How do patients with social phobia manage interpersonal distance during social interactions ?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 162-162
Author(s):  
S. Lambrey ◽  
C. Voisin ◽  
F.-X. Roucault ◽  
P. Canet ◽  
G. Rauturau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Cognition Disorders ◽  
Interpersonal Distance ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Distance Setting

Personal space is the area individuals maintain around themselves into which others cannot intrude without arousing discomfort. This concept is potentially relevant in clinical psychiatry, especially in the context of disorders associated with social anxiety or social cognition disorders. Consistent with this idea, some rare studies have shown that personal space managing and interpersonal distance setting is disturbed in schizophrenic and bipolar patients. However, surprisingly, there is no data on personal space in social phobia. In this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of personal space in patients with social phobia using immersive and interactive virtual environments. Overall, the more the level of anxiety the more subjects leave space between themselves and others. The detailed results are discussed in the frame of cognitive models of social anxiety.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Social Anxiety Disorder among Medical Students from Six Medical Schools in Khartoum State

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazeem Abeljaleel Suleiman ◽  
Sara Ahmed Elamin ◽  
Abdalaziz Awad Alobeid ◽  
Wegdan Elshame Altaib
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Physical Symptoms

Background: Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) is a type of anxiety disorder which is characterized by significant anxiety and discomfort about being embarrassed, humiliated, rejected, or looked down on in social interactions. Although it affects about 30% of adults worldwide at some point in their lives, lifetime social anxiety disorder affects only about 4% of the world population. People with this disorder experience extreme fear of social interactions (e.g., public speaking and meeting new people). This anxiety affects daily functions and lasts at least six months. They may also experience strong physical symptoms like rapid heart rate, nausea, vomiting, and full-blown attacks. Social phobia can be treated by a combination of psychotherapy and medical treatment (e.g., anti-anxiety, antidepressants, and beta-blockers). Methods: This study was conducted using the Arabic SPIN and a group of questions to assess the associated factors, complications, and sociodemographic determinate of social anxiety disorder and included a total of 375 medical students from different universities and educational years. Results: The overall prevalence of social anxiety disorder among our participants was 61.3%, of which 19.2% had mild, 21.6% moderate, 10.9% severe, and 9.6% had very severe SAD. There was a significant difference regarding self-esteem, academic achievement, and drug addiction between students with social phobia and students with no social phobia. Conclusion: Social phobia is quite prevalent among Sudanese medical students, particularly the severe form of the disorder with no significant gender differences. It seems to affect self-esteem and academic achievement and can be associated with drug addiction.

Virtual Social Interactions in Social Anxiety—The Impact of Sex, Gaze, and Interpersonal Distance

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias J. Wieser ◽  
Paul Pauli ◽  
Miriam Grosseibl ◽  
Ina Molzow ◽  
Andreas Mühlberger
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Interpersonal Distance ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Disgust Proneness and Personal Space in Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 147470491987099
Author(s):  
Anne Schienle ◽  
Daniela Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Interpersonal Distance ◽  
Imagined Contact ◽  
Disgust Proneness ◽  
Core Disgust

Individuals vary in their personal space (PS) size as reflected by the preferred distance to another person during social interactions. A previous study with adults showed that pathogen-relevant disgust proneness (DP) predicted PS magnitude. The present study investigated whether this association between DP and PS already exists in 8- to 12-year-old children (144 girls, 101 boys). The children answered a disgust questionnaire with the two trait dimensions “core disgust (contact with spoiled food and poor hygiene) and “death-relevant disgust” (imagined contact with dead and dying organisms). PS magnitude was assessed with a paper–pencil measure (drawing a PS bubble; Experiment 1) or with the stop-distance task (preferred distance to an approaching woman or man; Experiment 2). In both experiments, only death-related disgust predicted PS magnitude and only if the approaching person was male. The current study questions the relevance of pathogen-related disgust in children for regulating interpersonal distance.

Equilibrium Theory Revisited: Mutual Gaze and Personal Space in Virtual Environments

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy N. Bailenson ◽  
Jim Blascovich ◽  
Andrew C. Beall ◽  
Jack M. Loomis
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Interpersonal Distance ◽  
Gaze Behavior ◽  
Immersive Virtual Environment ◽  
Mutual Gaze

During the last half of the twentieth century, psychologists and anthropologists have studied proxemics, or spacing behavior, among people in many contexts. As we enter the twenty-first century, immersive virtual environment technology promises new experimental venues in which researchers can study proxemics. Immersive virtual environments provide realistic and compelling experimental settings without sacrificing experimental control. The experiment reported here tested Argyle and Dean's (1965) equilibrium theory's specification of an inverse relationship between mutual gaze, a nonverbal cue signaling intimacy, and interpersonal distance. Participants were immersed in a three-dimensional virtual room in which a virtual human representation (that is, an embodied agent) stood. Under the guise of a memory task, participants walked towards and around the agent. Distance between the participant and agent was tracked automatically via our immersive virtual environment system. All participants maintained more space around agents than they did around similarly sized and shaped but nonhuman-like objects. Female participants maintained more interpersonal distance between themselves and agents who engaged them in eye contact (that is, mutual gaze behavior) than between themselves and agents who did not engage them in eye contact, whereas male participants did not. Implications are discussed for the study of proxemics via immersive virtual environment technology, as well as the design of virtual environments and virtual humans.

Designing virtual environments for the treatment of social phobia

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Klinger ◽  
I. Chemin ◽  
P. Legeron ◽  
S. Roy ◽  
F. Lauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Phobia ◽  
Virtual Environments

Social anxiety in virtual environments: A pilot study

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. James ◽  
Chien-yu Lin ◽  
Anthony Steed ◽  
Mel Slater
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Virtual Environments

Human interactions and personal space in collaborative virtual environments

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Nassiri ◽  
Norman Powell ◽  
David Moore
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Collaborative Virtual Environments ◽  
Human Interactions

Konvergenz von Skalen zur Erfassung sozialer Ängste: Ein IRT-Linking Ansatz

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Cardace ◽  
Julian Rubel ◽  
Uwe Altmann ◽  
Martin Merkler ◽  
Brian Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Symptom Inventory ◽  
Psychiatrische Patienten ◽  
Graded Response ◽  
Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale

Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Bei der Untersuchung von sozialer Ängstlichkeit haben sich die Fragebögen Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) und das Social Phobia-Inventory (SPIN) etabliert. Außerdem wird zum Screening sozialer Ängstlichkeit häufig die Subskala Unsicherheit im Sozialkontakt des Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-53) eingesetzt. Alle drei Skalen geben vor dasselbe Konstrukt zu erfassen. Somit stellt sich die Frage der Konvergenz dieser Skalen. Um Forschungsergebnisse zu sozialer Ängstlichkeit, welche diese Instrumente nutzen, über einen fragebogenübergreifenden Faktor (Common-Faktor) vergleichbar zu machen, wird in der vorliegenden Studie ein Item Response Theorie (IRT) Linking Ansatz verwendet. Methodik 64 deutschsprachige psychiatrische Patienten und 295 Probanden aus der deutschen Normalbevölkerung füllten die drei Fragebögen aus. Verschiedene IRT-Modelle – darunter Graded Response Modelle (GRM) – wurden an die Daten angepasst und verglichen. Basierend auf dem Modell mit dem besten Fit wurden Regressionsanalysen durchgeführt. Der Common-Faktor wurde dabei jeweils von den Fragebogensummenwerten vorhergesagt. Ergebnisse Der Zusammenhang zwischen den verschiedenen Skalen wird am besten durch ein Bi-Faktor GRM erklärt (RMSEA=0,036; CFI=0,977; WRMR=1,061). Anhand der Ergebnisse der Regressionsanalysen lassen sich drei Gleichungen zur Transformation von Fragebogensummenwerten ableiten. Schlussfolgerung Durch den IRT Linking Ansatz konnte ein fragebogenübergreifender genereller Faktor Sozialer Ängstlichkeit abgeleitet werden. Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede wurden dabei berücksichtigt. Dies hat sowohl für die Forschung als auch für die Praxis Vorteile. Eine Replikation dieser Studie sowie die Implementierung weiterer Instrumente wird empfohlen, um die Gültigkeit dieses Ansatzes zu überprüfen und die Ergebnisse zu generalisieren.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document