281 Humanization of Germ-Free Mice With Alcoholic Cirrhotic Microbiota, but Not Healthy Microbiota, Induces Bacterial Translocation and a Pro-Inflammatory Milieu, Which Is Ameliorated With Lactobacillus GG

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. S-975-S-976
Author(s):  
Daejoong Kang ◽  
Phillip Hylemon ◽  
R. Balfour Sartor ◽  
Genta Kakiyama ◽  
Patrick M. Gillevet ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2002
Author(s):  
Alla Splichalova ◽  
Radko Pechar ◽  
Jiri Killer ◽  
Zdislava Splichalova ◽  
Vera Neuzil Bunesova ◽  
...  

Non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars are worldwide spread foodborne pathogens that cause diarrhea in humans and animals. Colonization of gnotobiotic piglet intestine with porcine indigenous mucinolytic Bifidobacterium boum RP36 strain and non-mucinolytic strain RP37 and their interference with Salmonella Typhimurium infection were compared. Bacterial interferences and impact on the host were evaluated by clinical signs of salmonellosis, bacterial translocation, goblet cell count, mRNA expression of mucin 2, villin, claudin-1, claudin-2, and occludin in the ileum and colon, and plasmatic levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10. Both bifidobacterial strains colonized the intestine comparably. Neither RP36 nor RP37 B. boum strains effectively suppressed signs of salmonellosis. Both B. boum strains suppressed the growth of S. Typhimurium in the ileum and colon. The mucinolytic RP36 strain increased the translocation of S. Typhimurium into the blood, liver, and spleen.


Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Alla Splichalova ◽  
Sharon M. Donovan ◽  
Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova ◽  
Zbynek Stranak ◽  
Zdislava Splichalova ◽  
...  

Preterm germ-free piglets were monoassociated with probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 (BB12) to verify its safety and to investigate possible protection against subsequent infection with Salmonella Typhimurium strain LT2 (LT2). Clinical signs of salmonellosis, bacterial colonization in the intestine, bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), blood, liver, spleen, and lungs, histopathological changes in the ileum, claudin-1 and occludin mRNA expression in the ileum and colon, intestinal and plasma concentrations of IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10 were evaluated. Both BB12 and LT2 colonized the intestine of the monoassociated piglets. BB12 did not translocate in the BB12-monoassociated piglets. BB12 was detected in some cases in the MLN of piglets, consequently infected with LT2, but reduced LT2 counts in the ileum and liver of these piglets. LT2 damaged the luminal structure of the ileum, but a previous association with BB12 mildly alleviated these changes. LT2 infection upregulated claudin-1 mRNA in the ileum and colon and downregulated occludin mRNA in the colon. Infection with LT2 increased levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the intestine and plasma, and BB12 mildly downregulated them compared to LT2 alone. Despite reductions in bacterial translocation and inflammatory cytokines, clinical signs of LT2 infection were not significantly affected by the probiotic BB12. Thus, we hypothesize that multistrain bacterial colonization of preterm gnotobiotic piglets may be needed to enhance the protective effect against the infection with S. Typhimurium LT2.


1976 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
pp. 1238-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Plaut
Keyword(s):  

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (02) ◽  
pp. 726-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utako Okamoto ◽  
Jun-ichiro Yamamoto ◽  
Yoko Nagamatsu ◽  
Noboru Horie

SummaryProtease-like activity which split plasminogen-free fibrin was demonstrated in 2 M KSCN extracts of the lung and spleen of conventional rats. The activity was virtually undetectable in tissue extracts from germ-free rats. The extracts from the conventional rat tissues split fibrin and fibrinogen remarkably at neutral pH, but not casein, when examined using fibrin, fibrinogen-agar and casein-agar plates. The fibrinolytic activity was inhibited by STI and DFP, indicating a serine protease nature. The activity was not inhibited by TLCK, t-AMCHA or dansyl-L-arginine-methylpiperidine amide (a selective synthetic thrombin inhibitor, OM189). It was neither activated nor inhibited by cysteine, KCN or iodoacetic acid. The results obtained indicate that the protease-like activity of the lung and spleen extracted with 2 M KSCN from conventional rats has properties which differ from those of trypsin, plasmin, plasminogen-activator, thrombin, and cathepsin A, B and C.


2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Cardona ◽  
Elisabeth Norin ◽  
Tore Midtvedt

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