P151 Epidemiology of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) bacteria from the University of Alberta Hospital (UAH) and Stollery Children's Hospital (SCH)

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. S74-S75
Author(s):  
J. Salmon ◽  
S. Smith ◽  
G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Alberta Hospital ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
The University

scholarly journals Trends in Nosocomial Bloodstream Infections following Health Care Restructuring in Alberta between 1999 and 2005

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. e1-e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao-Cheng Lee ◽  
Lynora Saxinger ◽  
Sarah E Forgie ◽  
Geoffrey Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Health Care Delivery ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Alberta Hospital ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
The University

OBJECTIVE: A previous study at the University of Alberta Hospital/Stollery Children’s Hospital in Edmonton, Alberta, revealed an increase in hospital-acquired bloodstream infection (BSI) rates associated with an increase in patient acuity during a period of public health care delivery restructuring between 1993 and 1996. The present study assessed trends in BSIs since the end of the restructuring.DESIGN: Prospective surveillance for BSIs was performed using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USA) criteria for infection. BSI cases between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2005, were reviewed. Available measures of patient volumes, acuity and BSI risk factors between 1999 and 2005 were also reviewed from hospital records.SETTING: The University of Alberta Hospital/Stollery Children’s Hospital (617 adult and 139 pediatric beds, respectively).PATIENTS: All pediatric and adult patients admitted during the above-specified period with one or more episodes of BSIs.RESULTS: There was a significant overall decline in the BSI number and rate over the study period between 1999 and 2005. The downward trend was widespread, involving both adult and pediatric populations, as well as primary and secondary BSIs. During this period, the number of hospital-wide and intensive care unit admissions, intensive care unit central venous catheter-days, total parenteral nutrition days and number of solid-organ transplants were either unchanged or increased. Gram-positive bacterial causes of BSIs showed significant downward trends, but Gram-negative bacterial and fungal etiologies were unchanged.CONCLUSIONS: These data imply that, over time, hospitals can gradually adjust to changing patient care circumstances and, in this example, control infectious complications of health care delivery.

Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species in pediatric patients visiting International Friendship Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karuna Kayastha ◽  
Binod Dhungel ◽  
Shovana Karki ◽  
Bipin Adhikari ◽  
Megha Raj Banjara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Esbl Producers

Abstract Background Emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic strains has spread due to production of β-lactamases, which can lead to failure of empirical therapy in clinical settings. Inappropriate use of antibiotics, particularly third generation cephalosporins has contributed to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study aims to determine the prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) production in E. coli and Klebsiella species isolated from various clinical samples. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at International Friendship Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from August 2017 to January 2018. Various clinical samples that included urine, pus, Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (CSF), body fluids, wound swab, endotracheal tip, catheter tip and blood were processed for culture. Following sufficient incubation, isolates were identified by colony morphology, gram staining and necessary biochemical tests. Identified bacterial isolates were then tested for antibiotic susceptibility test by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method, and were subjected to Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) screening by using 30µg cefotaxime and ceftazidime. ESBL production was confirmed by combination disc method. Results From a total of 103 non-duplicated clinical isolates, E. coli (n=79), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=18) and K. oxytoca (n=6) were isolated from different clinical specimens. Majority (62.1%; 64/103) exhibited Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) and 28.2% (29/103) were ESBL producers. All of ESBL producing isolates were resistant towards ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime. Most ESBL producers were found to be susceptible towards imipenem (89.7%; 26/29), nitrofurantoin (82.8%; 24/29), piperacillin/tazobactam (79.3%; 23/29), and Amikacin (72.4%; 21/29). Conclusions High prevalence of multi-drug resistant ESBL organisms found in this study warrants restricting empirical treatment of the bacterial infection. Identification of ESBL producers in routine treatment of infectious diseases can reduce unnecessary and inappropriate antimicrobial use and can reduce the preventable morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern and Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (blaCTX-M) Gene in Escherichia coli from Urinary Tract Infections at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Chirwa ◽  
Georgina Mulundu ◽  
Kunda Ndashe ◽  
Kalo Kanongesha ◽  
Kaziwe Simpokolwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The University

Urinary tract infections caused by Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing Escherichia coli are increasing globally and yet treatment still remains a challenge due to antibiotic resistance of the causative agent. The aim of the study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and detect the presence of blaCTX-M gene in Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infection patients at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. This was a cross-sectional study that involved the collection of urine samples from patients who were diagnosed with urinary tract infections. The samples were cultured on MacConkey agar complemented with cefotaxime and Polymerase Chain Reaction was performed to confirm the Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producers by detecting the CTX-M gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted using standard methods. A total of 327 urine samples were cultured and 15 (4.6%) of these samples were positive ESBL producers. The isolates showed complete resistance to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole. Multi drug-resistant Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing Escherichia coli was detected in 4.6 % of UTI patients at the University Teaching Hospital.

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