scholarly journals Hospital-treated infectious diseases and the risk of dementia: a large, multicohort, observational study with a replication cohort

Author(s):  
Pyry N Sipilä ◽  
Nelli Heikkilä ◽  
Joni V Lindbohm ◽  
Christian Hakulinen ◽  
Jussi Vahtera ◽  
...  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
NFN Nurlaela

Abstrak : Rumah sakit sebagai tempat perawatan dan penyembuhan pasien, ternyata rentan terjadinya infeksi penyakit, begitu pula yang terjadi di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya penelitian jumlah dan jenis kuman di lingkungan RSPI-SS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross selection. Jenis kuman yang akan diteliti adalah kuman yang terdapat pada lingkungan dan dapat berpindah melalui kontak tangan dan dapat menularkan penyakit pada manusia, yaitu jamur dan bakteri. Klasifikasi lingkungan dalam penelitian ini adalah area lingkungan publik, ruang pelayanan dan ruang penunjang medis RSPI-SS Jakarta dengan jenis sampel, yaitu kursi pengunjung, tombol lift, mesin absensi, tombol ATM, kran toilet, pegangan pintu, loket, keyboardkomputer, gagang telpon, dinding, meja nurse stasion, stetoskop, lantai, inhalasi, suction, tempat tidur, inspirasi ventilator, kaset ventilator, kursi dorong, troli tindakan, meja pasien, tanometer, gagang kloter, endoskopi, troli makanan, troli linen, dan meja dapur. Hasil penelitian ini antara lain dari 302 sampel yang terdiri dari specimen permukaan alat dan lingkungan rumah sakit ditemukan 129 sampel (42,715%) yang positif terdapat kuman. Jamur merupakan jenis kuman yang paling banyak terdapat pada lingkungan RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso (98.450%). Lantai adalah jenis sampel yang terbanyak ditemukannya kuman 23 sampel (17,8%). Kemudian keyboard komputer 18 sampel (14,0%) dan tempat tidur 17 (13,2%). Abstract : Hospital as a patient care and healing , it turns susceptible to infectious diseases , as well as occurring in RSPI Prof. Dr Sulianti Saroso . Therefore, it is necessary to study the number and types of bacteria in the environment RSPI - SS . This study was an observational study with cross selection. Types of germs that will be examined are the germs found in the environment and can move through hand contact and can transmit the disease to humans , ie fungi and bacteria . Environmental classification in this research is the area of public environment , room service and medical support space in RSPI-SS with the type of sample , ie visitor chairs , elevator buttons , attendance machine , ATM buttons , toilet faucets , doorknobs , counters , computer keyboards , up the phone , walls , tables nurse station , stethoscope , flooring , inhalation , suction , bed , inspiration ventilators , ventilator tape , push chairs , trolleys action , the patient table , tanometer , handles fleet , endoscopy , food trolley , linens trolley, and tables kitchen . The results of this study are composed of 302 samples from the surface of the specimen and the hospital environment tool found 129 samples ( 42.715 % ) were positive for bacteria . Mushroom is a type of bacteria that are most numerous in the environment RSPI Prof. Dr Sulianti Saroso ( 98 450 % ) . The floor is the most sample types discovery of germs 23 samples ( 17.8 % ) . Then the computer keyboard 18 samples ( 14.0 % ) and the bed 17 ( 13.2 % ).


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Yuli Fitriana ◽  
Nur Furqani ◽  
Siti Maryam Ulfa

ABSTRAKCampak dan Rubella merupakan penyakit infeksi menular melalui saluran nafas yang disebabkan oleh virus Campak dan Rubella.Batuk dan bersin dapat menjadi jalur masuknya virus campak maupun rubella. Pengetahuan vaksin  MR adalah kombinasi vaksin Campak/Measles (M) dan Rubella (R) untuk perlindungan terhadap kedua penyakit tersebut Campak dan rubella merupakan jenis penyakit yang tidak dapat di obati (virus penyebab penyakit tidak dapat dibunuh), maka imunisasi MR ini adalah pencegahan terbaik bagi keduanya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui  gambaran tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang imunisasi vaksin measles rubella (MR) di UPT BLUD puskesmas gunungsari periode 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan mengambil data secara cross sectional, populasi sebanyak 458, diperoleh sampel sebanyak 82 responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling mengunakan data primer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gambaran tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang imunisasi vaksin measles rubella yaitu 58,8%. Kata kunci :Tingkat Pengetahuan; Imunisasi; Masles Rubella ; Puskesmas. ABSTRACTMeasles and Rubella are infectious diseases transmitted through the airways caused by the Measles and Rubella viruses. Coughing and sneezing can be a pathway for measles and rubella viruses. Knowledge MR vaccine is a combination of  Measles (M) and Rubella (R) vaccines for protection against both The disease Measles and rubella are types of diseases that can not be treated (the virus that causes the disease can not be killed), then MR  immunization is the best prevention for both. The purpose of this research is to find out the description of mothers' knowledge about  immunization Measles Rubella (MR) vaccine in UPT BLUD puskesmas gunungsari period 2019. This research is a descriptive observational study by taking cross sectional data, a population of 458, obtained a sample of 82 respondents selected by purposive sampling using primary data. The results showed that the level of knowledge of mothers about measles rubella vaccine immunization was 58.8%. Keywords : Knowledge Level; Immunization; Masles Rubella ; Puskesmas 


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Thilly ◽  
O Pereira ◽  
J Schouten ◽  
M E J L Hulscher ◽  
C Pulcini

Abstract Background We previously developed proxy indicators (PIs) that can be used to estimate the appropriateness of medications used for infectious diseases (in particular antibiotics) in primary care, based on routine reimbursement data that do not include clinical indications. Objectives To: (i) select the PIs that are relevant for children and estimate current appropriateness of medications used for infectious diseases by French paediatricians and its variability while using these PIs; (ii) assess the clinimetric properties of these PIs using a large regional reimbursement database; and (iii) compare performance scores for each PI between paediatricians and GPs in the paediatric population. Methods For all individuals living in north-eastern France, a cross-sectional observational study was performed analysing National Health Insurance data (available at prescriber and patient levels) regarding antibiotics prescribed by their paediatricians in 2017. We measured performance scores of the PIs, and we tested their clinimetric properties, i.e. measurability, applicability and room for improvement. Results We included 116 paediatricians who prescribed a total of 44 146 antibiotic treatments in 2017. For all four selected PIs (seasonal variation of total antibiotic use, amoxicillin/second-line antibiotics ratio, co-prescription of anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics), we found large variations between paediatricians. Regarding clinimetric properties, all PIs were measurable and applicable, and showed high improvement potential. Performance scores did not differ between these 116 paediatricians and 3087 GPs. Conclusions This set of four proxy indicators might be used to estimate appropriateness of prescribing in children in an automated way within antibiotic stewardship programmes.


Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e07044
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Akaishi ◽  
Kazuma Morino ◽  
Yoshikazu Maruyama ◽  
Satoru Ishibashi ◽  
Shin Takayama ◽  
...  

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