Diabetes and Hypertension Tied to Risk of Brain Infarcts

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
DENISE NAPOLI
Keyword(s):  
Brain Infarcts

scholarly journals The Omega-3 Fatty Acid Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Correlates Inversely with Ischemic Brain Infarcts in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 651
Author(s):  
Martin F. Reiner ◽  
Philipp Baumgartner ◽  
Andrea Wiencierz ◽  
Michael Coslovsky ◽  
Nicole R. Bonetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Total N ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain Infarcts

The omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) reduces stroke in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Whether EPA affects stroke or cerebral small vessel dis-ease in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains uncertain. EPA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) were determined by gas chromatography in 1657 AF patients from the Swiss Atrial Fibrillation study. All patients underwent brain MRI to detect ischemic brain infarcts, classified as large noncortical or cortical infarcts (LNCCIs); markers of small vessel disease, classified as small noncortical infarcts (SNCIs), number of microbleeds, and white matter lesion (WML) volumes. Individual and total n-3 FAs (EPA + DHA + DPA + ALA) were correlated with LNCCIs and SNCIs using logistic regression, with numbers of microbleeds using a hurdle model, and WML volumes using linear regression. LNCCIs were detected in 372 patients (22.5%). EPA correlated inversely with the prevalence of LNCCIs (odds ratio [OR] 0.51 per increase of 1 percentage point EPA, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29–0.90). DPA correlated with a higher LNCCI prevalence (OR 2.48, 95%CI 1.49–4.13). No associations with LNCCIs were found for DHA, ALA, and total n-3 FAs. Neither individual nor total n-3 FAs correlated with markers of small vessel disease. In conclusion, EPA correlates inversely with the prevalence of ischemic brain infarcts, but not with markers of small vessel disease in patients with AF.

Acute confusional state caused by a large number of small brain infarcts

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e2-e3
Author(s):  
Y. Ueno ◽  
K. Kimura ◽  
Y. Iguchi ◽  
T. Inoue ◽  
K. Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Confusional State ◽  
Confusional State ◽  
Brain Infarcts

scholarly journals Experimental brain infarcts in cats. II. Ischemic brain edema.

Stroke ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
F J Schuier ◽  
K A Hossmann
Keyword(s):  
Brain Edema ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Brain Infarcts ◽  
Ischemic Brain Edema

Chronological changes in nonhaemorrhagic brain Infarcts with short T1 in the cerebellum and basal ganglia

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 492-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Komiyama ◽  
H. Nakajima ◽  
M. Nishikawa ◽  
T. Yasui
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Brain Infarcts

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Silent Brain Infarcts in the Population-Based Rotterdam Scan Study

Stroke ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Vermeer ◽  
Peter J. Koudstaal ◽  
Matthijs Oudkerk ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
Monique M.B. Breteler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Brain Infarcts

Abstract P603: Atrial Cardiopathy and Brain Infarction in Multiple Vascular Territories in the ARCADIA Trial

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooman Kamel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Vascular Territory ◽  
Brain Infarcts ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Larger Sample

Introduction: Some embolic strokes of undetermined source (ESUS) are likely caused by occult cardiac embolism. One potential cardioembolic source is atrial cardiopathy without atrial fibrillation (AF). Patients with cardiac embolism more often have brain infarcts in multiple vascular territories than those with stroke mechanisms not involving a central embolic source. Hypothesis: In patients with ESUS, atrial cardiopathy is associated with brain infarction in multiple vascular territories. Methods: The ARCADIA trial is enrolling ESUS patients, screening them for atrial cardiopathy, and randomly assigning those with atrial cardiopathy to aspirin or apixaban. In the trial, atrial cardiopathy is defined as ≥1 of the following: P-wave terminal force >5,000 μV*ms in ECG lead V 1 , serum NT-proBNP >250 pg/mL, and left atrial diameter index ≥3 cm/m 2 on echocardiogram. Site investigators report whether the index CT or MRI showed brain infarction in the left carotid, right carotid, or posterior circulation, or some combination. In this analysis, our primary outcome was brain infarction in more than one of these three vascular territories. Our secondary outcome was infarction in both the left and right carotid territories. Results: Among 1,707 ESUS patients enrolled in ARCADIA, 679 (39.8%) met the trial’s randomization criteria for atrial cardiopathy and 213 (12.5%) had multi-territorial brain infarcts. The prevalence of brain infarction in more than one vascular territory was 14.0% in those with atrial cardiopathy versus 11.5% in those without (prevalence ratio, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.95-1.57). The prevalence of brain infarction in both the left and right carotid territories was 9.1% in those with atrial cardiopathy versus 7.4% in those without (prevalence ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.90-1.70). Conclusions: These preliminary analyses from ARCADIA suggest a possible association between atrial cardiopathy and brain infarction in multiple vascular territories, but further analysis of a larger sample is needed to conclusively test whether our atrial cardiopathy definition is associated with the classic neuroimaging profile of cardiac embolism.

P3712The omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is inversely associated with ischemic brain infarcts in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Reiner ◽  
P Baumgartner ◽  
A Wiencierz ◽  
S Aeschbacher ◽  
N Rodondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Total N ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Brain Infarcts

Abstract Background The association of individual omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) with ischemic stroke remains unclear. Experimental data strongly suggest that n-3 FAs reduce ischemic stroke due to their anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Yet, recent clinical trials yielded mixed results. While marine n-3 FA supplementation (1g/day) did not reduce stroke, icosapent ethyl, a purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ethyl ester (4g/day), significantly reduced stroke incidence in patients at high cardiovascular risk. In the current study, we examined the association of fish-derived EPA, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) with the prevalence of ischemic brain infarcts in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods In this cross-sectional analysis of the Swiss atrial fibrillation (swissAF) cohort study, we determined baseline whole blood n-3 FAs by gas chromatography according to the HS-Omega-3 Index methodology in 1665 patients aged ≥65 years with atrial fibrillation. Large non-cortical and cortical infarcts (LNCCI) were assessed by brain MRI. Total and individual n-3 FAs were correlated with the prevalence of LNCCI in a logit model with continuous factors. Analyses were adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol intake, family history of cardiovascular disease and atrial fibrillation, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, prior stroke, prior transient ischemic attack, aspirin, anticoagulation and type of atrial fibrillation. Results A total of 373 patients with LNCCI (22.4%) were identified. After adjustment, lower risk of LNCCI was associated with higher EPA (odds ratio [OR] 0.50 per increase of one percentage point EPA, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28–0.88) and a higher risk was detected with DPA (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.43–4.01). No statistically significant association was detected with DHA (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.94–1.35), ALA (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.23–2.95) or total n-3 FAs (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.92–1.16). Conclusions Higher levels of EPA are associated with a lower prevalence of ischemic infarcts in aged patients with atrial fibrillation. Unexpectedly, DPA shows a direct correlation with ischemic infarcts. This study demonstrates that individual n-3 FAs may differentially affect stroke risk and that supplementation of EPA may be an interesting strategy to prevent ischemic stroke in atrial fibrillation patients. Acknowledgement/Funding Swiss National Science Foundation

scholarly journals Association Between Subclinical Brain Infarcts and Functional Decline Trajectories

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2144-2150
Author(s):  
Mandip S. Dhamoon ◽  
Ying-Kuen Cheung ◽  
Janet T. DeRosa ◽  
Jose Gutierrez ◽  
Yeseon P. Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Decline ◽  
Brain Infarcts

scholarly journals Do Silent Brain Infarctions Predict the Development of Dementia After First Ischemic Stroke?

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Ivan Barbov ◽  
Slavica Arsova ◽  
Arben Taravari ◽  
Vera Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Brain Infarcts ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Acute Event

Background: Silent brain infarctions (SBI) are common findings in advanced age, but their relationship to dementia is still uncertain.Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate whether SBI predict the development of dementia after first clinical ischemic stroke.Methods: We blindly studied admission CT scans of 102 consecutive nondemented patients presenting with ischemic stroke that clinically was their first stroke episode. SBI were defined as CT evidence of infarcts not compatible with the acute event. The patients were subsequently followed for their mental state for 2 years. Survival analysis, wherein onset of dementia was the end point, was performed on the total sample population and conducted separately on those with and without SBI at admission.Results: Dementia developed in 33 patients (32.3%), including 17 of the 37 (45.9%) with SBI and 16 of the 65 (24.6%) without SBI. Thus, dementia was strong related to SBI.Conclusion: Elderly people with silent brain infarcts and stroke have an increased risk of dementia and a steeper decline in cognitive function than those without such lesions.

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