The dependence on temperature and salinity of dissolved inorganic carbon in East Atlantic surface waters

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 263-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothee C.E Bakker ◽  
Hein J.W de Baar ◽  
Edwin de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
East Atlantic

scholarly journals Radiocarbon in Annual Coral Rings of Belize and Florida

Radiocarbon ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M Druffel
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Gulf Stream ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Coral Growth ◽  
Surface Ocean ◽  
Montastrea Annularis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Florida Straits

Radiocarbon measurements on a 109-year-old (1868-1977) core of Montastrea annularis coral from Glover Reef, Belize, in the Gulf of Honduras, reveal uptake of fossil fuel CO2 and bomb 14C by surface ocean waters. The history of Δ14C values revealed by this Belize growth agree remarkably well with results for coral growth from the Florida Straits. It is concluded that these corals are reliable recorders of 14C concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIOC) in surface waters representative of the Gulf Stream.

scholarly journals Robotic observations of high wintertime carbon export in California coastal waters

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3109-3129 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. B. Bishop ◽  
Michael B. Fong ◽  
Todd J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Carbon Flux ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Carbon Export ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
San Pedro ◽  
Mesopelagic Zone

Abstract. Biologically mediated particulate organic and inorganic carbon (POC and PIC) export from surface waters is the principal determinant of the vertical oceanic distribution of pH and dissolved inorganic carbon and thus sets the conditions for air–sea exchange of CO2; exported organic matter also provides the energy fueling communities in the mesopelagic zone. However, observations are temporally and spatially sparse. Here we report the first hourly-resolved optically quantified POC and PIC sedimentation rate time series from an autonomous Lagrangian Carbon Flux Explorer (CFE), which monitored particle flux using an imaging optical sedimentation recorder (OSR) at depths below 140 m in the Santa Cruz Basin, CA, in May 2012, and in January and March 2013. Highest POC vertical flux ( ∼  100–240 mmol C m−2 d−1) occurred in January, when most settling material was millimeter- to centimeter-sized aggregates but when surface biomass was low; fluxes were  ∼  18 and  ∼  6 mmol C m−2 d−1, respectively, in March and May, under high surface biomass conditions. An unexpected discovery was that January 2013 fluxes measured by CFE were 20 times higher than that measured by simultaneously deployed surface-tethered OSR; multiple lines of evidence indicate strong undersampling of aggregates larger than 1 mm in the latter case. Furthermore, the January 2013 CFE fluxes were about 10 times higher than observed during multiyear sediment trap observations in the nearby Santa Barbara and San Pedro basins. The strength of carbon export in biologically dynamic California coastal waters is likely underestimated by at least a factor of 3 and at times by a factor of 20.

A Survey of the 14C Content of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon in Chinese Lakes

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 705-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taibei Liu ◽  
Weijian Zhou ◽  
Peng Cheng ◽  
G S Burr
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Average Residence Time ◽  
Exchange Character

AbstractWe present radiocarbon (14C) measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from surface waters of 11 lakes, widely distributed in China. Surface lake water DIC F14C values show distinct differences, and we relate these to the physical exchange character (“open” or “closed”) of each lake. Open lakes studied here generally have lower DIC F14C values than closed lakes. We present a simple model of a lake water cycle to calculate an average residence time for each lake. Comparisons between lake DIC F14C and average residence time shows that the DIC F14C increases with the average residence time and reflects a steady-state.

scholarly journals Comparison of Particulate Organic and Dissolved Inorganic Radiocarbon Signatures in the Surface Northeast Pacific Ocean

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1651-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanda Bertrand ◽  
Brett Walker ◽  
Sheila Griffin ◽  
E R M Druffel
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Surface Seawater ◽  
Sample Processing ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Processing Effects ◽  
Northeast Pacific Ocean

It has long been assumed that radiocarbon (Δ14C) content of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is equal to that of particulate organic carbon (POC) in surface seawater; however, little research has been conducted to explicitly test this assumption. Here, we report Δ14C measurements of surface POC samples and compare them with contemporaneous DIC Δ14C measurements from the northeast Pacific Ocean (Hwang et al. 2004; Druffel et al. 2010). Samples were collected from surface waters at Station M off California between 1995 and 2004. The POC Δ14C values decreased 3.2% per year from 1995 to 2004, similar to the decline observed in the DIC Δ14C values during the same period. Overall, our results show no statistical difference between POC and DIC Δ14C—consistent with the assumption that DIC and POC Δ14C values can generally be considered equivalent. However, significant variability was observed for POC Δ14C values during several fall/summer events, where POC Δ14C signatures were lower than DIC Δ14C values. An evaluation of 2 sample pretreatments also suggests that non-homogenized POC samples deviated less from average POC Δ14C values and more closely matched the DIC Δ14C average for the time series. The presence of seasonal POC/DIC Δ14C disagreements, combined with sample processing effects, suggest that infrequent contributions of allochthonous, older carbon may have originated from deeper in the water column, especially during periods when upwelling in this area was prominent.

scholarly journals Ocean Circulation Drives the Variability of the Carbon System in the Eastern Tropical Atlantic

Oceans ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-148
Author(s):  
Nathalie Lefèvre ◽  
Carlos Mejia ◽  
Dmitry Khvorostyanov ◽  
Laurence Beaumont ◽  
Urbain Koffi
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Uptake ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Carbon Supply ◽  
E Region ◽  
Carbon System

The carbon system in the eastern tropical Atlantic remains poorly known. The variability and drivers of the carbon system are assessed using surface dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), alkalinity (TA) and fugacity of CO2 (fCO2) measured in the 12° N–12° S, 12° W–12° E region from 2005 to 2019. A relationship linking DIC to temperature, salinity and year has been determined, with salinity being the strongest predictor. The seasonal variations of DIC, ranging from 80 to 120 μμmol kg−1, are more important than the year-to-year variability that is less than 50 μμmol kg−1 over the 2010–2019 period. DIC and TA concentrations are lower in the northern part of the basin where surface waters are fresher and warmer. Carbon supply dominates over biological carbon uptake during the productive upwelling period from July to September. The lowest DIC and TA are located in the Congo plume. The influence of the Congo is still observed at the mooring at 6° S, 8° E as shown by large salinity and chlorophyll variations. Nevertheless, this site is a source of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Robotic observations of high wintertime carbon export in California coastal waters

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. B. Bishop ◽  
M. B. Fong ◽  
T. J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Carbon Flux ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Carbon Export ◽  
Mesopelagic Zone ◽  
Under Sampling

Abstract. Biologically mediated particulate organic and inorganic carbon (POC and PIC) export from surface waters is the principal determinant of the vertical oceanic distribution of pH and dissolved inorganic carbon and thus sets the conditions for air sea exchange of CO2; exported organic matter also provides the energy fuelling communities in the mesopelagic zone. However, observations are temporally and spatially sparse. Here we report first hourly-resolved optically-quantified POC and PIC sedimentation rate time series from autonomous Lagrangian Carbon Flux Explorers (CFEs), which monitor particle flux using imaging at depths below 140 m in the Santa Cruz Basin, CA in May 2012, and in January and March 2013. Highest POC vertical flux (~100–240 mmol C m−2 d−1) occurred in January, when most settling material was mm to cm-sized aggregates, but when surface biomass was low; fluxes were ~18 and 6 mmol C m−2 d−1, respectively in March and May, under high surface biomass conditions. An unexpected discovery was that January 2013 fluxes measured by CFE were 20 times higher than simultaneously deployed surface-tethered sediment traps and which multiple lines of evidence indicate strong under sampling of aggregates larger than 1 mm. Furthermore, the Jan 2013 CFE fluxes were about 10 times higher compared to highest previous nearby multi year sediment trap observations. The strength of carbon export in biologically dynamic California coastal waters is likely underestimated by a factor of between 3 and 20.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document