scholarly journals Mental health problems in children with prader-willi syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 354-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Skokauskas ◽  
J. Meehan ◽  
L. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Special Schools ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
And Control

IntroductionPrader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetically determined neurodevelopmental disorder which occurs in approximately 1 in 22000 births.MethodsParents of subjects with genetically confirmed PWS (participating in the First National Irish PWS study) were asked to fill in a demographic questionnaire, The Child Behaviour Checklist 6–18 (CBCL/6–18), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). The age, gender and IQ matched control group was collected through Special Schools.ResultsBoth groups (PWS and Controls) were comprised of 24 children. Internalizing problems score was higher in children with PWS than controls (T mean score (62.02 (SD = 10.17) vs. 58.13 (SD = 7.53) p < . 05). The comparison of PWS and control group along CBCL/6–18 syndromes profiles indicated that children with PWS had more sever somatic problems (mean T 63.50 SD = 8.41 vs. 56.13 SD = 6.31, p< .05), social problems (mean T 64.71 SD = 8.95 vs. 58.79 SD = 9.41, p < .05), thoughts problems (mean T 67.71 SD = 9.71 vs. 58.04 SD = 7.17, p < .05) and were more withdrawn/depressed (mean T 64.04 SD = 9.11 vs. 55.46 SD = 6.48, p < .05). Borderline difficulties were detected for the affective, somatic and ADHD CBCL DSM orientated subscales in PWS group with PWS children having significantly more somatic (mean T 63.05 SD = 8.33 vs. 52.00 SD = 6.48, P < .05) and affective (mean T 66.22 SD = 8.51, vs. 60.08 SD = 6.829 P < .05) problems than controls. The analysis of BSI scales revealed that parents of PSW children in comparison to controls had more somatization, phobic anxiety, obsessive compulsion, and anxiety problems.ConclusionsPWS represents a complex psychological disorder with multiple areas of disturbances.

A Case Of Prader-Willi Syndrome With Behavioural Disturbances: A Successful Multidisciplinary Management Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Nor Jannah Nasution Raduan ◽  
Mohd Razali Salleh ◽  
Norharlina Bahar ◽  
Mohd Faiz Md Tahir ◽  
Najwa Hanim Md Rosli
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Family Therapist ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Adolescent Psychiatrist ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Genetically Determined

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetically determined neurodevelopmental disorder occurring in 1 in 15,000 births. PWS is a rare case in Malaysia and a successful approach to its management has not been well reported here. We present a case of a 13-year-old boy with Prader-Willi Syndrome with prominent behavioural disturbances characterised by temper tantrums, compulsive food intake, stubbornness, stealing and impulsivity further complicated by underlying morbid obesity, poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and intellectual disability. Multidisciplinary approach involving child and adolescent psychiatrist, occupational therapist, counsellor, family therapist, endocrinologist and dietician has shown to improve the patient’s weight, glucose and blood pressure control and most importantly the behavioural disturbances.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF AUDIO THERAPY USING AL-QUR'AN MURROTAL ON BEHAVIOR DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-477
Author(s):  
Anjar Astuti ◽  
Suryono Suryono ◽  
Melyana Nurul Widyawati ◽  
Ari Suwondo ◽  
Mardiyono Mardiyono
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Behavioral Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Audio therapy is considered as one of the complementary therapies to improve the behavior of children with autism.Objective: This study was to analysis the effectiveness of the Al-Qur'an murrotal audio therapy on behavioral development in children with autism.Methods: This study was a true-experimental research using pretest and posttest approach with control group. This research was conducted on November 2016 in the Autism Foundation of Semarang City. There were 30 samples were selected using simple random sampling, with 15 samples assigned in the experiment and control group. Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analysis in this study.Results: Results showed that there was a significant difference in the mean of behavioral development after given intervention between the experiment group and control group with p-value 0.034 (<0.05). The mean of behavioral development in the experiment group (4.53) was higher than the mean in the control group (3.47).Conclusion: The Al-Qur'an murrotal audio therapy is effective to develop behavior of children with autism. Therefore, it is expected that this audio therapy can be applied an alternative therapy for children with autism.

A study of the dermatoglyphic pattern in diabetic subjects in Kalaburagi district

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Arshiya Zeba ◽  
Mohd Ibrahim Pasha ◽  
Khwaja Nawazuddin Sarwari ◽  
Mohammed Mateen Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ridge Count ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Hereditary Disorders ◽  
Plantar Region ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Dermatoglyphics is the scientific study of epidermal ridges and their configurations on the palmar region of hand and fingers and plantar region of foot and toes. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defect in insulin secretion, action or both. Dermatoglyphic patterns are genetically determined and can be used as supportive for diagnosis of various hereditary disorders including T2DM. This study was carried out to compare palmar dermatoglyphic pattern in T2DM and control group and compare with previous studies. A hospital based case control study was conducted 100 cases of T2DM are taken from Basaweshwar hospital Gulbarga, and another 100 persons are included as control group. The palms and fingers are smeared with ink to bring out the dermatoglyphiic patterns which were subsequently studied.There was increased number of whorls and decreased number of ulnar loops in both T2DM patients compared with normal individuals. Total finger ridge count and Absolute finger ridge count is increased in both T2DM patients and there is also increased atd angle. The knowledge of dermatoglyphics in patients with T2DM and essential hypertension can be utilized to find out genetic correlation. The existence of such relation might be important for the screening programme for prevention of T2DM.

Posttraumatic stress disorder and and concomitant comorbidity in BIH war veterans 12 years after war

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1073-1073
Author(s):  
M. Klarić ◽  
T. Frančišković ◽  
B. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Somatic Comorbidity ◽  
Chronic Somatic Diseases ◽  
Somatic Diseases

IntroductionPTSD is dominant, but rarely the only psychological disorder that is present among individuals who have a history of exposure to traumatic event.ObjectivesTo examine morbidity in veterans 12 years after the war, with special emphasis on comorbidity of PTSD and other psychiatric disorders.MethodsThe study population consisted of 154 veterans who sought psychiatric treatment due to PTSD. The control group consisted of 77 war veterans who do not have PTSD, collected by snow balling method through veteran associations. The study used a general demographic questionnaire, the HTQ-version for BiH, and the MINI.ResultsVeterans who sought psychiatric treatment due to PTSD, were experienced a significantly greater number of traumatic events (t = 5.66; P < 0.001) and achieved significantly higher scores on a scale of PTSD symptoms (t = 15.291; P < 0.001), perceived personal functionality (t = 12.491; P < 0.001) and the overall result of traumatic symptoms (t = 14.499; P < 0.001). Additionally, among veterans with PTSD there are significantly more of those who reported chronic somatic diseases (X2 = 17.988; P < 0.001), who met the criteria for the diagnosis of current depressive episode (X2 = 36.297; P < 0.001), previous depressive episode (X2 = 29.356; P < 0.001), depressive episode with melancholic features (X2 = 29.356; P < 0.001), dysthymia (X2 = 9.959; P = 0.007), the criteria for the diagnosis of panic disorder with agoraphobia (X2 = 5.490; P = 0.019), PTSD (X2 = 102.018; P < 0.001) and generalized anxiety disorder (X2 = 89.755; P < 0.001).ConclusionAlthough PTSD is the dominant cause for seeking psychiatric treatment in veterans, PTSD promotes a comprehensive psychiatric and somatic comorbidity, and predominated are anxious and affective disorders.

scholarly journals Suicidality and Self-Harming Behaviors in Patients with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS): Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Val Bellman ◽  
Zargham Abbass ◽  
Ramsa Sohail ◽  
Syed Jafri
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Administration ◽  
Mild Intellectual Disability ◽  
Behavioral Challenges ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Relapse Rates

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder which is often associated with significant behavioral challenges and poor intellectual functioning. Research has shown that individuals with PWS are more likely to experience mental health problems, have higher relapse rates, and are at risk of self-harming behavior. Although PWS is associated with mild intellectual disability, which in itself confers a higher mortality rate, suicidality in this population is so far unreported in the literature. We present the case of an 18-year-old male patient who was admitted to our facility following exogenous insulin administration with suicidal intent. The main clinical characteristics, self-harming behaviors, and suicide risk factors of patients with PWS are discussed in this report. The article’s objective is to redirect clinicians’ attention to carefully screen and treat the underlying behavioral problems in PWS patients.

Efficacy of a written prayer technique on the anxiety of mothers of children with cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Maryam Ahmadi ◽  
Khdije Zaree ◽  
Anoushirvan Kazemnejad Leily ◽  
Akram Sadat Sadat Hoseini
Keyword(s):  
Group Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
And Control

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of a written prayer technique on the anxiety of mothers of children with cancer.MethodThis clinical trial recruited 90 mothers of children with cancer admitted to the Medical Centre of Tehran. Using a convenience sampling method, we randomly assigned the participants to two groups: control (n = 45) and intervention (n = 45). Data were collected through the Spielberger's anxiety scale and a demographic questionnaire. Maternal anxiety was measured before the intervention, immediately after the three-day intervention, and five weeks after the intervention. We used a writing technique in the intervention and control groups for 20 minutes over three consecutive days. In the intervention group, participants wrote down their sincere desires and wishes that they demanded from God without any worry or stress. The control group spent 20 minutes writing their normal daily schedules; for example, feeding their children or changing their children's clothes. During the three consecutive days of intervention, we asked both groups not to worry about grammar or spelling errors. Finally, the data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods.ResultA statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups (intervention and control mean, 34.9 ± 9.9 and 47.9 ± 16.2, respectively) relative to anxiety after the intervention (p < 0.001). After five weeks, the intervention group continued to exhibit significantly reduced anxiety compared with the control group (intervention and control mean, 34.7 ± 9.6 and 48.5 ± 16.4; p < 0.001).Significance of resultsThe written prayer technique appears to be an effective, efficient, cost-effective, and practical method for reducing anxiety in mothers of children with cancer.

scholarly journals A study of the dermatoglyphic pattern in essential hypertension subjects in Kalaburagi test

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Arshiya Zeba ◽  
Mohd Ibrahim Pasha ◽  
Mohammed Mateen Ahmed ◽  
Khwaja Nawazuddin Sarwari
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ridge Count ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Hereditary Disorders ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Dermatoglyphics sterms from the ancient art of palmistry, which was practiced from time immemorial and is still followed throughout India by the Joshi caste. There appears to exist an extremely old volume, on the markings on the hands possessed and treasured by the Hindus. From here, this art has spread throughout the world.Essential hypertension is the category of hypertension that has no identifiable cause, it is associated with aging and inherited genetic factors. Positive family history increases the risk. Dermatoglyphic patterns are genetically determined and can be used as supportive for diagnosis of various hereditary disorders including essential hypertension. This study was carried out to compare palmar dermatoglyphic pattern in, essential hypertension and control group and compare with previous studies.A hospital based case control study was conducted 100 essential hypertensive patients are taken from Basaweshwar hospital Gulbarga, and another 100 persons are included as control group. The palms and fingers are smeared with ink to bring out the dermatoglyphiic patterns which were subsequently studied.There was increased number of whorls and decreased number of ulnar loops in essential hypertensive patients compared with normal individuals. Total finger ridge count and Absolute finger ridge count is increased in Essential hypertension patients and there is also increased atd angle.The knowledge of dermatoglyphics in patients with essential hypertension can be utilized to find out genetic correlation. The existence of such relation might be important for the screening programme for prevention of essential hypertension.

scholarly journals Online and Recovery-Oriented Support Groups Facilitated by Peer Support Workers in Times of COVID-19: Protocol for a Feasibility Pre-Post Study

10.2196/22500 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e22500
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Pelletier ◽  
Janie Houle ◽  
Marie-Hélène Goulet ◽  
Robert-Paul Juster ◽  
Charles-Édouard Giguère ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Clinical Recovery ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background In times of pandemics, social distancing, isolation, and quarantine have precipitated depression, anxiety, and substance misuse. Scientific literature suggests that patients living with mental health problems or illnesses (MHPIs) who interact with peer support workers (PSWs) experience not only the empathy and connectedness that comes from similar life experiences but also feel hope in the possibility of recovery. So far, it is the effect of mental health teams or programs with PSWs that has been evaluated. Objective This paper presents the protocol for a web-based intervention facilitated by PSWs. The five principal research questions are whether this intervention will have an impact in terms of (Q1) personal-civic recovery and (Q2) clinical recovery, (Q3) how these recovery potentials can be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, (Q4) how the lived experience of persons in recovery can be mobilized to cope with such a situation, and (Q5) how sex and gender considerations can be taken into account for the pairing of PSWs with service users beyond considerations based solely on psychiatric diagnoses or specific MHPIs. This will help us assess the impact of PSWs in this setting. Methods PSWs will lead a typical informal peer support group within the larger context of online peer support groups, focusing on personal-civic recovery. They will be scripted with a fixed, predetermined duration (a series of 10 weekly 90-minute online workshops). There will be 2 experimental subgroups—patients diagnosed with (1) psychotic disorders (n=10) and (2) anxiety or mood disorders (n=10)—compared to a control group (n=10). Random assignment to the intervention and control arms will be conducted using a 2:1 ratio. Several instruments will be used to assess clinical recovery (eg, the Recovery Assessment Scale, the Citizenship Measure questionnaire). The COVID-19 Stress Scales will be used to assess effects in terms of clinical recovery and stress- or anxiety-related responses to COVID-19. Changes will be compared between groups from baseline to endpoint in the intervention and control groups using the Student paired sample t test. Results This pilot study was funded in March 2020. The protocol was approved on June 16, 2020, by the Research Ethics Committees of the Montreal Mental Health University Institute. Recruitment took place during the months of July and August, and results are expected in December 2020. Conclusions Study results will provide reliable evidence on the effectiveness of a web-based intervention provided by PSWs. The investigators, alongside key decision makers and patient partners, will ensure knowledge translation throughout, and our massive open online course (MOOC), The Fundamentals of Recovery, will be updated with the evidence and new knowledge generated by this feasibility study. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04445324; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04445324 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/22500

scholarly journals Excessive visual crowding effects in developmental dyscalculia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Castaldi ◽  
Marco Turi ◽  
Sahawanatou Gassama ◽  
Manuela Piazza ◽  
Evelyn Eger
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Orientation Discrimination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
List Type ◽  
Developmental Dyscalculia ◽  
Crowding Effects ◽  
Attentional Difficulties ◽  
And Control ◽  
Visual Crowding

AbstractVisual crowding refers to the inability to identify objects when surrounded by other similar items. Crowding-like mechanisms are thought to play a key role in numerical perception by determining the sensory mechanisms through which ensembles are perceived. Enhanced visual crowding might hence prevent the normal development of a system involved in segregating and perceiving discrete numbers of items and ultimately the acquisition of more abstract numerical skills. Here, we investigated whether excessive crowding occurs in developmental dyscalculia (DD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulty in learning the most basic numerical and arithmetical concepts, and whether it is found independently of associated major reading and attentional difficulties. We measured spatial crowding in two groups of adult individuals with DD and control subjects. In separate experiments, participants were asked to discriminate the orientation of a Gabor patch either in isolation or under spatial crowding. Orientation discrimination thresholds were comparable across groups when stimuli were shown in isolation, yet they were much higher for the DD group with respect to the control group when the target was crowded by closely neighbouring flanking gratings. The difficulty in discriminating orientation (as reflected by the combination of accuracy and reaction times) in the DD compared to the control group persisted over several larger target flanker distances. Finally, we found that the degree of such spatial crowding correlated with impairments in mathematical abilities even when controlling for visual attention and reading skills. These results suggest that excessive crowding effects might be a characteristic of DD, independent of other associated neurodevelopmental disorders.Bullet pointsPeople with DD have difficulty learning about numbers and arithmetics.Perception of non-symbolic number seems to be modulated by visual crowding.Can stronger than normal crowding effects contribute to the origin of DD?We measured crowding with orientation discrimination tasks using Gabor gratings.Abnormal crowding characterizes DD independently of other developmental deficits.

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