05/01364 Quantifying residential PV economics in the US-payback vs cash flow determination of fair energy value

Background: Conivaptan inhibits two of vasopressin receptor (vasopressin receptor V1a and V2). Conivaptan is used for the treatment of hyponatremia, and in some instances, for the treatment of the heart failure. Methods: The present study aimed to develop a simple, sensitive, and accurate HPLC with ultraviolet detection for the assay of conivaptan (CON) in mouse plasma using bisoprolol as internal standard (IS). A precipitation procedure was used to extract CON and the IS from the mouse plasma. CON was chromatographically separated using a C18 analytical column at 25°C. The separation was carried out using a mixture of phosphate buffer (50 mM): acetonitrile (60: 40, v/v, pH 4.5) with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection was performed at 240 nm. Results: The assay was validated according to the US Food and Drug (FDA) guidelines. The method demonstrated linearity over a concentration range of 150 - 2000 ng/mL (correlation coefficient: r 2 = 0.9985). The mean recovery of CON from the mouse plasma was 101.13%. All validation parameters for CON were within the acceptable range. Conclusion: The investigated method has been shown to be suitable for estimating the CON in plasma samples, and this method is sensitive and highly selective, allowing the estimation of its concentrations up to the nano-scale. The suggested method was successfully used in a pharmacokinetic study of CON in mouse plasma.

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Determination of energy value and ash-sulfur content of clean fuel obtained from lignite carbonization at different heating rates

Energy Sources Part A Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects ◽

10.1080/15567036.2021.2021331 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Aydan Aksoğan Korkmaz

Keyword(s):

Sulfur Content ◽

Heating Rates ◽

Clean Fuel ◽

Energy Value

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Methods for predicting the energy value of pet foods

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982009001300001 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 38 (spe) ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Carlos Castrillo ◽

Marta Hervera ◽

Maria Dolores Baucells

Keyword(s):

Near Infrared ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Near Infrared Reflectance ◽

Energy Value ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Accuracy Of Prediction

The energy value of foods as well as energy requirements of dogs and cats is currently expressed in terms of metabolizable energy (ME). The determination of ME content of foods requires experimental animals and is too expensive and time consuming to be used routinely. Consequently, different indirect methods have been proposed in order to estimate as reliably an accurately as possible the ME content of pet food. This work analyses the main approaches proposed to date to estimate the ME content of foods for cats and dogs. The former method proposed by the NRC estimates the ME content of pet foods from proximal chemical analysis using the modified Atwater factors, assuming constant apparent digestibility coefficients for each analytical fraction. Modified Atwater factors systematically underestimate the ME content of low-fibre foods whereas they overestimate those that are high in fibre. Recently, different equations have been proposed for dogs and cats based in the estimation of apparent digestibility of energy by the crude fibre content, which improve the accuracy of prediction. In any case, whatever the method of analysis used, differences in energy digestibility related with food processing and fibre digestibility are unlikely to be accounted for. A simple in vitro enzymatic method has been recently proposed based in the close relationship that exist between energy digestibility and organic matter disappearance after two consecutive enzymatic (pepsin-pancreatin) incubation of food sample. Nutrient composition and energy value of pet foods can be also accurately and simultaneously predicted using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS).

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The Future of Turkey - United States Relations

Jurnal ICMES ◽

10.35748/jurnalicmes.v2i2.24 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 179-196

Author(s):

Firmanda Taufiq

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Economic Interests ◽

The Us ◽

The Future ◽

Foreign Policies ◽

The Government ◽

The Cold War ◽

Role Of The Government

Throughout 2018, relations between Turkey and the United States seemed to deteriorate. The leaders of the two countries issued sharp diplomatic statements and the US even imposed economic sanctions on Turkey. This article aims to analyze how the future of relations between Turkey and the United States. Cooperation between the two has a long historical side after the Cold War. Relations between the two countries are based on various interests, both economic, political, military and security interests. The theory used in this study is the theory of national interest. The US has great interests in the Middle East and Turkey is the front-line ally in achieving those interests. However, there are many US foreign policies that ignore the Turkish concern and create tensions between the two countries. On the contrary, Turkey also has considerable economic interests, but the role of the government elite (in this case, President Erdogan) has a significant influence in the determination of Turkish foreign policy. The findings of this study, although it will go through complex challenges and processes, the US and Turkey will continue to maintain their relations.

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Afterword Quilting the Black-Eyed Pea

To Turn the Whole World Over ◽

10.5622/illinois/9780252042317.003.0013 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 257-272

Author(s):

Michael O. West

Keyword(s):

Social Contract ◽

The United States ◽

The Self ◽

Declaration Of Independence ◽

The Social ◽

The Us ◽

The Republic ◽

To Come ◽

A Charge

It is a truism that black folk in the United States are an international people. From the beginning of the republic, they were compelled by force of domestic (national) circumstances to internationalize their struggle for liberation, the founders having excluded them from the US social contract. The initial affidavit of exclusion is right there in the inaugural document of the social contract, the Declaration of Independence, which, ever so cryptically, damned the king of England for having “excited domestic insurrections amongst us.” This was an attack on the self-emancipatory activities of the enslaved descendants of Africa, who were exploiting the chaos caused by the anticolonial rebellion to claim their freedom, sometimes in cahoots with the British colonialists. Unable or unwilling to confront their own contradictions, the authors of the Declaration of Independence condemned the self-determination of the slaves as the doing of outside agitators, a charge that would be hurled at African American movements and activists for generations to come—up to the present time, in fact....

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Origins of Marine Corps Aviation

Biplanes at War ◽

10.5810/kentucky/9780813177045.003.0002 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 23-60

Author(s):

Wray R. Johnson ◽

Wray R. Johnson

Keyword(s):

World War I ◽

Marine Corps ◽

World War ◽

Small Wars ◽

The Us

This chapter explores the advent of aviation in the US Marine Corps, beginning with the determination of Alfred A. Cunningham to excite the Corps’ interest in the possibilities of heavier-than-air powered flight. This is followed by an examination of the employment of Marine Corps aviation in World War I, including predeployment training and combat operations. The chapter concludes by addressing the import of this experience, especially with regard to the development of Marine Corps aviation in the small wars era.

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Subsidy Determination, Benchmarks, and Adverse Inferences: Assessing ‘Benefit' in US–Coated Paper (Indonesia)

World Trade Review ◽

10.1017/s147474562000004x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 216-231

Author(s):

Eugene Beaulieu ◽

Denise Prévost

Keyword(s):

Economic Analysis ◽

Natural Resources ◽

Natural Resource ◽

Benefit Analysis ◽

Government Ownership ◽

Coated Paper ◽

The Us ◽

Countervailing Duties ◽

Key Aspects

AbstractThis paper presents a legal-economic analysis of key aspects of the WTO Panel Report involving a challenge by Indonesia against the anti-dumping and countervailing duties imposed by the US on certain coated paper from Indonesia. We focus on the findings in this case relevant to the determination of a ‘benefit’ to the recipient, a core requirement to establish the existence and extent of a subsidy. We examine benchmarking for determining benefit in cases of predominant government ownership of a natural resource and the use of ‘adverse facts available’ against a non-cooperative respondent to infer the existence of a benefit. The benefit analysis in this case may have broader implications. First, it may limit the scope for governments to determine their own policies regarding the ownership and management of natural resources. Second, it may create a loophole allowing investigating authorities to fill gaps in the factual record by intentionally using the ‘facts available’ to the disadvantage of a respondent. In both cases, the panel's findings may open the door to potential misuse of these flexibilities to find a benefit where none exists, or to inflate the margin of benefit to allow for higher countervailing duties.

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