An outbreak of food-borne Campylobacter jejuni infection and the possible role of cross-contamination

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Brown ◽  
D. Kidd ◽  
T. Riordan ◽  
R.A. Barrell
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Food Borne

scholarly journals Identification of an Arsenic Resistance and Arsenic-Sensing System in Campylobacter jejuni

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (15) ◽  
pp. 5064-5073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Wang ◽  
Byeonghwa Jeon ◽  
Orhan Sahin ◽  
Qijing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Arsenic Resistance ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Promoter Dna ◽  
Arsenic Sensing

ABSTRACT Arsenic is commonly present in the natural environment and is also used as a feed additive for animal production. Poultry is a major reservoir for Campylobacter jejuni, a major food-borne human pathogen causing gastroenteritis. It has been shown that Campylobacter isolates from poultry are highly resistant to arsenic compounds, but the molecular mechanisms responsible for the resistance have not been determined, and it is unclear if the acquired arsenic resistance affects the susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. to other antimicrobials. In this study, we identified a four-gene operon that contributes to arsenic resistance in Campylobacter. This operon encodes a putative membrane permease (ArsP), a transcriptional repressor (ArsR), an arsenate reductase (ArsC), and an efflux protein (Acr3). PCR analysis of various clinical C. jejuni isolates indicated a significant association of this operon with elevated resistance to arsenite and arsenate. Gene-specific mutagenesis confirmed the role of the ars operon in conferring arsenic resistance. It was further shown that this operon is subject to regulation by ArsR, which directly binds to the ars promoter and inhibits the transcription of the operon. Arsenite inhibits the binding of ArsR to the ars promoter DNA and induces the expression of the ars genes. Mutation of the ars genes did not affect the susceptibility of C. jejuni to commonly used antibiotics. These results identify the ars operon as an important mechanism for arsenic resistance and sensing in Campylobacter.

scholarly journals Population Diversity ofCampylobacter jejuniin Poultry and Its Dynamic of Contamination in Chicken Meat

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Marotta ◽  
Giuliano Garofolo ◽  
Guido Di Donato ◽  
Giuseppe Aprea ◽  
Ilenia Platone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
One Year

This study aimed to analyse the diversity of theCampylobacter jejunipopulation in broilers and to evaluate the major source of contamination in poultry meat. Eight rearing cycles over one year provided samples from three different broiler farms processed at the same slaughterhouse. A total of 707  C. jejuniwere isolated from cloacal swabs before slaughter and from the breast skin of carcasses after slaughter and after chilling. All suspectedCampylobactercolonies were identified with PCR assays andC. jejuniwas genotyped by sequence analysis of theflaAshort variable region (SVR) and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) usingSmaIenzyme. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance profiles were also assayed using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The flocks carried many majorC. jejuniclones possibly carrying over the rearing cycles, but cross contamination between farms may happen. Many isolates were resistant to fluoroquinolones, raising an issue of high public concern. SpecificCampylobacterpopulations could be harboured within each poultry farm, with the ability to contaminate chickens during each new cycle. Thus, although biosecurity measures are applied, with a persistent source of contamination, they cannot be efficient. The role of the environment needs further investigation to better address strategies to controlCampylobacter.

A Statewide Assessment of the Role of Norwalk Virus in Outbreaks of Food-Borne Gastroenteritis

1985 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Kuritsky ◽  
M. T. Osterholm ◽  
J. A. Korlath ◽  
K. E. White ◽  
J. E. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Norwalk Virus ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Statewide Assessment

scholarly journals Role of the beta-lactamase of Campylobacter jejuni in resistance to beta-lactam agents.

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Lachance ◽  
C Gaudreau ◽  
F Lamothe ◽  
L A Lariviere
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam

Diversity of flaA Genotypes among Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Six Niche-Market Poultry Species at Farm and Processing

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. VanWORTH ◽  
B. A. McCREA ◽  
K. H. TONOOKA ◽  
C. L. BOGGS ◽  
J. S. SCHRADER
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism of the flagellin (flaA) gene in Campylobacter jejuni was used to determine the relationships of isolates collected at the farm and throughout processing for six niche-market poultry species. This study focused on two specialty chicken products, poussin and free range, and four other specialty products, squab, duck, guinea fowl, and quail. Cloacal and carcass samples were collected from three flocks from each of the six niche species. Three processing plants in California participated in a 2-year investigation. A total of 773 isolates from farm, posttransport, and the processing plants were genotyped, yielding a total of 72 distinct flaA profiles for the six commodities. Genetic diversity of C. jejuni at the farm was greatest for ducks with up to 12 distinct flaA types in two flocks and least for squab 1 flaA type between two farms. For two of the guinea fowl flocks, one free-range flock, two squab flocks, and all three poussin flocks, the flaA types recovered at the prepackage station matched those from the farm. Cross-contamination of poultry carcasses was supported by the observation of flaA types during processing that were not present at the farm level. New C. jejuni strains were detected after transport in ducks, guinea fowl, and free-range chickens. Postpicker, postevisceration, and prewash sampling points in the processing plant yield novel isolates. Duck and free-range chickens were the only species for which strains recovered within the processing plant were also found on the final product. Isolates recovered from squab had 56 to 93% similarity based on the flaA types defined by PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles. The 26 duck isolates had genetic similarities that ranged from 20 to 90%. Guinea fowl and free-range chickens each had 40 to 65% similarity between isolates. Poussin isolates were 33 to 55% similar to each other, and quail isolates were 46 to 100% similar. Our results continue to emphasize the need to clean processing equipment and posttransport crates in order to decrease cross contamination between flocks. This study also determined that several strains of C. jejuni had unique flaA types that could only be recovered in their host species.

scholarly journals Key Role of Capsular Polysaccharide in the Induction of Systemic Infection and Abortion by Hypervirulent Campylobacter jejuni

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Sahin ◽  
Samantha A. Terhorst ◽  
Eric R. Burrough ◽  
Zhangqi Shen ◽  
Zuowei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Model Following ◽  
Capsule Production ◽  
Guinea Pig Model

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is a zoonotic pathogen, and a hypervirulent clone, named clone SA, has recently emerged as the predominant cause of ovine abortion in the United States. To induce abortion, orally ingested Campylobacter must translocate across the intestinal epithelium, spread systemically in the circulation, and reach the fetoplacental tissue. Bacterial factors involved in these steps are not well understood. C. jejuni is known to produce capsular polysaccharide (CPS), but the specific role that CPS plays in systemic infection and particularly abortion in animals remains to be determined. In this study, we evaluated the role of CPS in bacteremia using a mouse model and in abortion using a pregnant guinea pig model following oral challenge. Compared with C. jejuni NCTC 11168 and 81-176, a clone SA isolate (IA3902) resulted in significantly higher bacterial counts and a significantly longer duration of bacteremia in mice. The loss of capsule production via gene-specific mutagenesis in IA3902 led to the complete abolishment of bacteremia in mice and abortion in pregnant guinea pigs, while complementation of capsule expression almost fully restored these phenotypes. The capsule mutant strain was also impaired for survival in guinea pig sera and sheep blood. Sequence-based analyses revealed that clone SA possesses a unique CPS locus with a mosaic structure, which has been stably maintained in all clone SA isolates derived from various hosts and times. These findings establish CPS as a key virulence factor for the induction of systemic infection and abortion in pregnant animals and provide a viable candidate for the development of vaccines against hypervirulent C. jejuni.

The role of rpoN, ntrC and fliA in flagellar expression in Campylobacter jejuni

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. A178-A178
Author(s):  
Aparna Jagannathan ◽  
Chrystala Constantinidou ◽  
Charles W. Penn
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni
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