Anticipation of age at onset of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

2002 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Cavallini ◽  
Monia Albertazzi ◽  
Laura Bianchi ◽  
Laura Bellodi
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Its Potential Subtypes

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald W. Black
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
The United States ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Eeg Abnormalities ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

AbstractThis manuscript summarizes presentations by an international panel of experts, representing Brazil, Israel, Italy, Mexico, Portugal, Spain, and the United States, at a symposium on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its possible subtypes. Presentations concerned both OCD proper, as well as putative obsessive-compulsive-spectrum disorders (autistic disorders, eating disorders, pathological gambling, and schizo-obsessive disorder). Projects discussed included a study assessing impulsive temperament in eating disorder patients, a study on serotonin receptor sensitivity in autism, a study of sleep EEG abnormalities in OCD, a study of dissociation in pathological gamblers, papers on aspects of schizo-obsessive patients, a study addressing biological alterations in OCD, data from a new family study on OCD, data from a molecular genetic study of OCD, a factor analytic study of Tourette disorder, a study hypothesizing the existence of an OCD continuum, and, finally, a paper on early- vs late-onset OCD. General discussion followed leading to a consensus that 1) OCD is likely heterogeneous with multiple subtypes; 2) division of patients by age-at-onset probably represents a robust and valid subtyping scheme; 3) the presence of schizophrenic features probably identifies a valid subtype; 4) the validation of subtypes in the future will be informed by both family-genetic studies, as well as studies of biological alterations in OCD; and 5) the study of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders adds to our understanding of the OCD phenomenon, and helps in our search to identify valid subtypes.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With and Without Tic Disorder: A Comparative Study From India

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 705-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Jaisoorya ◽  
Y.C. Janardhan Reddy ◽  
S. Srinath ◽  
K. Thennarasu
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
The West ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Motor Tics

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Evidence from phenomenological, family, genetic, and treatment studies from Western centers have suggested that tic-related obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) could be different from non-tic-related OCD. This study from India investigated the differences in OCD with and without tics, with respect to sociode-mographics, symptom profile, and comorbidity, including obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders, to examine whether the clinical profile of tic-related OCD is similar to that reported previously.Methods: Fifty subjects with OCD and tics (chronic motor tics and Tourette syndrome) were compared with 141 OCD subjects without tics.Results: Subjects having OCD with tics tended to be males, and had an earlier onset of illness. They had more of symmetry/aggressive and religious obsessions, and cleaning, ordering/arranging, hoarding, and repeating compulsions and were associated with trichotillomania and hypochondraisis. Stepwise backward (Wald) regression analysis showed that an early age of onset, male gender, aggressive obsessions, cleaning compulsions, and trichotillomania were significantly associated with tic-related OCD.Conclusion: The findings of this study from India are broadly similar to those reported previously from the West indicating the universality of differences in tic- and non-tic-related OCD. Our findings also support the existing evidence that tics contribute to the heterogeneity of OCD.

scholarly journals Cigarette smoking in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder: a report from the International College of Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS)

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Dell’Osso ◽  
Humberto Nicolini ◽  
Nuria Lanzagorta ◽  
Beatrice Benatti ◽  
Gregorio Spagnolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Tourette’S Syndrome ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
International College ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) showed a lower prevalence of cigarette smoking compared to other psychiatric disorders in previous and recent reports. We assessed the prevalence and clinical correlates of the phenomenon in an international sample of 504 OCD patients recruited through the International College of Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS) network.Cigarette smoking showed a cross-sectional prevalence of 24.4% in the sample, with significant differences across countries. Females were more represented among smoking patients (16% vs 7%; p<.001). Patients with comorbid Tourette’s syndrome (p<.05) and tic disorder (p<.05) were also more represented among smoking subjects. Former smokers reported a higher number of suicide attempts (p<.05).We found a lower cross-sectional prevalence of smoking among OCD patients compared to findings from previous studies in patients with other psychiatric disorders but higher compared to previous and more recent OCD studies. Geographic differences were found and smoking was more common in females and comorbid Tourette’s syndrome/tic disorder.

scholarly journals Obsessive–compulsive disorder: subclassification based on co-morbidity

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1491-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Nestadt ◽  
C. Z. Di ◽  
M. A. Riddle ◽  
M. A. Grados ◽  
B. D. Greenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is probably an etiologically heterogeneous condition. Many patients manifest other psychiatric syndromes. This study investigated the relationship between OCD and co-morbid conditions to identify subtypes.MethodSeven hundred and six individuals with OCD were assessed in the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study (OCGS). Multi-level latent class analysis was conducted based on the presence of eight co-morbid psychiatric conditions [generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), major depression, panic disorder (PD), separation anxiety disorder (SAD), tics, mania, somatization disorders (Som) and grooming disorders (GrD)]. The relationship of the derived classes to specific clinical characteristics was investigated.ResultsTwo and three classes of OCD syndromes emerge from the analyses. The two-class solution describes lesser and greater co-morbidity classes and the more descriptive three-class solution is characterized by: (1) an OCD simplex class, in which major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most frequent additional disorder; (2) an OCD co-morbid tic-related class, in which tics are prominent and affective syndromes are considerably rarer; and (3) an OCD co-morbid affective-related class in which PD and affective syndromes are highly represented. The OCD co-morbid tic-related class is predominantly male and characterized by high conscientiousness. The OCD co-morbid affective-related class is predominantly female, has a young age at onset, obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) features, high scores on the ‘taboo’ factor of OCD symptoms, and low conscientiousness.ConclusionsOCD can be classified into three classes based on co-morbidity. Membership within a class is differentially associated with other clinical characteristics. These classes, if replicated, should have important implications for research and clinical endeavors.

Admixture analysis of age at onset in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD DELORME ◽  
JEAN-LOUIS GOLMARD ◽  
NADIA CHABANE ◽  
BRUNO MILLET ◽  
MARIE-ODILE KREBS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Admixture Analysis ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Best Fitting

Background. Age at onset (AAO) has been useful to explore the clinical, neurobiological and genetic heterogeneity of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, none of the various thresholds of AAO used in previous studies have been validated, and it remains an unproven notion that AAO is a marker for different subtypes of OCD. If AAO is a clinical indicator of different biological subtypes, then subgroups based on distinct AAOs should have separate normal distributions as well as different clinical characteristics.Method. Admixture analysis was used to determine the best-fitting model for the observed AAO of 161 OCD patients.Results. The observed distribution of AAO in OCD is a mixture of two Gaussian distributions with mean ages of 11·1±4·1 and 23·5±11·1 years. The first distribution, defined by early-onset OCD, had increased frequency of Tourette's syndrome and increased family history of OCD. The second distribution, defined by late-onset OCD, showed elevated prevalence of general anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder.Conclusions. These results, based on a statistically validated AAO cut-off and those of previous studies on AAO in OCD, suggest that AAO is a crucial phenotypic characteristic in understanding the genetic basis of this disorder.

Variable Insight in OCD

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Hamblin ◽  
Jennifer Moonjung Park ◽  
Monica S. Wu ◽  
Eric A. Storch
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often have good insight into the irrational nature of their obsessions and the excessive character of their compulsions, but insight exists along a continuum and is markedly poor in some patients. This chapter reviews the assessment and phenomenological correlates of variable insight in OCD in both pediatric and adult populations. It reviews the definition of insight and its relationship to the evolution of diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well as the major assessment tools used to measure and quantify insight for clinical and research purposes. The relationships between insight and clinical characteristics of OCD, including symptom severity, comorbidity, and treatment response are reviewed, followed by a review of neurobiological correlates of insight and the relationship between poor insight and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

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