Effect of Magnesium Hydroxide on Iron Absorption After Ferrous Sulfate

Vitamin C is one component that can increase iron absorption in patients with iron deficiency anemia. This study aims to determine the effect of vitamin C supplementation on iron absorption as measured by hemoglobin levels in anemic mice. This type of research is an experimental laboratory design. Experimental animals (Mus. Musculus) male mice were made anemia induced with sodium nitrite and then divided into three treatment groups. Group I, was given distilled water, Group II, was given ferrous sulfate, Group III, was given ascorbic acid + ferrous sulfate at a dose of 4.5 mg. The treatment was given for 14 days after experiencing anemia. Data analysis was used ANOVA test. If it has an effect, it continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Changes in the average hemoglobin level of mice ranged from 12-15 grams/dL after 14 days of treatment, which means that the hemoglobin level returned to normal. Thus, the administration of vitamin C can increase iron levels in mice (Mus musculus) Anemia by induction of sodium nitrite. ABSTRAK Vitamin C merupakan salah satu komponen yang dapat menengkatkan absorpsi besi pada penderita anemia defisiensi besi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian suplementasi vitamin C terhadap absorpsi besi yang diukur dari kadar hemoglobin hewan coba mencit anemia. Jenis penelitian berupa desain laboratory eksperimental. Hewan coba mencit (Mus. Musculus) jantan dibuat anemia dengan diinduksi dengan natrium nitrit kemudian dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok I diberi akuades, Kelompok II diberi ferro sulfat, Kelompok III diberi asam askorbat + fero sulfat dengan dosis 4,5 mg. Perlakuan diberikan selama 14 hari setelah mengalami anemia. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA. Bila memiliki pengaruh maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Perubahan kadar hemoglobin rata-rata mencit berkisar 12-15 gram/dL setelah perlakuan selama 14 hari yang artinya kadar hemoglobin kembali ke keadaaan normal. Dengan demikian, pemberian vitamin C dapat meningkatkan kadar zat besi pada mencit (Mus musculus) Anemia dengan induksi natrium nitrit.

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Iron Amino Acid Chelates

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.74.6.435 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 435-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Hertrampf ◽

Olivares

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Ferrous Sulfate ◽

Iron Absorption ◽

Iron Status ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Efficacy Trials ◽

Food Matrices ◽

The Cost

Iron amino acid chelates, such as iron glycinate chelates, have been developed to be used as food fortificants and therapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Ferrous bis-glycine chelate (FeBC), ferric tris-glycine chelate, ferric glycinate, and ferrous bis-glycinate hydrochloride are available commercially. FeBC is the most studied and used form. Iron absorption from FeBC is affected by enhancers and inhibitors of iron absorption, but to a lesser extent than ferrous sulfate. Its absorption is regulated by iron stores. FeBC is better absorbed from milk, wheat, whole maize flour, and precooked corn flour than is ferrous sulfate. Supplementation trials have demonstrated that FeBC is efficacious in treating iron deficiency anemia. Consumption of FeBC-fortified liquid milk, dairy products, wheat rolls, and multi-nutrient beverages is associated with an improvement of iron status. The main limitations to the widespread use of FeBC in national fortification programs are the cost and the potential for promoting organoleptic changes in some food matrices. Additional research is required to establish the bioavailability of FeBC in different food matrices. Other amino acid chelates should also be evaluated. Finally there is an urgent need for more rigorous efficacy trials designed to define the relative merits of amino acid chelates when compared with bioavailable iron salts such as ferrous sulfate and ferrous fumarate and to determine appropriate fortification levels

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Formulation of Iron Fortified Masala Powders and Assessment of its Nutritional and Sensory Qualities

The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics ◽

10.21048/ijnd.2016.53.3.5316 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 330 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Mamatha ◽

Jamuna Prakash

Keyword(s):

Ferrous Sulfate ◽

Sensory Quality ◽

Iron Absorption ◽

Sensory Attributes ◽

Tamarindus Indica ◽

Standard Methods ◽

South Indian ◽

Absorption Promoter ◽

Sensory Qualities ◽

And Control

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica), an acidulant spice, is a rich source of tartaric acid, an iron absorption promoter. Hence, in this context, the study aimed at formulating iron fortified tamarind based spice mixes used for South Indian dishes (Puliyogare, Rasam, Bisibele-bhat and Sambar) and analyze their nutritional and sensory quality. Masala powders were formulated using tamarind powder, pulses, salts and spices and fortified with either ferrous sulfate or ferrous fumarate to yield 2.0 mg iron/100g or ml of serving. Non-fortified products served as controls. Products were analyzed for nutrients, anti-nutrients and bio accessible iron using standard methods and evaluated for sensory attributes by 48-60 members. The range of constituents in dry tamarind and control masala powder per 100g respectively were as follows:- protein, 3.68 and 5.30-8.70%; fat, 0.36 and 3.26-6.80%; iron,18.27 and 6.2-11.5mg; calcium, 97.4 and 120.6-198.9mg; oxalates, 120.1 and 156.5- 366.2mg; phytates, 728.4 and 122.2- 176.7mg and tannins, 1240 and 204-233.2mg. Iron content in fortified products ranged from 28.3-47.2mg/100g respectively. More than 70% of iron was bioaccessible in iron fortified products, in comparison to 30-37% in control products. All the products were highly acceptable by panel members for all sensory attributes.

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Acute Consumption of Prebiotic Galacto-Oligosaccharides Increases Iron Absorption from Ferrous Fumarate, but not from Ferrous Sulfate and Ferric Pyrophosphate: Stable Iron Isotope Studies in Iron-Depleted Young Women

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/nxaa199 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 150 (9) ◽

pp. 2391-2397

Author(s):

Frederike M D Jeroense ◽

Christophe Zeder ◽

Michael B Zimmermann ◽

Isabelle Herter-Aeberli

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotopes ◽

Ferrous Sulfate ◽

Iron Absorption ◽

Ferric Pyrophosphate ◽

Ferrous Fumarate ◽

Paired Samples ◽

Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽

Isotope Studies ◽

High Doses ◽

Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT Background Although acute consumption of high doses of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) increases fractional iron absorption (FIA) from ferrous fumarate (FeFum), it is uncertain if low doses of GOS have this effect. Furthermore, whether GOS improve iron absorption from other commonly used iron compounds and whether ascorbic acid (AA) enhances the effect of GOS on iron absorption from FeFum is unclear. Objectives In iron-depleted women [serum ferritin (SF) <30 μg/L], we assessed: 1) whether the acute enhancing effect of GOS on FeFum is dose dependent; 2) if GOS would affect FIA from ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) or ferric pyrophosphate (FePP); and 3) if AA and GOS given together enhance FIA from FeFum to a greater extent compared with GOS alone. Methods We recruited 46 women (mean age 22.0 y, mean BMI 21.3 kg/m2, median SF 17.1 μg/L), and measured FIA from 14 mg iron labeled with stable isotopes in the following conditions: 1) FIA from FeFum given with 3.5 g, 7 g GOS, and without GOS; 2) FIA from FeSO4 and FePP given with and without 15 g GOS; and 3) FIA from FeFum given with 7 g GOS with and without 93 mg AA. FIA was measured as erythrocyte incorporation of stable isotopes after 14 d. Comparisons were made using paired samples t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test where appropriate. Results Giving 7 g of GOS significantly increased FIA from FeFum (+26%; P = 0.039), whereas 3.5 g GOS did not (P = 0.130). GOS did not significantly increase FIA from FeSO4 (P = 0.998) or FePP (P = 0.059). FIA from FeFum given with GOS and AA was significantly higher compared with FeFum given with GOS alone (+30%; P <0.001). Conclusions In iron-depleted women, GOS does not increase FIA from FeSO4 or FePP, but it increases FIA from FeFum. Thus, a combination of FeFum and GOS may be a well-absorbed formula for iron supplements. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03762148.

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Siderophore (from Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002)-Chelated Iron Promotes Iron Uptake in Caco-2 Cells and Ameliorates Iron Deficiency in Rats

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md17120709 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 709

Author(s):

Xue Feng ◽

Suisui Jiang ◽

Fan Zhang ◽

Runfang Wang ◽

Yuanhui Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Rat Model ◽

Ferrous Sulfate ◽

Iron Absorption ◽

Iron Concentration ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Absorption Mechanism ◽

Cell Monolayers ◽

Chelated Iron ◽

Synechococcus Sp

Siderophores are iron chelators with low molecular weight secreted by microorganisms. Siderophores have the potential to become natural iron fortifiers. To explore the feasibility of the application of Synechococcus sp. PCC7002-derived siderophores as iron fortifiers, Synechococcus sp. PCC7002, as a carrier, was fermented to produce siderophores. The absorption mechanism and anemia intervention effect of siderophores-chelated iron (SCI) were studied through the polarized Caco-2 Cell monolayers and the rat model of iron-deficiency anemia, respectively. The results indicated that siderophores (from Synechococcus sp. PCC7002) had an enhancing effect on iron absorption in polarized Caco-2 cell monolayers. The main absorption site of SCI was duodenum with pH 5.5, and the absorption methods included endocytosis and DMT1, with endocytosis being dominant. The effect of sodium phytate on SCI was less than that of ferrous sulfate. Therefore, SCI could resist inhibitory iron absorption factors in polarized Caco-2 cell monolayers. SCI showed significantly higher relative bioavailability (133.58 ± 15.42%) than ferrous sulfate (100 ± 14.84%) and ferric citrate (66.34 ± 8.715%) in the rat model. Food intake, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit and serum iron concentration of rats improved significantly after Fe-repletion. Overall, this study indicated that siderophores derived from Synechococcus sp. PCC7002 could be an effective and feasible iron nutritive fortifier.

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