Tryptophan hydroxylase can be present in mast cells and nerve fibers of the rat dura mater but only mast cells contain serotonin

The aim of the present study was to examine whether mast cells have the same variations as the related catecholaminergic nerve fibers. Chemical sympathectomy or surgical removal of right superior cervical ganglion induced a rapid decrease of fluorescence in both nerve fibers and mast cells, as confirmed by quantitative analysis (nerve fibers 19±1.1 vs 1.3±0.6; mast cell 10.8±1.9 vs 2.1±0.3). The results of quantitative analysis after nerve fiber stimulation (electrical), however, showed an increase of the fluorescence in both the nerve fibers and the mast cells (nerve fibers 43.4 ±2.4; mast cells 18.6 ±1.6). Moreover, we found that the basal zone is more innervated (regarding catecholaminergic nerve fibers) than the apical one, and that the fluorescence level decreases passing from the vasal zone to the perivasal and intervasal zones. Further studies are needed in order to clarify the role of fluorescent nerve fibers and mast cells of cerebral dura mater in cephalalgia.

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Ultrastructural evidence for mast cell-macrophage interrelationships in the dura mater of the rat: Infrequent mast cell-nerve associations

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100159308 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 352-353

Author(s):

Ruth V.W. Dimlich

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Dura Mater ◽

Spatial Relationship ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Plasma Extravasation ◽

Close Spatial Relationship ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Headache Pain ◽

Relationship Of

Mast cells in the dura mater of the rat may play a role in cerebral pathologies including neurogenic inflammation (vasodilation; plasma extravasation) and headache pain . As has been suggested for other tissues, dural mast cells may exhibit a close spatial relationship to nerves. There has been no detailed ultrastructural description of mast cells in this tissue; therefore, the goals of this study were to provide this analysis and to determine the spatial relationship of mast cells to nerves and other components of the dura mater in the rat.Four adult anesthetized male Wistar rats (290-400 g) were fixed by perfusion through the heart with 2% glutaraldehyde and 2.8% paraformaldehyde in a potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) for 30 min. The head of each rat was removed and stored in fixative for a minimum of 24 h at which time the dural coverings were removed and dissected into samples that included the middle meningeal vasculature. Samples were routinely processed and flat embedded in LX 112. Thick (1 um) sections from a minimum of 3 blocks per rat were stained with toluidine blue (0.5% aqueous).

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Pathophysiological Roles of Neuro-Immune Interactions between Enteric Neurons and Mucosal Mast Cells in the Gut of Food Allergy Mice

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10071586 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1586

Author(s):

Tomoe Yashiro ◽

Hanako Ogata ◽

Syed Faisal Zaidi ◽

Jaemin Lee ◽

Shusaku Hayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Allergy ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Imaging System ◽

Receptor Gene ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Enteric Neurons ◽

Food Allergies ◽

Adenosine A3 Receptor ◽

Myenteric Neurons ◽

Mucosal Mast Cells

Recently, the involvement of the nervous system in the pathology of allergic diseases has attracted increasing interest. However, the precise pathophysiological role of enteric neurons in food allergies has not been elucidated. We report the presence of functional high-affinity IgE receptors (FcεRIs) in enteric neurons. FcεRI immunoreactivities were observed in approximately 70% of cholinergic myenteric neurons from choline acetyltransferase-eGFP mice. Furthermore, stimulation by IgE-antigen elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration in isolated myenteric neurons from normal mice, suggesting that FcεRIs are capable of activating myenteric neurons. Additionally, the morphological investigation revealed that the majority of mucosal mast cells were in close proximity to enteric nerve fibers in the colonic mucosa of food allergy mice. Next, using a newly developed coculture system of isolated myenteric neurons and mucosal-type bone-marrow-derived mast cells (mBMMCs) with a calcium imaging system, we demonstrated that the stimulation of isolated myenteric neurons by veratridine caused the activation of mBMMCs, which was suppressed by the adenosine A3 receptor antagonist MRE 3008F20. Moreover, the expression of the adenosine A3 receptor gene was detected in mBMMCs. Therefore, in conclusion, it is suggested that, through interaction with mucosal mast cells, IgE-antigen-activated myenteric neurons play a pathological role in further exacerbating the pathology of food allergy.

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Evidence for a intimate relationship between mast cells and nerve fibers in the tongue of the frog,Rana esculenta

RENDICONTI LINCEI ◽

10.1007/bf03002322 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 93-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gabriella Chieffi Baccari ◽

Sergio Minucci

Keyword(s):

Mast Cells ◽

Intimate Relationship ◽

Rana Esculenta ◽

Nerve Fibers

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Electron Microscopical and Immunohistochemical Studies on the Induction of "Qi" Employing Needling Manipulation

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x92000047 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 20 (01) ◽

pp. 25-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Michio Kimura ◽

Kazuo Tohya ◽

Kyo-ichi Kuroiwa ◽

Hirohisa Oda ◽

E. Christo Gorawski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cells ◽

Nerve Fiber ◽

Functional Relationship ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Elastic Fibers ◽

Electron Microscopical Analysis ◽

Calcitonin Gene ◽

Transparent Materials ◽

Electron Microscopical ◽

Immunohistochemical Studies

During a sparrow-pecking and twisting-needle manipulation to the acupoints BL 23, 24 and 25 for an induction of "Qi", it was found that some transparent materials were binding to the needles after removed from the volunteer's skin. Electron-microscopical analysis of the transparent materials revealed that they corresponded to the injured fascia made up of collagen fibers, elastic fibers, fibroblasts, adipocytes and mast cells. Rarely were nerve fiber-like structures observed in the materials. Immunohistochemically, calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive nerve fibers could be demonstrated in the acupoint BL 24 associated fascia. A possible functional relationship between the needle manipulation and the induction of Qi-sensation is discussed along with the acupoint tissue constitution.

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Release of Histamine from Dural Mast Cells by Substance P and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1046/j.1468-2982.1997.1703166.x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 166-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 133

Author(s):

A Ottosson ◽

L Edvinsson

Keyword(s):

Mast Cells ◽

Substance P ◽

Histamine Release ◽

Dura Mater ◽

Neurogenic Inflammation ◽

Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Related Peptide ◽

Calcitonin Gene ◽

Peritoneal Mast Cells

The aim of the present study was to examine if the neuropeptides substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) can stimulate histamine release from mast cells in the dura mater and thereby play a role in cranial vasoregulation and local neurogenic inflammation. Dura mater mast cells were compared with peritoneal mast cells in the rat. Histamine was released from dura mater mast cells by compound 48/80, SP and CGRP but from peritoneal mast cells only by compound 8/80 and SP. NPY and VIP released quite small amounts of histamine from dural mast cells. The release on SP and CGRP from rat dura mater mast cells was blocked by the receptor antagonists FK888 and CGRP8-37 respectively, suggesting receptor mediated release mechanisms. None of the stimuli released histamine from human or porcine dural mast cells, possibly because the sampling procedure injures and incapacitates the cells.

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Histamine-containing peripheral neuronal and endocrine systems.

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/33.9.3894504 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 33 (9) ◽

pp. 933-941 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

P Panula ◽

M Kaartinen ◽

M Mäcklin ◽

E Costa

Keyword(s):

Mast Cells ◽

Guinea Pig ◽

Peripheral Nerves ◽

Endocrine Cells ◽

Ganglion Cell Layer ◽

Cell Layer ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Immunohistochemical Method ◽

Rat Stomach ◽

Rat Ileum

An immunohistochemical method was developed to detect histamine in tissues. The aim of this study was to reveal the cellular stores of histamine in the gastrointestinal tract, pituitary, and adrenal gland. Histamine-containing nerve fibers were found in both rat and guinea pig gut. The origin of at least some of these fibers in the rat ileum was the submucous ganglion cell layer. In the rat stomach, numerous enterochromaffin-like cells exhibited histamine immunofluorescence, and endocrine cells in the ileum and jejunum contained histamine. Only mast cells contained histamine in the neurohypophysis. A large number of process-bearing cells in the guinea pig but not in the rat adrenal medulla contained histamine. The study shows that histamine is present in peripheral nerves and endocrine cells in addition to mast cells, and may function as a neurotransmitter or hormone.

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Influence of the Sympathetic Nervous System as Well as Trigeminal Sensory Fibres on Rat Dural Mast Cells

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1046/j.1468-2982.1991.1105215.x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 215-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

JT Keller ◽

RVW Dimlich ◽

M Zuccarello ◽

L Lanker ◽

TA Strauss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Sympathetic Nervous System ◽

Dura Mater ◽

Autonomic Nerve ◽

Trigeminal System ◽

Vascular Headache ◽

Cervical Ganglion ◽

Sympathetic Nervous ◽

Potential Clinical Impact

The dura mater has attracted considerable attention as an exquisitely sensitive tissue implicated as playing a role in various cephalalgias including vascular headache. Because of the potential clinical impact of the relationship/interaction of neural elements and mast cells the influence of sensory and autonomic nerve fibres on mast cells of the rat dura mater was studied. The trigeminal or superior cervical ganglion was electrically stimulated and the mast cells were examined. Wholemount supratentorial dural preparations were stained using berberine sulphate and the number of mast cells with intact vs dispersed granules counted. Unilateral stimulation of either ganglia resulted in a statistically significant increase in the percentage of mast cells with dispersed granules ipsilateral to the side of stimulation. These results support our idea that in addition to the trigeminal system the sympathetic nervous system must be considered as playing a role in the oedema pathophysiology of vascular headache.

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Role Of Cgrp In Sensitization Of Dura Mater

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2001.428 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 20-20

Author(s):

K. Messlinger

Keyword(s):

Dura Mater ◽

Trigeminal Nerve ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

Trigeminovascular System ◽

Dura Mater Encephali ◽

Related Peptide ◽

Calcitonin Gene

The mammalian dura mater encephali is richly supplied by trigeminal nerve fibers, a considerable proportion of which contains calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). As plasma levels of CGRP are increased in some forms of headaches, the question is in which way CGRP is involved in nociceptive mechanisms within the peripheral and the central trigeminovascular system.

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