Crop residue position and interference with wheat seedling development

Objective: Performing a study on a wheat growth bio assay with a homeopathic dilution of gibberellic acid at different seasons of the year. Methods: Grains of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, Capo variety) were observed under the influence of extremely diluted gibberellic acid (10-30, 30x). Analogously prepared water was used for control. 15 experiments were performed, 9 in autumn season (5 researchers, 4,440 grains per group), and 6 in winter / spring (4 researchers, with 3,140 grains per group). Results: All 9 autumn experiments showed less stalk growth in the verum group (p > 0.01 in 4 cases, p > 0.05 in 3, trend in 2 cases). Mean stalk lengths (mm) were 46.97 + 20.50 for verum and 50.66 + 19.77 for control at grain level (N = 4,440 per group) and + 3.87 and + 3.38 respectively at dish level (217 cohorts of 20 or 25 grains per treatment group). Verum stalk length (92.72%) was 7.28% smaller than control stalk length (100%). In contrast, no reliable effect was found in experiments performed in winter / spring (less stalk growth in 1 case, no difference in 1, more growth in 3 cases). Overall verum stalk length (103.64%) was 3.64% slightly greater than control stalk length (100%). Data were found to be homogeneous within the control groups as well as within the verum groups. Conclusion: Results suggest that especially in the experiments performed in autumn, there was an influence of gibberellic acid 30x on wheat seedling development. The effect size is small when calculation is done on the basis of grains (d = 0.18) but high when done on the basis of dishes (d = 1.02). In contrast, no reliable effect was found in experiments performed in winter / spring. Further experiments should thus be performed in the autumn season.

Download Full-text

Effects ofPythium arrhenomanesInfection and Root-Tip Amputation on Wheat Seedling Development

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-71-316 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 316 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

L. L. Singleton

Keyword(s):

Wheat Seedling ◽

Seedling Development ◽

Root Tip

Download Full-text

Germin. Compartmentation of the protein, its translatable mRNA, and its biosynthesis among roots, stems, and leaves of wheat seedlings

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/o85-125 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 63 (9) ◽

pp. 1003-1013 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Zbyszko. F. Grzelczak ◽

Sadequr Rahman ◽

Theresa D. Kennedy ◽

Byron G. Lane

Keyword(s):

Fold Increase ◽

Wheat Seedling ◽

Staining Technique ◽

Seedling Development ◽

High Mass ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Wheat Embryo ◽

Early Seedling

(1) Onset of growth during germination of the isolated wheat embryo is allied with the emergence of a protein we have called germin. This study was undertaken to learn if germin is present and synthesized in the root, stem, and leaf during postgerminative growth of the wheat seedling.(2) Seedlings were grown from mature wheat grains on water-soaked filter paper and organs excised at various times were pulse labeled with [35S]methionine. Germin is synthesized in all organs at all times between 1.5 and 7 days.(3) During early seedling development (1.5 days), the fraction of [35S]methionine incorporated into germin, relative to other proteins, is much greater in the case of stem than other organs, either in vivo or when cell-free protein synthesis is directed by bulk RNA from different organs.(4) During late seedling development (4–7 days), when root growth is greater than stem growth, total isotope incorporation into germin is much greater in roots than stem.(5) Quasi-quantitative estimates of germin in pepsin-treated soluble fractions of homogenates were made by visual comparison of dye binding when gels were stained by Coomassie blue. The quantity of germin (ca. 1 mg/100 g) keeps pace with growth in spite of a 100-fold increase in fresh weight during transformation of the germinating embryo into a 7-day seedling.(6) During early seedling growth (1.5 days), germin is concentrated in the stem, but later (7 days), after extensive growth of the root but not the stem, the amount of germin in the root is about 1/2 and in the leaf is about 1/10 as great as in stem, on a fresh-weight basis, but more nearly equal on a per-organ basis owing to high mass proportions of the leaf and root relative to stem.(7) The dye-staining technique following pepsin treatment of soluble proteins has been used to detect germin in the stems of other cereal (rye, barley, oat) seedlings (3–8 days).

Download Full-text

Highly Diluted Agitated Silver Nitrate and Wheat Seedling Development Effect Kinetics of a Process of Successive Agitation Phases

Fundamental Research in Ultra High Dilution and Homoeopathy ◽

10.1007/978-94-011-5878-7_10 ◽

1998 ◽

pp. 143-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Waltraud Pongratz ◽

Andrea Nograsek ◽

Christian Endler

Keyword(s):

Silver Nitrate ◽

Wheat Seedling ◽

Seedling Development ◽

Effect Kinetics ◽

Kinetics Of

Download Full-text

Monitoring of changes in 5-n-alkylresorcinols during wheat seedling development

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2020-0085 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Elżbieta G. Magnucka ◽

Małgorzata P. Oksińska ◽

Stanisław J. Pietr

Keyword(s):

De Novo ◽

Wheat Seedling ◽

Seedling Development ◽

Wheat Seed ◽

Short Term ◽

Wheat Growth ◽

Main Compound ◽

Phenolic Lipids ◽

Resorcinolic Lipids ◽

Cuticular Layer

AbstractFor seven days of wheat growth, caryopsis remained the main source of 5-n-alkylresorcinols with C19 and/or C21 homolog as a main compound. Shoot contained small amount of these phenolic lipids; their average content was 3.23% of level obtained in the whole seedling. Moreover, 41.38% of resorcinolic lipids of seven-day-old shoot was accumulated in part of leaf covered by coleoptile. Interestingly, a removal of 1.07% of the primary pool of kernel alkylresorcinols by short-term washing (10 s) of wheat seed with acetone before planting decreased their level only in seed of seven-day old seedling. Compared to the respective controls, this treatment did not affect the amount of these lipids in the green part of seedling that proved that de novo synthesis of 5-n-alkylresorcinols takes place in shoots. The very similar homolog profiles of these lipids in four- and seven-day-old shoots turned out to be markedly less diversified than those found in respective seed samples. Compared to the mature wheat caryopsis, the rise in the content of very-long-chain homologs was observed only in the oldest shoot. Their increased accumulation was probably connected with formation of cuticular layer providing the defensive barrier against various phytopathogens.

Download Full-text