P.3.d.017 Prevalence and predictors of the metabolic syndrome in patients on the long term atypical antipsychotic treatment

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic which is described to have higher efficacy among all available antipsychotic medications. Clozapine is reserved especially for resistant schizophrenia due to its side effects. Clozapine-induced metabolic syndrome and hyperglycaemia are common long-term side effects and are responsible for increased mortality in patients with schizophrenia. In this case, a patient with resistant schizophrenia was presented with acute-onset hyperglycaemia and delirium with the use of clozapine within a week. Withdrawal of clozapine in the patient led to the improvement in delirium and hyperglycaemia without the use of any hypoglycaemic agent. This case supports the notion that in certain cases clozapine can induce hyperglycemia through possible direct pathophysiological mechanisms within a shorter time frame.

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Cardiovascular and Metabolic Consequences of Liver Transplantation: A Review

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina55080489 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (8) ◽

pp. 489

Author(s):

Plotogea ◽

Ilie ◽

Sandru ◽

Chiotoroiu ◽

Bratu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Liver Transplantation ◽

De Novo ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Term Survival ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Acute Liver Disease

Liver transplantation (LT) is considered the curative treatment option for selected patients who suffer from end-stage or acute liver disease or hepatic malignancy (primary). After LT, patients should be carefully monitored for complications that may appear, partially due to immunosuppressive therapy, but not entirely. Cardiovascular diseases are frequently encountered in patients with LT, being responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Patients with underlying cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies are prone to complications after the transplant, but these complications can also appear de novo, mostly associated with immunosuppressants. Metabolic syndrome, defined by obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia, is diagnosed among LT recipients and is aggravated after LT, influencing the long-term survival. In this review, our purpose was to summarize the current knowledge regarding cardiovascular (CV) diseases and the metabolic syndrome associated with LT and to assess their impact on short and long-term morbidity and mortality.

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The Fetal Origins of the Metabolic Syndrome: Can We Intervene?

Journal of Pregnancy ◽

10.1155/2012/482690 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Noelle Ma ◽

Daniel B. Hardy

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Fetal Life ◽

Fetal Origins ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Neonatal Life

Epidemiological studies have suggested that metabolic programming begins during fetal life and adverse eventsin uteroare a critical factor in the etiology of chronic diseases and overall health. While the underlying molecular mechanisms linking impaired fetal development to these adult diseases are being elucidated, little is known about how we can intervene early in life to diminish the incidence and severity of these long-term diseases. This paper highlights the latest clinical and pharmaceutical studies addressing how dietary intervention in fetal and neonatal life may be able to prevent aspects of the metabolic syndrome associated with IUGR pregnancies.

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Antipsychotic Effects on Cortical Morphology in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders

Frontiers in Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnins.2020.579139 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Ruiqi Feng ◽

Fay Y. Womer ◽

E. Kale Edmiston ◽

Yifan Chen ◽

Yinshan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atypical Antipsychotic ◽

Cortical Thickness ◽

Atypical Antipsychotics ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Antipsychotic Treatment ◽

Illness Duration ◽

Cortical Thinning ◽

Age Related

Background: Previous studies of atypical antipsychotic effects on cortical structures in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) have findings that vary between the short and long term. In particular, there has not been a study exploring the effects of atypical antipsychotics on age-related cortical structural changes in SZ and BD. This study aimed to determine whether mid- to long-term atypical antipsychotic treatment (mean duration = 20 months) is associated with cortical structural changes and whether age-related cortical structural changes are affected by atypical antipsychotics.Methods: Structural magnetic resonance imaging images were obtained from 445 participants consisting of 88 medicated patients (67 with SZ, 21 with BD), 84 unmedicated patients (50 with SZ, 34 with BD), and 273 healthy controls (HC). Surface-based analyses were employed to detect differences in thickness and area among the three groups. We examined the age-related effects of atypical antipsychotics after excluding the potential effects of illness duration.Results: Significant differences in cortical thickness were observed in the frontal, temporal, parietal, and insular areas and the isthmus of the cingulate gyrus. The medicated group showed greater cortical thinning in these regions than the unmediated group and HC; furthermore, there were age-related differences in the effects of atypical antipsychotics, and these effects did not relate to illness duration. Moreover, cortical thinning was significantly correlated with lower symptom scores and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) deficits in patients. After false discovery rate correction, cortical thinning in the right middle temporal gyrus in patients was significantly positively correlated with lower HAMD scores. The unmedicated group showed only greater frontotemporal thickness than the HC group.Conclusion: Mid- to long-term atypical antipsychotic use may adversely affect cortical thickness over the course of treatment and ageing and may also result in worsening cognitive function.

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The metabolic syndrome: setting the scene. The pros

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research ◽

10.3132/dvdr.2007.017 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (2_suppl) ◽

pp. S1-S3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sir George Alberti

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Outcome Studies ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Differences Of Opinion ◽

Definition Of

Conclusion: The definition of metabolic syndrome needs further refinement and it requires long-term outcome studies to evaluate the various criteria definitively. In general, however, differences of opinion surrounding the syndrome are minor.

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