investigators have hypothesized that hybridization between C. dentata and C. pumila has played an important role in generating morphological variation in wild populations. A putative hybrid taxon, Castanea alabamensis, was identified in northern Alabama in the early 20th century; however, the question of its hybridity has been unresolved. We tested the hypothesized hybrid origin of C. alabamensis using genome-wide sequence-based genotyping of C. alabamensis, all currently recognized North American Castanea taxa, and two Asian Castanea species at >100,000 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. With these data, we generated a high-resolution phylogeny, tested for admixture among taxa, and analyzed population genetic structure of the study taxa. Bayesian clustering and principal components analysis provided no evidence of admixture between C. dentata and C. pumila in C. alabamensis genomes. Phylogenetic analysis of genome-wide SNP data indicated that C. alabamensis forms a distinct group within C. pumila sensu lato. Our results are consistent with the model of a nonhybrid origin for C. alabamensis. Our finding of C. alabamensis as a genetically and morphologically distinct group within the North American chinquapin complex provides further impetus for the study and conservation of the North American Castanea species.

Descriptions of four new species of the Ambrysus signoreti Stål species complex (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha: Naucoridae

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4615 (2) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
DANIEL REYNOSO-VELASCO ◽  
ROBERT W. SITES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
The North ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Multiple Species

The genus Ambrysus Stål is the most species rich genus of Naucoridae. Multiple species groups in the genus have been proposed, including the North American Ambrysus signoreti Stål complex. Four new species belonging to the A. signoreti complex are described and illustrated: three from Mexico (Ambrysus brailovskyi Reynoso & Sites n. sp., A. henryi Reynoso & Sites n. sp., A. schuhi Reynoso & Sites n. sp.) and one from Mexico and Guatemala (A. sitesi Reynoso n. sp.), bringing the total number of described species of Ambrysus to 97. 

The Caloplaca crenulatella species complex; its intricate taxonomy and description of a new species

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan VONDRÁK ◽  
Pavel ŘÍHA ◽  
Olexii REDCHENKO ◽  
Olga VONDRÁKOVÁ ◽  
Pavel HROUZEK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
European Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Its Nrdna ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Distinctive Phenotype

AbstractThe Caloplaca crenulatella species complex is monophyletic, based on analysis of ITS nrDNA sequences. It is characterized mainly by its ascospores and a simplified thallus. Caloplaca aquensis, C. borysthenica, C. interfulgens, C. lactea, C. marmorata and C. tominii represent well-defined monophyletic lineages within it. Caloplaca diffusa, described here as a new species, is a well-supported lineage with a distinctive phenotype. Caloplaca crenulatella s. lat. and C. ferrarii s. lat. are heterogeneous taxa appearing in four and two places respectively within our tree. Caloplaca ochracea also belongs to the group, although it has different ascospore characters. Caloplaca gyalolechiaeformis and C. pseudocitrina are later synonyms of C. tominii. Arctic and North American sorediate specimens morphologically very close to C. tominii represent a separate lineage recently recognized as C. erichansenii. The North American Caloplaca nashii has a C. crenulatella-like phenotype but does not belong to the C. crenulatella complex. The identities of Caloplaca lacteoides and Caloplaca epigaea are not clear, but the latter may be a terricolous ecotype of one of the entities within C. crenulatella s. lat. A key to the European species of the group is provided.

scholarly journals Interactions between natural selection and recombination shape the genomic landscape of introgression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Duranton ◽  
John Pool
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
African Ancestry ◽  
North American Population ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
The North ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Landscape ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Genomic Patterns

AbstractHybridization between lineages that have not reached complete reproductive isolation appears more and more like a common phenomenon. Indeed, speciation genomics studies have now extensively shown that many species’ genomes have hybrid ancestry. However, genomic patterns of introgression are often heterogeneous across the genome. In many organisms, a positive correlation between introgression levels and recombination rate has been observed. It is usually explained by the purging of deleterious introgressed material due to incompatibilities. However, the opposite relationship was observed in a North American population of Drosophila melanogaster with admixed European and African ancestry. In order to explore how directional and epistatic selection can impact the relationship between introgression and recombination, we performed forward simulations of whole D. melanogaster genomes reflecting the North American population’s history. Our results revealed that the simplest models of positive selection often yield negative correlations between introgression and recombination such as the one observed in D. melanogaster. We also confirmed that incompatibilities tend to produce positive introgression-recombination correlations. And yet, we identify parameter space under each model where the predicted correlation is reversed. These findings deepen our understanding of the evolutionary forces that may shape patterns of ancestry across genomes, and they strengthen the foundation for future studies aimed at estimating genome-wide parameters of selection in admixed populations.

The influence of forest composition and climate on outbreak characteristics of the spruce budworm in eastern Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1181-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
The North ◽  
Average Change ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

The spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens) is perhaps the single most important disturbance agent in Canada’s eastern forests. Climate and forest composition are dominant factors in spruce budworm outbreak dynamics through their direct influences on the pest, its natural enemies, and its hosts, and through their influence on the multitrophic interactions that are important in outbreak dynamics. A combination of four climate variables, three forest composition variables, and one location variable explained 60% of the multivariate variability in outbreak characteristics (duration and severity) in eastern Canada. Outbreak duration was most strongly influenced by April–May accumulation of degree-days; outbreak severity was most strongly influenced by the extreme maximum temperatures of April–May. The basal area of balsam fir had a stronger influence than that of black spruce on duration and on severity. Both outbreak characteristics declined in more northerly locations. Under a projected future (2011–2040) climate scenario the largest increases in outbreak duration and severity are predicted to occur on the Gaspé Peninsula and the north shore of the St. Lawrence River (Quebec). The largest decreases in duration and severity are predicted to occur in southern Ontario and along the Bay of Fundy in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. The predicted average change in outbreak duration is around –1.3 years. The predicted average change in outbreak severity is only slightly different from zero (around –1.5% defoliation).

Phylogenetic evaluation of systematics and biogeography of the leech family Glossiphoniidae

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Siddall ◽  
Rebecca B. Budinoff ◽  
Elizabeth Borda
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
North American ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
The North ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts ◽  
High Degree

The phylogenetic relationships of Glossiphoniidae, a leech family characterised by its high degree of parental care, were investigated with the combined use of morphological data and three molecular datasets. There was strong support for monophyly of most accepted genera in the group, many of which are consistent with eyespot morphology. The genera Desserobdella Barta & Sawyer, 1990 and Oligobdella Moore, 1918 are suppressed as junior synonyms of Placobdella Blanchard, 1893 and thus recognising each of Placobdella picta (Verrill, 1872) Moore, 1906, Placobdella phalera (Graf, 1899) Moore, 1906, and Placobdella biannulata (Moore, 1900), comb. nov. The species Glossiphonia elegans (Verrill, 1872) Castle, 1900 and Helobdella modesta (Verrill, 1872), comb. nov. are resurrected for the North American counterparts to European non-sanguivorous species. Glossphonia baicalensis (Stschegolew, 1922), comb. nov. is removed from the genus Torix Blanchard 1898 and Alboglossiphonia quadrata (Moore, 1949) Sawyer, 1986 is removed from the genus Hemiclepsis Vejdovsky, 1884. The biogeographic implications of the phylogenetic hypothesis are evaluated in the context of what is already known for vertebrate hosts and Tertiary continental arrangements.

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