Childhood Ovarian Cancers

2021 ◽  
pp. 317-329
Author(s):  
József Zsiros ◽  
Jacqueline Tromp ◽  
Frederic Amant
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancers

Gastric Ulcers Produced by Cisplatin

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
S.K. Aggarwal ◽  
J. San Antonio
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Enzyme Cytochemistry ◽  
Intestinal Toxicity ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
Inner Surface

Cisplatin (cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II)) a potent antitumor agent is now available for the treatment of testicular and ovarian cancers. It is however, not free from its serious side effects including nephrotoxicity, gastro intestinal toxicity, myelosuppression, and ototoxicity. Here we now report that the drug produces peculiar bloating of the stomach in rats and induces acute ulceration.Wistar-derived rats weighing 200-250 g were administered cisplatin(9 mg/kg) ip as a single dose in 0.15 M NaCl. After 3 days the animals were sacrificed by decapitation. The stomachs were removed, the contents analyzed for pepsin and acidity. The inner surface was examined with a dissecting microscope after a moderate stretching for ulcers. Affected areas were fixed and processed for routine electron microscopy and enzyme cytochemistry.The drug treated animals kept on food and water consistently showed bloating and lesions (Fig. 1) with a frequency of 6-70 ulcers in the rumen section of the stomachs.

Prognostic significance of tumor apoptosis, p53 and bcl-2 expression in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancers

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 82A-82A
Author(s):  
A MUNKARAH ◽  
L BAZZETT ◽  
F QURESHI ◽  
S JACQUES ◽  
R MORRIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Ovarian Cancers

scholarly journals PAX8 lineage-driven T cell engaging antibody for the treatment of high-grade serous ovarian cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Lee ◽  
Sarah Szvetecz ◽  
Ryan Polli ◽  
Angelo Grauel ◽  
Jayson Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Tumor Growth Inhibition ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
Late Stage Diagnosis ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

AbstractHigh-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC) represent the most common subtype of ovarian malignancies. Due to the frequency of late-stage diagnosis and high rates of recurrence following standard of care treatments, novel therapies are needed to promote durable responses. We investigated the anti-tumor activity of CD3 T cell engaging bispecific antibodies (TCBs) directed against the PAX8 lineage-driven HGSOC tumor antigen LYPD1 and demonstrated that anti-LYPD1 TCBs induce T cell activation and promote in vivo tumor growth inhibition in LYPD1-expressing HGSOC. To selectively target LYPD1-expressing tumor cells with high expression while sparing cells with low expression, we coupled bivalent low-affinity anti-LYPD1 antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) with the anti-CD3 scFv. In contrast to the monovalent anti-LYPD1 high-affinity TCB (VHP354), the bivalent low-affinity anti-LYPD1 TCB (QZC131) demonstrated antigen density-dependent selectivity and showed tolerability in cynomolgus monkeys at the maximum dose tested of 3 mg/kg. Collectively, these data demonstrate that bivalent TCBs directed against LYPD1 have compelling efficacy and safety profiles to support its use as a treatment for high-grade serous ovarian cancers.

scholarly journals A radiomic nomogram based on arterial phase of CT for differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumin Hu ◽  
Qiaoyou Weng ◽  
Haihong Xia ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Chunli Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Good Discrimination ◽  
Training Cohort ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
Radiomics Signature

Abstract Purpose To develop and validate a radiomic nomogram based on arterial phase of CT to discriminate the primary ovarian cancers (POCs) and secondary ovarian cancers (SOCs). Methods A total of 110 ovarian cancer patients in our hospital were reviewed from January 2010 to December 2018. Radiomic features based on the arterial phase of CT were extracted by Artificial Intelligence Kit software (A.K. software). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operation regression (LASSO) was employed to select features and construct the radiomics score (Rad-score) for further radiomics signature calculation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop the predicting model. The predictive nomogram model was composed of rad-score and clinical data. Nomogram discrimination and calibration were evaluated. Results Two radiomic features were selected to build the radiomics signature. The radiomics nomogram that incorporated 2 radiomics signature and 2 clinical factors (CA125 and CEA) showed good discrimination in training cohort (AUC 0.854), yielding the sensitivity of 78.8% and specificity of 90.7%, which outperformed the prediction model based on radiomics signature or clinical data alone. A visualized differential nomogram based on the radiomic score, CEA, and CA125 level was established. The calibration curve demonstrated the clinical usefulness of the proposed nomogram. Conclusion The presented nomogram, which incorporated radiomic features of arterial phase of CT with clinical features, could be useful for differentiating the primary and secondary ovarian cancers.

scholarly journals Molecular disruption of DNA polymerase β for platinum sensitisation and synthetic lethality in epithelial ovarian cancers

Oncogene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem Ali ◽  
Adel Alblihy ◽  
Islam M. Miligy ◽  
Muslim L. Alabdullah ◽  
Mansour Alsaleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Synthetic Lethality ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Dna Polymerase Β ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Platinum Sensitivity ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Ovarian Cancers

AbstractTargeting PARP1 [Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1] for synthetic lethality is a new strategy for BRCA germ-line mutated or platinum sensitive ovarian cancers. However, not all patients respond due to intrinsic or acquired resistance to PARP1 inhibitor. Development of alternative synthetic lethality approaches is a high priority. DNA polymerase β (Polβ), a critical player in base excision repair (BER), interacts with PARP1 during DNA repair. Here we show that polβ deficiency is a predictor of platinum sensitivity in human ovarian tumours. Polβ depletion not only increased platinum sensitivity but also reduced invasion, migration and impaired EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition) of ovarian cancer cells. Polβ small molecular inhibitors (Pamoic acid and NSC666719) were selectively toxic to BRCA2 deficient cells and associated with double-strand breaks (DSB) accumulation, cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis. Interestingly, PARG [Poly(ADP-Ribose) Glycohydrolase] inhibitor (PDD00017273) [but not PARP1 inhibitor (Olaparib)] was synthetically lethal in polβ deficient cells. Selective toxicity to PDD00017273 was associated with poly (ADP-ribose) accumulation, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) level, DSB accumulation, cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis. In human tumours, polβ-PARG co-expression adversely impacted survival in patients. Our data provide evidence that polβ targeting is a novel strategy and warrants further pharmaceutical development in epithelial ovarian cancers.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-506-3p increases the response to PARP inhibitors and cisplatin by targeting EZH2/β-catenin in serous ovarian cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 100987
Author(s):  
Yue Sun ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Xiaoying Dong ◽  
Jingzi Zhang ◽  
Chao Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parp Inhibitors ◽  
Ovarian Cancers
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