Early adolescent pregnancy: A comparative study of pregnancy outcome in young adolescents and mature women

Abstract Background Worldwide, over half of the adolescent pregnancies recorded are unintended. The decision to continue the pregnancy to term or to opt for an abortion is a constant dilemma that is directly or indirectly influenced by stakeholders and also by the wider social environment. This study aimed at understanding the perceived decision-making preferences and determinants of early adolescent pregnancy in the Jamestown area of Accra in Ghana. Methods A vignette-based qualitative study design was used. Eight focus group discussions were carried among various purposively selected groups of participants: parents, teachers, adolescent students who had not been pregnant before, and adolescents who had had at least one pregnancy in the past. The vignette was a hypothetical case of a 15-year-old high school student who had not experienced her menses for the past 6 weeks. The data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Results Lack of parent-daughter communication, the taboo on discussing sex-related issues in households and weak financial autonomy were considered to be the main contributing factors to the high early adolescent pregnancy rates in the community. Partner readiness to assume responsibility for the girl and the baby was a key consideration in either continuing the pregnancy to term or opting for an abortion. The father was overwhelmingly considered to be the one to take the final decision regarding the pregnancy outcome. Irrespective of the fact that the respondents were very religious, opting for an abortion was considered acceptable under special circumstances, especially if the pregnant adolescent was doing well in school. Conclusion Inadequate and inappropriate communication practices around sexuality issues, as well as weak financial autonomy are the major predictors of early adolescent pregnancy in this community. The father is perceived to be the main decision maker regarding a young adolescent’s pregnancy outcome. Policy-makers should carefully evaluate the implications of this overwhelming perceived desire for the father to be the final decision-maker regarding adolescent pregnancy outcomes in this community.

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SIGNIFICANCE OF PLACENTAL HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PRETERM/TERM BIRTH

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i5.1143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Monika Kushwaha ◽

Sanjeev Narang

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Neonatal Morbidity ◽

Research Centre ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chorionic Villi ◽

Term Birth ◽

Medical College

Background: This study is cross-sectional, observational and comparative study, at Index Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh from July 2017 to July 2019 with sample size 100 placentae. Method: The placenta received was evaluated blinded of maternal pregnancy outcome. The pattern of morphology was evaluated both qualitatively (type of lesion) and quantitatively (number of lesions). Result: In Present study 79% of the deliveries were term deliveries and 21% were preterm deliveries. On placental macroscopy, placenta weight was significantly low among the neonates of preterm deliveries (370.00±60.49) as compared to term deliveries (440.89±55.22). Preterm placenta had higher number of abnormal placental lesion compared to term pregnancies. Conclusion: The uteroplacental insufficiency defined as placental infarct, fibrosis of chorionic villi, thickening of blood vessels, and poor vascularity of chorionic villi. Placental histopathological lesions are strongly associated with maternal under perfusion and uteroplacental insufficiency. These are the reasons for preterm birth. Thus, knowledge of the etiological factor can be use to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortility. Keywords: Placenta, Term & Preterm.

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Pregnancy outcome and cord blood cotinine level: A cross-sectional comparative study between secondhand smokers and non-secondhand smokers

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.05.002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 86-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

B. Abdullah ◽

B. Muadz ◽

M.N. Norizal ◽

N. Ismail ◽

N.K. Kornain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cotinine Level

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Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to sibutramine: a prospective comparative study

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics ◽

10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.282 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. P75

Author(s):

M Sarkar

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Gestational Exposure ◽

Prospective Comparative Study

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Prevalence of sub clinical hypothyroidism and pregnancy outcome: a prospective comparative study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20200909 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 1250

Author(s):

Bilal Ur Rehman ◽

Hiba Gull

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Apgar Score ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Overt Hypothyroidism ◽

Prospective Comparative Study ◽

Adverse Pregnancy

Background: In pregnancy, subclinical hypothyroidism is more common than overt hypothyroidism, ranging from 15% to 28% in Iodine sufficient region. Evidence suggests that subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant women and adverse pregnancy outcome.Methods: This hospital based prospective comparative study was conducted over a period of 6 months from 1st July 2018 to 31st December 2018 in department of obstetrics and gynecology SKIMS Soura Kashmir. All the subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and who consented to participate were screened for subclinical hypothyroidism.Results: A total of 175 pregnant women participated in the study and subclinical hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 25 pregnant women (14.2%). Most of our patients were in age group 21 to 30 years (69.1%). Pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism had significant risk of preeclampsia (35%) and higher cesarean section rate (29.6%). Neonate of women with subclinical hypothyroidism had higher incidence poor Apgar score, NICU admission.Conclusions: The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is high in pregnant women and the gravity of the complications like pre-eclampsia, neonate with low Apgar score, increased NICU admission, overweight the cost of screening. In this view, we propose screening of all pregnant women in the first trimester for diagnosis.

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