Functional relationships between sensory nerve fibers and mast cells of dura mater in normal and inflammatory conditions

Neuroscience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 829-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Dimitriadou ◽  
A Rouleau ◽  
M.D Trung Tuong ◽  
G.J.F Newlands ◽  
H.R.P Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions

Relationships between permeable vessels, nerves, and mast cells in rat cutaneous neurogenic inflammation

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 2305-2311 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Baraniuk ◽  
M. L. Kowalski ◽  
M. A. Kaliner
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Neurogenic Inflammation ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Rat Skin ◽  
Protein Extravasation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Electrical stimulation of rat sensory nerves produces cutaneous vasodilation and plasma protein extravasation, a phenomenon termed “neurogenic inflammation”. Rat skin on the dorsum of the paw developed neurogenic inflammation after electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve. In tissue sections, the extravasation of the supravital dye monastral blue B identified permeable vessels. Mast cells were identified by toluidine blue stain. Permeable vessels were significantly more dense in the superficial 120 microns of the dermis than in the deeper dermis, whereas mast cells were significantly more frequent in the deeper dermis. The relationships between nociceptive sensory nerve fibers, permeable vessels, and mast cells were examined by indirect immunohistochemistry for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neurokinin A (NKA), and substance P (SP). CGRP-, NKA-, and SP-containing nerves densely innervated the superficial dermis and appeared to innervate the vessels that became permeable during neurogenic inflammation. In contrast, mast cells were not associated with either permeable vessels or nerve fibers. These data suggest that electrical stimulation of rat sensory nerves produces vascular permeability by inducing the release of neuropeptides that may directly stimulate the superficial vascular bed. Mast cells may not be involved in this stage of cutaneous neurogenic inflammation in rat skin.

Pearls and pitfalls in experimental in vivo models of migraine: Dural trigeminovascular nociception

Cephalalgia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 577-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Akerman ◽  
Philip R Holland ◽  
Jan Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Dura Mater ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Trigeminal Nucleus ◽  
Neuronal Activation ◽  
Trigeminovascular System ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Trigeminal Nucleus Caudalis ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background Migraine is a disorder of the brain and is thought to involve activation of the trigeminovascular system, which includes the peripheral afferent projection to the nociceptive specific dura mater, as well as the central afferent projection to the trigeminal nucleus caudalis. Stimulation of the blood vessels of the dura mater produces pain in patients that is referred to the head similar to headache. Headache mechanisms The likely reason for the pain is because the vascular structures of the dura mater, including the superior sagittal sinus and middle meningeal artery, are richly innervated by a plexus of largely unmyelinated sensory nerve fibers from the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal ganglion. Methodology Stimulation of these nociceptive specific nerve fibers is painful and produces neuronal activation in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis. Preclinical models of headache have taken advantage of this primarily nociceptive pathway, and various animal models use dural trigeminovascular nociception to assay aspects of head pain. These assays measure responses at the level of the dural vasculature and the central trigeminal nucleus caudalis as a correlate of trigeminovascular activation thought to be involved in headache. Summary This review will summarize the history of the development of models of dural trigeminovascular nociception, including intravital microscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry at the level of the vasculature, and electrophysiology and Fos techniques used to observe neuronal activation at the trigeminal nucleus caudalis. It will also describe some of pitfalls of these assays and developments for the future.

Cerebral Dura Mater and Cephalalgia: Relationships Between Mast Cells and Catecholaminergic Nerve Fibers in the Rat

Cephalalgia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Artico ◽  
S De Santis ◽  
C Cavallotti
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Fluorescence Level ◽  
Fiber Stimulation

The aim of the present study was to examine whether mast cells have the same variations as the related catecholaminergic nerve fibers. Chemical sympathectomy or surgical removal of right superior cervical ganglion induced a rapid decrease of fluorescence in both nerve fibers and mast cells, as confirmed by quantitative analysis (nerve fibers 19±1.1 vs 1.3±0.6; mast cell 10.8±1.9 vs 2.1±0.3). The results of quantitative analysis after nerve fiber stimulation (electrical), however, showed an increase of the fluorescence in both the nerve fibers and the mast cells (nerve fibers 43.4 ±2.4; mast cells 18.6 ±1.6). Moreover, we found that the basal zone is more innervated (regarding catecholaminergic nerve fibers) than the apical one, and that the fluorescence level decreases passing from the vasal zone to the perivasal and intervasal zones. Further studies are needed in order to clarify the role of fluorescent nerve fibers and mast cells of cerebral dura mater in cephalalgia.

Expression of vanilloid receptor subtype 1 in cutaneous sensory nerve fibers, mast cells, and epithelial cells of appendage structures

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Stander ◽  
Corinna Moormann ◽  
Mark Schumacher ◽  
Jorg Buddenkotte ◽  
Metin Artuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Vanilloid Receptor ◽  
Receptor Subtype

scholarly journals 425 Mast cells survival and maturation in human skin are regulated and maintained by sensory nerve fibers

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. S75 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chéret ◽  
L. Ponce ◽  
C. Le Gall-Ianotto ◽  
L. Misery ◽  
M. Bertolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers

scholarly journals Adventitial Mast Cells Connect With Sensory Nerve Fibers in Atherosclerotic Coronary Arteries

Circulation ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 101 (14) ◽  
pp. 1665-1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Laine ◽  
A. Naukkarinen ◽  
L. Heikkila ◽  
A. Penttila ◽  
P. T. Kovanen
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers

Neurogenically Mediated Plasma Extravasation in Dura Mater: Effect of Ergot Alkaloids: A Possible Mechanism of Action in Vascular Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Markowitz ◽  
Kiyoshi Saito ◽  
Michael A Moskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Dura Mater ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Plasma Extravasation ◽  
C Fibers ◽  
C Fiber ◽  
Stimulation Of

C-fiber- dependent neurogenic plasma extravasation developed in the dura mater but not the brain after electric stimulation of the rat trigeminal ganglion or after chemical stimulation of perivascular axons with intravenous capsaicin, a drug that depolarizes sensory nerve fibers. C-fiber- independent extravasation also developed in this tissue after intravenous injections of substance P or neurokinin A (two constituents of unmyelinated C fibers) and after serotonin, bradykinin, or allergic challenge in presensitized animals. Intravenous dihydroergotamine or ergotamine tartrate, in doses similar to those used to treat migraine and cluster headache, prevented the stimulation-induced leakage of plasma proteins within the dura mater. Not unexpectedly, the acute administration of methysergide, a drug effective in the prophylactic treatment of headache, was inactive in this acute model. Neither acute nor chronic administration of propranolol affected stimulation-induced leakage of plasma protein. These results demonstrate that neurogenic inflammation develops within the dura mater in the rat and that ergot alkaloids prevent the process by a C-fiber-dependent mechanism.

Ultrastructural evidence for mast cell-macrophage interrelationships in the dura mater of the rat: Infrequent mast cell-nerve associations

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
Ruth V.W. Dimlich
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Plasma Extravasation ◽  
Close Spatial Relationship ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Headache Pain ◽  
Relationship Of

Mast cells in the dura mater of the rat may play a role in cerebral pathologies including neurogenic inflammation (vasodilation; plasma extravasation) and headache pain . As has been suggested for other tissues, dural mast cells may exhibit a close spatial relationship to nerves. There has been no detailed ultrastructural description of mast cells in this tissue; therefore, the goals of this study were to provide this analysis and to determine the spatial relationship of mast cells to nerves and other components of the dura mater in the rat.Four adult anesthetized male Wistar rats (290-400 g) were fixed by perfusion through the heart with 2% glutaraldehyde and 2.8% paraformaldehyde in a potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) for 30 min. The head of each rat was removed and stored in fixative for a minimum of 24 h at which time the dural coverings were removed and dissected into samples that included the middle meningeal vasculature. Samples were routinely processed and flat embedded in LX 112. Thick (1 um) sections from a minimum of 3 blocks per rat were stained with toluidine blue (0.5% aqueous).

scholarly journals Axon typing of rat muscle nerves using a double staining procedure for cholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase.

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1617-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Szabolcs ◽  
A Windisch ◽  
R Koller ◽  
M Pensch
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Histological Section ◽  
Trapezius Muscle ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Staining Procedure ◽  
Muscle Nerve

We developed a method for detecting activity of axonal cholinesterase (CE) and carbonic anhydrase (CA)--markers for motor and sensory nerve fibers (NFs)--in the same histological section. To reach this goal, cross-sections of muscle nerves were sequentially incubated with the standard protocols for CE and CA histochemistry. A modified incubation medium was used for CA in which Co++ is replaced by Ni++. This avoids interference of the two histochemical reactions because Co++ binds unspecifically to the brown copper-ferroferricyanide complex representing CE activity, whereas Ni++ does not. Cross-sections of the trapezius muscle nerve containing efferent and afferent NFs in segregated fascicles showed that CE activity was confined to motor NFs. Axonal CA was detected solely in sensory NFs. The number of labeled motor and sensory NFs determined in serial cross-sections stained with either the new or the conventional technique was not significantly different. Morphometric analysis revealed that small unreactive NFs (diameter less than 5 microns) are afferent, medium-sized ones (5 microns less than d less than 7 microns) are unclassifiable, and large ones (d greater than 7 microns) are efferent. The heterogenous CE activity of thick (alpha) motor NFs is linked to the type of their motor units. "Fast" motor units contain CE reactive NFs; "slow" ones have CE negative neurites.

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