DRD4 polymorphism predicts the effect of L-DOPA on gambling behaviour

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1049-1049
Author(s):  
C. Eisenegger ◽  
D. Knoch ◽  
R.P. Ebstein ◽  
L.R.R. Gianotti ◽  
P.S. Sándor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
D4 Receptor ◽  
Challenging Question ◽  
Dopaminergic Stimulation ◽  
Dopamine Modulation

A challenging question in the fields of neuroscience and addiction research is why some individuals are more vulnerable than others to addictive disorders. Pharmacogenetic studies investigating how genetic variation leads to differential drug response offer a way to unravel this mystery.In recent years, impulse control disorders, in particular pathological gambling, have been described in Parkinson's patients; these problems are most likely associated with dopaminergic treatment. Interestingly, only a subgroup of Parkinson's patients develops pathological gambling, raising the question whether there might be an interaction between genetic predisposition and dopaminergic drug administration. By applying a pharmacogenetic approach in 200 healthy subjects, we observed a differential effect of dopaminergic stimulation using 300 mg of L-DOPA on gambling behaviour, depending on variation in the dopamine D4 receptor gene. Carriers of the 7 repeats allele of the DRD4 exon III variable number tandem repeat polymorphism show an increased propensity to gamble after dopamine modulation. These findings may have implications for the dopaminergic treatment of Parkinson's disease patients by offering a genotype approach for determining individual susceptibilities for pathological gambling. They may also afford insights into the vulnerability mechanisms underlying addictive behaviour.

scholarly journals The gray matter volume of the temporoparietal junction varies across cultures: a moderating role of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinobu Kitayama ◽  
Qinggang Yu ◽  
Anthony P King ◽  
Carolyn Yoon ◽  
Israel Liberzon
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Dopamine D4 Receptor ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Temporoparietal Junction ◽  
European Americans ◽  
D4 Receptor

Abstract Prior work shows that compared to European Americans, East Asians show an enhanced propensity to take the perspective of another person. In the current work, we tested whether this cultural difference might be reflected in the gray matter (GM) volume of the temporoparietal junction (TPJ), a brain region selectively implicated in perspective taking and mentalizing. We also explored whether the cultural difference in the TPJ GM volume might be moderated by dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) exon 3 variable-number tandem repeat polymorphism. Structural magnetic resonance imaging of 66 European Americans and 66 East Asian-born Asians were subjected to voxel-based morphometry. It was observed that the GM volume of the right TPJ was greater among East Asians than among European Americans. Moreover, this cultural difference was significantly more pronounced among carriers of the 7- or 2-repeat allele of DRD4 than among the non-carriers of these alleles. Our findings contribute to the growing evidence that culture can shape the brain.

The effects of child maltreatment and polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter and dopamine D4 receptor genes on infant attachment and intervention efficacy

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dante Cicchetti ◽  
Fred A. Rogosch ◽  
Sheree L. Toth
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Strange Situation ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Intervention Efficacy ◽  
D4 Receptor ◽  
The Stability

AbstractThis investigation examined the extent to which polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) and the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) genes differentially influenced the development of attachment security and disorganization in maltreated and nonmaltreated infants at age 13 months, and the extent to which the efficacy of preventive interventions to promote attachment security were influenced by genetic variation. The sample consisted of 106 infants from maltreating families, participating in a randomized control trial evaluating the efficacy of two interventions, child–parent psychotherapy and psychoeducational parenting intervention, and 47 infants from nonmaltreating families. DNA samples were genotyped for polymorphisms of5-HTTLPR,DRD4exon III variable number tandem repeat, andDRD4-521. Attachment organization at age 1 and at age 2 was assessed with the Strange Situation for all participants, prior to and following the completion of the interventions. High rates of disorganized attachment were observed in the maltreatment compared to the nonmaltreatment group, and both interventions resulted in increased rates of attachment security at age 2. Genetic variation did not influence improvement in attachment organization among maltreated infants. Among maltreated infants, genetic variation had minimal effect on attachment organization. In contrast, among nonmaltreated infants,5-HTTLPRandDRD4polymorphisms influenced attachment security and disorganization at age 2 and the stability of attachment disorganization over time.

scholarly journals Association between the dopamine D4 receptor gene exon III variable number of tandem repeats and political attitudes in female Han Chinese

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1813) ◽  
pp. 20151360
Author(s):  
Richard P. Ebstein ◽  
Mikhail V. Monakhov ◽  
Yunfeng Lu ◽  
Yushi Jiang ◽  
Poh San Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Han Chinese ◽  
Political Attitude ◽  
Dopamine D4 Receptor ◽  
The Social ◽  
D4 Receptor

Twin and family studies suggest that political attitudes are partially determined by an individual's genotype. The dopamine D4 receptor gene ( DRD4 ) exon III repeat region that has been extensively studied in connection with human behaviour, is a plausible candidate to contribute to individual differences in political attitudes. A first United States study provisionally identified this gene with political attitude along a liberal–conservative axis albeit contingent upon number of friends. In a large sample of 1771 Han Chinese university students in Singapore, we observed a significant main effect of association between the DRD4 exon III variable number of tandem repeats and political attitude. Subjects with two copies of the 4-repeat allele (4R/4R) were significantly more conservative. Our results provided evidence for a role of the DRD4 gene variants in contributing to individual differences in political attitude particularly in females and more generally suggested that associations between individual genes, and neurochemical pathways, contributing to traits relevant to the social sciences can be provisionally identified.

A Variable-Number-of-Tandem-Repeats Polymorphism in the Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene Affects Social Adaptation of Alcohol Use

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1064-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Larsen ◽  
Carmen S. van der Zwaluw ◽  
Geertjan Overbeek ◽  
Isabela Granic ◽  
Barbara Franke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Dopamine D4 Receptor ◽  
D4 Receptor

scholarly journals The Association between a MAOB Variable Number Tandem Repeat Polymorphism and Cocaine and Opiate Addictions in Polyconsumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1265
Author(s):  
César Mateu ◽  
Marta Rodríguez-Arias ◽  
Isis Gil-Miravet ◽  
Ana Benito ◽  
José M. Tomás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Repeat Polymorphism ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Vntr Polymorphisms ◽  
Tandem Repeat Polymorphism

Genetic analysis of the association between alcohol, cocaine, and opiate addiction and variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms in monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) and serotonergic 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B and 2C (HTR1B 21 and HTR2C) pathway genes was performed in a sample of 302 polyconsumers. Our genetic association analysis revealed a significant association between a 184 base pair (bp) VNTR polymorphism in the MAOB gene and addiction to cocaine and opiates. This work highlights new genetic marker associations in cocaine and opiate polyconsumer addictions. These data help to clarify and quantify the complex role of genetics in addictive disorders, as well as their future contribution to the prevention (genetic counselling), diagnosis (genetic diagnosis of vulnerability), and treatment (pharmacogenomics) of these disorders.

Genetic association study between pathological gambling and a functional DNA polymorphism at the D4 receptor gene

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
I P??rez de Castro ◽  
A Ib????ez ◽  
P Torres ◽  
J S??iz-Ruiz ◽  
J Fern??ndez-Piqueras
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Genetic Association ◽  
Genetic Association Study ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Functional Dna ◽  
D4 Receptor

scholarly journals The VNTR 48 bp Polymorphism in the DRD4 Gene Is Associated with Higher Tobacco Smoking in Male Mexican Mestizo Smokers with and without COPD

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Gloria Pérez-Rubio ◽  
Salvador García-Carmona ◽  
Leonor García-Gómez ◽  
Andrea Hernández-Pérez ◽  
Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Drd4 Gene ◽  
Mexican Mestizo ◽  
The Third ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

Cigarette smoking is influenced by nicotine’s effects on dopaminergic activity, which appear to be moderated by genetic variation, particularly a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR, 48 bp) polymorphism in the third exon of the dopamine receptor gene (DRD4). Smokers with the VNTR ≥7 repeats (long, L allele) report markedly increased participation in some smoking behaviors; hence, our aim was to evaluate the association of the L allele in Mexican Mestizo smokers with and without COPD. The DRD4 VNTR 48 bp was genotyped in 492 Mexican Mestizo smokers: 164 COPD patients (≥20 cigarettes per day, cpd), 164 heavy smokers without COPD (HS, ≥20 cpd) and 164 light smokers without COPD (LS, 1–10 cpd). In the dominant model analysis (SL + LL vs. SS), men in the COPD and HS groups showed a statistical difference compared to LS (p = 0.01, OR = 2.06, CI 95% 1.17–3.64 and p = 0.05, OR = 1.88, CI 95% 1.03–3.45, respectively). In addition, by clustering smokers >20 cpd (COPD + HS) and comparing with the LS group, we found an association with increased risk of higher tobacco smoking p = 0.01, OR = 1.99, CI 95% 1.18–3.34. In conclusion, the long allele (L) in the VNTR of the DRD4 gene is associated with the risk of presenting higher tobacco smoking in male Mexican Mestizo smokers.

scholarly journals Dopamine D4 receptor gene variation is associated with context-dependent attention for emotion stimuli

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony T. Wells ◽  
Christopher G. Beevers ◽  
Valerie S. Knopik ◽  
John E. McGeary
Keyword(s):  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Intermediate Phenotype ◽  
Dopamine D4 Receptor ◽  
Gene Variation ◽  
Sad Mood ◽  
D4 Receptor

Abstract Dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene variation has been associated with biased attention for contextually relevant information (e.g. images of cigarettes among smokers). No research has examined whether DRD4 variation is associated with biased attention for contextually cued emotion stimuli, an important putative intermediate phenotype for a number of pathologies (e.g. depression and anxiety). We conducted two studies examining the relationship between the DRD4 variable number tandem repeats polymorphism and attention bias for facial expressions of emotion following a mood-state manipulation in healthy young adult samples. Study 1 demonstrated that long (i.e. seven or greater tandem repeats) DRD4 allele carriers vs. short DRD4 homozygotes had increased attention for sad facial stimuli, but only after a sad mood provocation. Study 2 demonstrated an association between the long DRD4 allele and attention for negative stimuli (sad and fear expressions) following a sad mood provocation. These studies are the first to demonstrate an association between the long DRD4 allele and biased attention for contextually cued emotion stimuli, an important cognitive mechanism thought to increase risk for affective psychopathology. Implications of these studies for vulnerability and plasticity models of psychiatric genetics are discussed.

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