Field resistance to cylindrocladium black rot and tomato spotted wilt virus among advanced runner-type peanut breeding lines

Abstract Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), a thrips-vectored tospovirus, is an important pathogen of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Development of tolerant cultivars has proven to be one of the most promising methods to manage the disease. Twenty-four genotypes of virginia market-type peanut were monitored in field tests for thrips damage, and TSWV incidence and severity during 2004 and 2005 in North Carolina. The cultivar Gregory had a higher density of adult thrips in foliage than any other genotype, while breeding lines N01057 and N03054E had the lowest density. No significant correlation was detected between thrips density or injury and TSWV incidence. Line N03036EJ had the greatest TSWV incidence, but did not differ from cultivars Gregory or Perry in incidence. Line N00033 had the least TSWV incidence and differed from the cultivars Gregory and Perry. The occurrence of late-season chlorosis or peanut yellowing death (PYD) was highly correlated with TSWV infection (P < 0.0001). Breeding line N02051ol had the greatest incidence of PYD, but did not differ statistically from Gregory or Perry. Lines N03023EF and N01083 had the least PYD incidence. Plants infected with TSWV not expressing foliar symptoms were found in far greater abundance than plants that were infected and symptomatic. Line N03036EJ had the greatest proportion of infected but asymptomatic plants; line N03054E had the least. Susceptible lines are more likely to become infected, rather than just more likely to show spotted wilt symptoms.

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Phenotypic and Molecular Evaluation of Interspecific Peanut (Arachis) Lines

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/pnut.31.2.0001 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 65-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

W. F. Anderson ◽

G. Kochert ◽

C. C. Holbrook ◽

H. T. Stalker

Keyword(s):

Wild Species ◽

Leaf Spot ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽

Plant Morphology ◽

Interspecific Crosses ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Resistant Disease ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽

Wilt Virus

Abstract Peanut breeders are constantly in search of new sources of genes that confer tolerance or resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses to improve the production and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate peanut lines generated from interspecific crosses for amounts of wild species introgression, including genes for resistance to peanut root-knot nematodes, tomato spotted wilt virus and leaf spot diseases. Nine diploid Arachis species were crossed with peanut breeding lines and 130 different interspecific hybrid lines were developed. These lines were evaluated for the amount of introgression using RFLP analyses, plant morphology, and disease resistant phenotypes. Based on RFLPs, 41 lines showed measurable introgression and 12 hexaploid-derived lines were polymorphic for at least four probes. Greenhouse and field evaluations indicated that resistance was not present in the lines tested for tomato spotted wilt virus, early leaf spot, or Cylindrocladium black rot. However, resistance approaching that of the wild species was found for the peanut root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne arenaria) among lines derived from crosses with Arachis diogoi, A. correntina, A. batizocoi, and A. cardenasii. Introgression lines were resistant (disease ratings of 1.5 to 4.5 and lesion numbers 8 to 63) compared to Southern Runner (ratings of 5.5 to 6 and lesion numbers of nearly 500) for late leaf spot (Cercosporidium personation) in field evaluations performed in Gainesville, FL over 2 yr. The greatest resistance was found among lines from crosses with A. batizocoi, A. duranensis, A. stenosperma, A. magma, and A. diogoi. Results indicate that it should be possible to identify molecular markers to tag resistance genes for use in conventional breeding programs and stack these genes in highly productive peanut cultivars.

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New Breeding Lines Resistant to Tomato Mosaic Virus and Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus within the ‘De la Pera’ Tomato Type: UMH 1353 and UMH 1354

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.51.4.456 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 456-458 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Santiago García-Martínez ◽

Adrián Grau ◽

Aranzazu Alonso ◽

Fernando Rubio ◽

Pedro Carbonell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽

Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽

Wilt Virus

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Host Plant Resistance Against Tomato spotted wilt virus in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and Its Impact on Susceptibility to the Virus, Virus Population Genetics, and Vector Feeding Behavior and Survival

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-04-13-0107-r ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 202-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Sivamani Sundaraj ◽

Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan ◽

Albert K. Culbreath ◽

David G. Riley ◽

Hanu R. Pappu

Keyword(s):

Positive Selection ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽

Population Expansion ◽

Principal Component ◽

Purifying Selection ◽

Field Resistance ◽

N Gene ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽

Gene Copies ◽

Wilt Virus

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) severely affects peanut production in the southeastern United States. Breeding efforts over the last three decades resulted in the release of numerous peanut genotypes with field resistance to TSWV. The degree of field resistance in these genotypes has steadily increased over time, with recently released genotypes exhibiting a higher degree of field resistance than older genotypes. However, most new genotypes have never been evaluated in the greenhouse or laboratory against TSWV or thrips, and the mechanism of resistance is unknown. In this study, TSWV-resistant and -susceptible genotypes were subjected to TSWV mechanical inoculation. The incidence of TSWV infection was 71.7 to 87.2%. Estimation of TSWV nucleocapsid (N) gene copies did not reveal significant differences between resistant and susceptible genotypes. Parsimony and principal component analyses of N gene nucleotide sequences revealed inconsistent differences between virus isolates collected from resistant and susceptible genotypes and between old (collected in 1998) and new (2010) isolates. Amino acid sequence analyses indicated consistent differences between old and new isolates. In addition, we found evidence for overabundance of nonsynonymous substitutions. However, there was no evidence for positive selection. Purifying selection, population expansion, and differentiation seem to have influenced the TSWV populations temporally rather than positive selection induced by host resistance. Choice and no-choice tests indicated that resistant and susceptible genotypes differentially affected thrips feeding and survival. Thrips feeding and survival were suppressed on some resistant genotypes compared with susceptible genotypes. These findings reveal how TSWV resistance in peanut could influence evolution, epidemiology, and management of TSWV.

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Resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus and Root‐Knot Nematode in Peanut Interspecific Breeding Lines

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2003.1109 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 1109-1113 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

C. Corley Holbrook ◽

Patricia Timper ◽

Albert K. Culbreath

Keyword(s):

Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽

Wilt Virus ◽

Interspecific Breeding

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Evaluation of peanut genotypes for resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus by mechanical and thrips inoculation

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2006000600006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 937-942 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Luciana Cordeiro do Nascimento ◽

Viboon Pensuk ◽

Nivânia Pereira da Costa ◽

Francisco Miguel de Assis Filho ◽

Gilvan Pio-Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Mechanical Inoculation ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽

Ic 10 ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Wilt Virus

The objective of this work was to evaluate the reactions of three peanut breeding lines (IC-10, IC-34, and ICGV 86388) to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) by mechanical and thrips inoculation, under greenhouse conditions, and compare them to the reactions of cultivars SunOleic, Georgia Green, and the breeding line C11-2-39. TSWV infection by mechanical inoculation was visually assessed using an index ranging from 0 (no symptoms) to 4 (apical death). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to confirm TSWV infection from both mechanical and thrips inoculations. IC-10, IC-34, ICGV 86388, and C11-2-39 were more resistant than the cultivars SunOleic and Georgia Green based on mechanical inoculation. Upon thrips inoculation only IC-34 and ICGV-86388 were infected by TSWV, as demonstrated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), although no symptoms of infection were observed. The peanut breeding lines IC-10, IC-34, and ICGV 86388 show higher level of resistance to TSWV than cultivar Georgia Green considered a standard for TSWV resistance.

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Transgressive Segregation and Long-Term Consistency for High TSWV Field Resistance in the ‘Georgia-06G’ Peanut Cultivar

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-04-18-0018-rs ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 201-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W. D. Branch ◽

A. K. Culbreath

Keyword(s):

Disease Incidence ◽

The United States ◽

Transgressive Segregation ◽

Field Resistance ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Production Area ◽

Wilt Virus

Tomato spotted wilt disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a major peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production problem in the United States. TSWV has become endemic since the mid-1980s in the southeastern U.S. peanut production area. ‘Georgia-06G’ is a large-seeded, TSWV-resistant, runner-type peanut cultivar, whereas ‘Georgia Greener’ is a sister line with a smaller seed size than Georgia-06G. Both Georgia-06G and Georgia Greener have greater TSWV general field resistance with higher yields, total sound mature kernels grade, and dollar values than the parents (‘Georgia Green’ and ‘C-99R’), which shows transgressive segregation for these desirable quantitative traits. Therefore, the objective of this 12-year study was to evaluate the higher TSWV host-plant resistance found in the Georgia-06G over time compared with many other runner- and virginia-type peanut cultivars and advanced breeding lines. Despite yearly variability in TSWV and total disease incidence, the data indicate that Georgia-06G exhibited long-term high TSWV and total disease field resistance at midseason and late season, respectively. Georgia-06G was also found to have among the highest pod yield and dollar value every year. The higher general TSWV field resistance of Georgia-06G appears to be consistent across many years and locations, similar to the moderate TSWV resistance in Georgia Green.

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Variability in Field Response of Peanut Genotypes from the U.S. and China to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Leaf Spots

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/ps11-6.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 30-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yan Li ◽

Albert K. Culbreath ◽

Charles Y. Chen ◽

Steve J. Knapp ◽

C. Corley Holbrook ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Spot ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽

Field Trials ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Leaf Spots ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽

Total Incidence ◽

Wilt Virus ◽

Selection Of

Abstract Tomato spotted wilt, caused by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and transmitted by thrips, and early leaf spot and late leaf spot are among the most important diseases of peanut in the southeastern United States. The objective of this study was to compare field susceptibility of diverse peanut lines to TSWV and leaf spot pathogens for selection of lines for mapping population development. In field trials in 2007 and 2008, 22 genotypes were evaluated for reactions to TSWV and leaf spots. Early leaf spot was the predominate pathogen in both years. There was a near-continuous range of spotted wilt from 18% to 79% for the total incidence rating with any symptoms caused by TSWV. In general, NC94022, ‘Georganic’, C689-6-2, ‘Georgia-01R’, C724-19-25, TifGP-1, C11-154-61, C12-3-114-58, and ‘Tifguard’ were among the most resistant genotypes to TSWV, whereas GT-C20, GT-C9 and PE-2 were the most susceptible. Final percentage of defoliation by leaf spots ranged from 10% to 97% for both years. Genotypes C689-2, Georgia-01R, C12-3-114-58, C11-154-61, Tifguard and Georganic showed resistance to leaf spots, whereas ‘NC-6’, ‘Spancross’, GT-C9, GT-C20 and PE-2 were susceptible to leaf spots. There were 3 cultivars and 3 breeding lines classified as resistant to both TSWV and leaf spots; and there were 3 genotypes from China susceptible to both TSWV and leaf spots. These phenotypic disease reaction data can be used in conjunction with genetic characterization of these genotypes for development of recombinant inbred line populations in efforts to develop markers for resistance to TSWV and leaf spots.

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