Chapter 40 Diseases of the nerves in the shoulder girdle and upper limb

2006 ◽  
pp. 841-858
Author(s):  
Scott Riggins ◽  
John D. England
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Shoulder Girdle

scholarly journals Treatment Strategies for Chronic Cases

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
Susan M Lord
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Somatic Pain ◽  
Levels Of Evidence ◽  
Whiplash Associated Disorders ◽  
Chronic Whiplash ◽  
Head Neck

The treatment of chronic somatic pain, including pain referred to the head, neck, shoulder girdle and upper limb from somatic structures, is addressed. Levels of evidence for the various treatments that have been prescribed for chronic whiplash associated disorders are considered. The challenge to find a treatment strategy for chronic pain after whiplash that completely relieves the condition and prevents its sequelae is reviewed.

A multibody biomechanical model of the upper limb including the shoulder girdle

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 83-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Quental ◽  
João Folgado ◽  
Jorge Ambrósio ◽  
Jacinto Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Shoulder Girdle

Electromyographic activity in the immobilized shoulder girdle musculature during contralateral upper limb movements

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Smith ◽  
Denny J. Padgett ◽  
Diane L. Dahm ◽  
Kenton R. Kaufman ◽  
Shawn P. Harrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Limb Movements ◽  
Upper Limb Movements

Anatomy for the Acupuncturist – Facts & Fiction 3: Upper & Lower Extremity

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Peuker ◽  
Mike Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Intended Target ◽  
Anatomy Knowledge

Anatomy knowledge, and the skill to apply it, is arguably the most important facet of safe and competent acupuncture practice. The authors believe that an acupuncturist should always know where the tip of their needle lies with respect to the relevant anatomy so that vital structures can be avoided and so that the intended target for stimulation can be reached. This article describes the anatomy of the upper limb and shoulder girdle, and lower limb and pelvis, relevant to safe needling practice.

scholarly journals Posterior Interosseous Fascicular Constriction Within the Radial Nerve in a Diabetic Patient With Bilateral Neuralgic Amyotrophy: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woojun Kim ◽  
Soo Hwan Kang ◽  
Jae Young An
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Left Forearm ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Neuralgic Amyotrophy

Background: Neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) is an acute, monophasic, painful inflammatory dysimmune focal, or multifocal mononeuropathy. The lesion in NA is not always restricted to the brachial plexus but also involves individual nerves or branches. The prognosis of NA is less favorable than previously assumed, but the reasons for poor recovery remain unknown. Nerve constriction may be one of the causes of poor prognosis in NA.Case Presentation: Herein, we described a 54-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes in whom bilateral neuralgic amyotrophy developed with constriction of the posterior interosseous fascicle within the radial nerve. The patient experienced sudden-onset severe pain in both shoulders followed, 2 days later, by weakness in bilateral shoulders and the left forearm extensors over the subsequent month. The left forearm extensors were more severely affected than both shoulder girdle muscles. He noted a 7-kg weight loss for 1 month before pain onset. After diagnosing diabetic NA based on the clinical symptoms, imaging, and electrophysiological studies, treatment with systemic steroids improved pain and weakness in both shoulder muscles. Weakness in the left forearm extensors persisted after 1 month of steroid treatment. Follow-up ultrasound revealed constriction of the posterior interosseous fascicle within the main trunk of the left radial nerve at the elbow. Surgical exploration at 6 months after onset identified fascicle constriction, for which neurolysis was performed. Weakness in the extensors of the wrist and fingers did not improve during the 16-month follow-up.Conclusion: A single constriction of the fascicle within a peripheral nerve may often be under-recognized if NA presents with variable degrees of weakness in bilateral upper limbs. Furthermore, fascicular constriction without edema of the parent nerve may be easily missed on the initial ultrasound. A lack of early recognition of nerve constriction and delay in surgical intervention can result in unfavorable outcomes. The physician should consider the possibility of the fascicular constriction when evaluating patients suspected of brachial NA with significant weakness in the distal upper limb compared to the proximal weakness or weakness of the distal upper limb that does not improve over time.

scholarly journals Keyboards types of selected electronic devices and the occurrence of pain in the shoulder girdle and upper limb - a review of literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
Jakub Szczechowicz ◽  
Anna Mazurek
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Computer Keyboard

Introduction: Nowadays, computers, personal telephones (smartphones) and other electronic devices are widely used in many areas of everyday life, making them indispensable tools in the workplace, as well as other environments, e.g. at home. Studies from recent years have shown that the mere use of a computer keyboard for many hours carries the risk of pain in the hand, forearm, arm, shoulder girdle, neck and other parts of the motor organs. Aim: The aim of the literature review carried out in this work was to determine what potential threats are posed by standard keyboards and smartphone touch keypads, as well as the comparison of standard and ergonomic keyboards. Material and methods: The following databases were searched: PubMed, ResearchGate and Cochrane Library, in which 13 articles meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were found (6 regarding standard keyboards, 3 concerning ergonomic keyboards and 4 related to smartphone keypads). Results: The results of these studies indicate exposure to dysfunctions of the musculoskeletal system associated with typing on keyboards, especially when writing fast, with high pressure, in unnatural positions of the wrists and forearms and during long-term writing. Ergonomic keyboards can be a good alternative to standard keyboards, especially for those who use one for more than four hours a day. This literature review indicates the need for more research, especially randomized clinical trials among a large population. Conclusions: 1. The use of keyboards of selected electronic devices with different ergonomic characteristics has an adverse effect on the functionality of the shoulder girdle and upper limb, mainly generating painful symptoms with different clinical characteristics. 2. The most important influence on the occurrence of functional disorders and pain complaints concerning the shoulder girdle and upper limb when using a keyboard with different ergonomic characteristics regards the strength of pressure on the keys, speed of typing as well as long-lasting and forced positioning of the wrists and forearms. Keyboards, ergonomics, pain

scholarly journals Swellings of the sternoclavicular joint: review of traumatic and non-traumatic pathologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 471-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Edwin ◽  
Shahbaz Ahmed ◽  
Shobhit Verma ◽  
Graham Tytherleigh-Strong ◽  
Karthik Karuppaiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Sternoclavicular Joint ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Synovial Joints ◽  
Tietze Syndrome

The sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) is an integral part of the shoulder girdle that connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton. Swelling of the SCJ is commonly due to trauma, degeneration, infections and other disease processes that affect synovial joints. This review also focuses on uncommon conditions that could affect the SCJ, including SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis) syndrome, Friedrich’s disease and Tietze syndrome. The scope of this review is limited to the analysis of the current evidence on the various conditions affecting the SCJ and also to provide an algorithm to manage these conditions.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:471-484. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170078

scholarly journals Effects of Mastectomy on Shoulder and Spinal Kinematics During Bilateral Upper-Limb Movement

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Crosbie ◽  
Sharon L. Kilbreath ◽  
Elizabeth Dylke ◽  
Kathryn M. Refshauge ◽  
Leslie L. Nicholson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Unilateral Mastectomy

BackgroundShoulder movement impairment is a commonly reported consequence of surgery for breast cancer.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether shoulder girdle kinematics, including those of the scapula, spine, and upper limb, in women who have undergone a unilateral mastectomy for breast cancer are different from those demonstrated by an age-matched control group.DesignAn observational study using 3-dimensional kinematic analysis was performed.MethodsWomen who had a unilateral mastectomy on their dominant-arm side (n=29, mean [±SD] age=62.4±8.9 years) or nondominant-arm side (n=24, mean [±SD] age=59.8±9.9 years), as well as a control group of age-matched women without upper-limb, shoulder, or spinal problems (n=22, mean [±SD] age=58.1±11.5 years), were measured while performing bilateral arm movements in the sagittal, scapular, and coronal planes. All of the women were free of shoulder pain at the time of testing. Data were collected from the glenohumeral joint, the scapulothoracic articulation, and the spine (upper and lower thoracic and lumbar regions) using an electromagnetic tracking system.ResultsWomen following mastectomy displayed altered patterns of scapular rotation compared with controls in all planes of movement. In particular, the scapula on the mastectomy side rotated upward to a markedly greater extent than that on the nonmastectomy side, and women following mastectomy displayed greater scapular excursion than controls.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that altered motor patterns of the scapula are associated with mastectomy on the same side. Whether these changes are harmful or not is unclear. Investigation of interventions designed to restore normal scapulohumeral relationships on the affected side following unilateral mastectomy for breast cancer is warranted.

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