Severe hypertriglyceridemia in a patient with high plasma levels of apolipoprotein C II

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
P. Fornengo ◽  
A. Bruno ◽  
R. Gambino ◽  
M. Cassader ◽  
G. Pagano
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Apolipoprotein C ◽  
Severe Hypertriglyceridemia

scholarly journals Pregnancy-Induced High Plasma Levels of Soluble Endoglin in Mice Lead to Preeclampsia Symptoms and Placental Abnormalities

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Lucía Pérez-Roque ◽  
Elena Núñez-Gómez ◽  
Alicia Rodríguez-Barbero ◽  
Carmelo Bernabéu ◽  
José M. López-Novoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Trophoblast Invasion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Soluble Factors ◽  
Human Trophoblast ◽  
Soluble Endoglin ◽  
Pregnant Mice

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease of high prevalence characterized by the onset of hypertension, among other maternal or fetal signs. Its etiopathogenesis remains elusive, but it is widely accepted that abnormal placentation results in the release of soluble factors that cause the clinical manifestations of the disease. An increased level of soluble endoglin (sEng) in plasma has been proposed to be an early diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of this disease. A pathogenic function of sEng involving hypertension has also been reported in several animal models with high levels of plasma sEng not directly dependent on pregnancy. The aim of this work was to study the functional effect of high plasma levels of sEng in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia in a model of pregnant mice, in which the levels of sEng in the maternal blood during pregnancy replicate the conditions of human preeclampsia. Our results show that wild type pregnant mice carrying human sEng-expressing transgenic fetuses (fWT(hsEng+)) present high plasma levels of sEng with a timing profile similar to that of human preeclampsia. High plasma levels of human sEng (hsEng) are associated with hypertension, proteinuria, fetal growth restriction, and the release of soluble factors to maternal plasma. In addition, fWT(hsEng+) mice also present placental alterations comparable to those caused by the poor remodeling of the spiral arteries characteristic of preeclampsia. In vitro and ex vivo experiments, performed in a human trophoblast cell line and human placental explants, show that sEng interferes with trophoblast invasion and the associated pseudovasculogenesis, a process by which cytotrophoblasts switch from an epithelial to an endothelial phenotype, both events being related to remodeling of the spiral arteries. Our findings provide a novel and useful animal model for future research in preeclampsia and reveal a much more relevant role of sEng in preeclampsia than initially proposed.

High Plasma Levels of 8-Methoxypsoralen following Bath Water Delivery in Dermatological Patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.P. Kappes ◽  
U. Barta ◽  
U. Merkel ◽  
A. Balogh ◽  
P. Elsner
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Water Delivery ◽  
Bath Water

High plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-8 in patients with unstable angina

2010 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiko Momiyama ◽  
Reiko Ohmori ◽  
Nobukiyo Tanaka ◽  
Ryuichi Kato ◽  
Hiroaki Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
High Plasma

Abstract 2: Overexpression of Human Apolipoprotein C-III in Mice Decreases Intestinal Transport of Triglyceride Into Lymph

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison B Kohan ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Sarah Huesman ◽  
H. H Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Clearance ◽  
Intestinal Transport ◽  
Feeding Tube ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Intraduodenal Infusion ◽  
Human Apolipoprotein ◽  
Apolipoprotein C ◽  
Infusion Period

INTRODUCTION Apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III), synthesized by the liver and intestine, is an inhibitor of LPL-mediated lipolysis and hepatic clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. ApoC-III overproduction is linked with hypertriglyceridemia and atherosclerosis. ApoC-III may also play an intracellular role in hepatic VLDL assembly/secretion. Little is known about the role of apoC-III in the intestine, although it is secreted on chylomicrons coincident with triglyceride absorption. HYPOTHESIS Given that overexpression of apoC-III results in high plasma triglyceride levels, we hypothesized that it might also stimulate intestinal triglyceride transport, thereby exacerbating plasma hypertriglyceridemia in human apoC-III transgenic (h-apoC-III tg) mice. METHODS 28-30 gram male h-apoC-III tg (on a C57BL/6J background) were fitted with both a mesenteric lymph cannula and a duodenal feeding tube, and received a continuous intraduodenal infusion of triglyceride (6 μmol of 3[H]-Triolein in 0.3ml of phosphate-buffered saline) for 6 hours with hourly lymph samples collected (n=11-12). At the end of the infusion period, luminal and mucosal contents and tissue samples were isolated. An advantage of this lymph fistula model is the ability to sample lymph continuously throughout the triglyceride infusion period while avoiding confounding effects of anesthesia and stomach emptying. RESULTS h-apoC-III tg mice had a decrease in lymph flow and a 43% reduction in lymphatic 3[H]-triglyceride transport compared to WT mice. The h-apoC-III tg mice had 10.0±2.3% of the total dose of 3[H]-triglyceride remaining in intestinal lumen; which was significantly higher than the 3.1±0.4% observed in WT mice. Thin layer chromatographic analysis of the luminal contents showed that h-apoC-III tg mice, as opposed to WT controls, had a significantly higher percentage of fatty acid. There were no significant differences in the luminal triglyceride, diglyceride, and monoglyceride composition between groups. CONCLUSION Our studies reveal a novel role for apoC-III in decreasing intestinal triglyceride transport distinct from its extracellular roles in plasma on lipoprotein lipase, and its intracellular role in hepatic VLDL synthesis and secretion.

scholarly journals Plasma levels of apolipoprotein E, APOE genotype, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in 105 949 individuals from a white general population cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (33) ◽  
pp. 2813-2824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrine L Rasmussen ◽  
Anne Tybjærg-Hansen ◽  
Børge G Nordestgaard ◽  
Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
General Population Cohort ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Aims To determine whether plasma apoE levels and APOE genotype are associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Methods and results Using a prospective cohort design with 105 949 white individuals from the general population, we tested the association between plasma apoE at study enrolment and death during follow-up, and whether this was independent of APOE genotype. We confirmed the well-known association between APOE genotypes and mortality. For all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality, high levels of apoE were associated with increased risk, while for dementia-associated mortality low levels were associated with increased risk. For the highest vs. the fifth septile of plasma apoE, hazard ratios (HRs) were 1.20 (95% confidence interval 1.12–1.28) for all-cause mortality, 1.28 (1.13–1.44) for cardiovascular mortality, and 1.18 (1.05–1.32) for cancer mortality. Conversely, for the lowest vs. the fifth septile the HR was 1.44 (1.01–2.05) for dementia-associated mortality. Results were similar in analyses restricted to APOE ɛ33 carriers. Examining genetically determined plasma apoE, a 1 mg/dL increase conferred risk ratios of 0.97 (0.92–1.03) for cardiovascular mortality and 1.01 (0.95–1.06) for cancer mortality, while a 1 mg/dL decrease conferred a risk ratio of 1.70 (1.36–2.12) for dementia-associated mortality. Conclusion High plasma levels of apoE were associated with increased all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality, however of a non-causal nature, while low levels were causally associated with increased dementia-associated mortality.

Influence of converting-enzyme inhibition on rat des-angiotensin I-angiotensinogen

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (2) ◽  
pp. E129-E133 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Clauser ◽  
J. Bouhnik ◽  
M. F. Gonzalez ◽  
P. Corvol ◽  
J. Menard
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Angiotensin I ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Indirect Assay ◽  
Captopril Treatment ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats

The effects of high plasma renin levels on plasma levels of both total immunoreactive angiotensinogen (direct radioimmunoassay) and intact angiotensinogen measured by angiotensin I released by renin (indirect assay) were studied in sodium-depleted rats both with and without captopril treatment and in adrenalectomized rats. The direct assay measures both intact angiotensinogen and des-angiotensin I-angiotensinogen, its residue cleaved by renin. The indirect assay measures only intact angiotensinogen. Neither sodium depletion, captopril treatment, nor adrenalectomy modified the circulating levels of total angiotensinogen. However these treatments produced a decrease in intact angiotensinogen that was in proportion to the elevation of renin levels. The difference between the two assays for angiotensin represents the level of des-angiotensin I-angiotensinogen and correlated satisfactorily with the plasma levels of renin. Identical correlations were observed in adrenalectomized rats and captopril-treated rats. We conclude that des-angiotensin I-angiotensinogen levels are an index of activation of the renin-angiotensin system dependent on the circulating level of renin.

The Effects of Hemodialysis with Different Membranes on Middle Molecules and Uremic Neuropathy

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. D. Djukanović ◽  
J. I. Mimić-Oka ◽  
J. B. Potić
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Neurological Condition ◽  
Initial Plasma ◽  
Middle Molecules

Twenty-four hemodialysis patients, 14 with uremic neuropathy and 10 symptom-free, were studied over 12 months. Cuprophan and AN 69 membrane dialyzers were used in their treatment in order to investigate the influence of different membranes on plasma levels of middle molecular weight substances (MMS) and uremic neuropathy. Hemodialysis with the cuprophan membrane caused no significant changes in plasma MMS levels or in the neurological condition of patients. The effect of dialysis with AN 69 membrane depended on initial plasma MMS levels. Initially high plasma MMS levels decreased significantly and significant improvement of neuropathy was achieved. In neuropathic patients with plasma MMS levels similar to those of symptom-free patients, hemodialysis with AN 69 membrane had no effect. These results suggest that hemodialysis with MMS high-permeability membranes may be recommended for neuropathic patients with high plasma MMS levels.

Utilization of amino acids by pre-ruminant lambs. III.* The influence of age and the dietary proportions of essential and non-essential amino acids on the levels of urea, ammonia and free amino acids in the blood plasma of milk-fed lambs

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Dove
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pattern Characteristic ◽  
Pre Treatment

Jugular blood samples were obtained from 10.5 kg and 28 kg lambs receiving a diet of reconstituted cows' whole milk. The lambs were then given diets in which the proportion of essential amino acids (BAA) in the dietary crude protein was altered over a wide range. A second blood sample was taken after lambs had received such diets for 12 days. Plasma obtained from these samples was analysed for free amino acids, urea and ammonia. The pattern of plasma free amino acids (PFAA) in lambs given reconstituted cows' whole milk is described. In both the pre-treatment and post-treatment samples, the heavier lambs appeared to have lower plasma levels of all EAA, and high plasma levels of glycine, serine, urea and ammonia. In the lighter lambs, there were pronounced responses of PFAA levels to changes in the dietary proportion of EAA. At low proportions, the levels of most EAA in plasma were low. Lysine and phenylalanine were exceptions. In addition, levels of many non-essential amino acids (non-EAA), particularly serine and glycine, were high. At high proportions of EAA, plasma levels of all EAA, especially methionine, rose markedly. Within the non-EAA, serine, proline and glycine were reduced, while taurine and cystathionine increased. In the plasma of the heavier lambs, the response of some amino acids to a given dietary change differed from the response in the lighter lambs. This was especially true of methionine, tyrosine, phenylalanine and arginine. There was also marked between-animal variation in plasma levels. When expressed as molar proportions of total PFAA, results were similar to those of the lighter lambs. There was a pronounced similarity between the response of the PFAA to diets with a low proportion of EAA, and the PFAA pattern characteristic of developing kwashiorkor. __________________ *Part II, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 28, 933 (1977).

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