The Chemistry and Physics of Aerogels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenz Ratke ◽  
Pavel Gurikov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Chemistry ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Supercritical Drying ◽  
Environmental Engineering ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
Rigorous Treatment

Discover a rigorous treatment of aerogels processing and techniques for characterization with this easy-to-use reference. Presents the basics of aerogel synthesis and gelation to open porous nanostructures, and the processing of wet gels like ambient and supercritical drying leading to aerogels. Describes their essential properties with their measurement techniques and theoretical models used to analyse relations to their nanostructure. Linking the fundamentals and with practical applications, this is a useful toolkit for advanced undergraduates, and graduate students doing research in material and polymer science, physical chemistry, and chemical and environmental engineering.

Discussion on the Theoretical Models and Practical Applications of Cooperative Effects

Daxue Huaxue ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Yan-Yu LIANG ◽  
◽  
Zhi-Peng WANG ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Cooperative Effects ◽  
Practical Applications

Reform and Practice of Classification Teaching of School Public Course "Surface Physical Chemistry" for Graduate Students

Daxue Huaxue ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Zhong-Ping YAO ◽  
◽  
◽  
Zhao-Hua JIANG ◽  
Yu-Dong HUANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Chemistry ◽  
Graduate Students

scholarly journals Internships in Community Psychology

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Charles P.-E. Theroux ◽  
Bruce M. Tefft
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Community Psychology ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Professional Roles ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Doctoral Level ◽  
Field Training ◽  
Applied Skills ◽  
Psychology Community

There is substantial concensus regarding the professional roles derived from theoretical models of community psychology. Community field training is necessary for graduate students to experience fundamental role characteristics and develop applied skills relevant to later community practice. A doctoral-level internship and its relationship to professional roles in community psychology is described. Problems associated with development of community internships are discussed from the perspective of both the sponsoring graduate program and the student. Given the importance of understanding Canadian issues, systems, and polices for community practice, it appears highly desirable that graduate students do their internships in Canada.

Assessment Criteria and Burst Pressure Prediction for Pipelines With Long Blunt Defects

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Kui Zhu ◽  
Brian N. Leis
Keyword(s):  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Stress ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Average Shear Stress ◽  
Average Shear ◽  
Burst Data ◽  
Corrosion Defects ◽  
Von Mises

Corrosion assessment analysis and burst pressure prediction for an aged pipeline with blunt corrosion defects are essential to its integrity. It has been known that the flow stress based corrosion criteria including ASME B31G and PRCI RSTRENG are often conservative to use, but can be non-conservative in practical applications. The ultimate tensile stress based corrosion criteria such as PCORRC and LPC models largely improved the burst pressure prediction for corrosion defects, but the practice still showed certain non-conservatism of these newer models. This paper reviews and evaluates the commonly-used corrosion criteria. In order to improve the existing criteria for predicting burst pressure for long corrosion defects, three new theoretical models with consideration of strain hardening response for the corroded pipe are developed in terms of Tresca yield criterion, von Mises yield criterion, and a new multi-axial yield criterion, i.e., average shear stress yield criterion proposed recently by the present authors. The existing corrosion criteria and the proposed theoretical models are evaluated using experimental burst data for long machined defects and for long real corrosion defects removed from service. It is found that ASME B31G is over-conservative for long defects, but can be non-conservative for deep defects with intermediate lengths. RSTRENG is conservative for short defects. In contrast, PCORRC (or LPC) and the proposed ZL model predict reasonably conservative results for long corrosion defects.

Component-Mode-Based Reduced Order Modeling Techniques for Mistuned Bladed Disks—Part I: Theoretical Models

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bladh ◽  
M. P. Castanier ◽  
C. Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Modal Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Bladed Disks ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
Reduced Order ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Dynamic Analyses ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Model Size

Component mode synthesis (CMS) techniques are widely used for dynamic analyses of complex structures. Significant computational savings can be achieved by using CMS, since a modal analysis is performed on each component structure (substructure). Mistuned bladed disks are a class of structures for which CMS is well suited. In the context of blade mistuning, it is convenient to view the blades as individual components, while the entire disk may be treated as a single component. Individual blade mistuning may then be incorporated into the CMS model in a straightforward manner. In this paper, the Craig–Bampton (CB) method of CMS is formulated specifically for mistuned bladed disks, using a cyclic disk description. Then a novel secondary modal analysis reduction technique (SMART) is presented: a secondary modal analysis is performed on a CB model, yielding significant further reduction in model size. In addition, a straightforward non-CMS method is developed in which the blade mistuning is projected onto the tuned system modes. Though similar approaches have been reported previously, here it is generalized to a form that is more useful in practical applications. The theoretical models are discussed and compared from both computational and practical perspectives. It is concluded that using SMART, based on a CB model, has tremendous potential for highly efficient, accurate modeling of the vibration of mistuned bladed disks.

Television's Role in Family Interaction

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRENE F. GOODMAN
Keyword(s):  
Family Systems ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Television Use ◽  
The Family ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of this article is to argue that exploring the role of television in family life is not solely a matter of studying its effects on family members; it also involves looking at TV as a phenomenon that serves a whole range of social purposes the study of which can shed light on general family functioning. In this review, existing theoretical models and research are discussed in order to show why a new model—family systems—is being proposed. The application of the family systems model to the arena of television use in the family is one that has not been previously explored. Emphasis will be placed on two family systems principles that are important in the study of the family's use of and interaction around television. Current measurement techniques will be examined to illustrate that a new approach, reflecting interaction and process, is needed. Components of a family systems model—structure, development, and adaptation—are adapted in order to discuss TV's function in the family. Suggestions for future research and implications for therapy are offered.

Spin–Orbit Torques in Metallic Magnetic Multilayers: Challenges and New Opportunities

SPIN ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 1740013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
John Q. Xiao ◽  
Xin Fan
Keyword(s):  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers ◽  
Spin Transfer Torque ◽  
Spin Torque ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Practical Applications

Two decades after the discovery of the giant magnetoresistance that revolutionizes the hard disk drive, the rapid development of spin torque-based magnetic random access memory has once again demonstrated the great potential of spintronics in practical applications. While the industrial application is mainly focusing on the implementation of current-induced spin transfer torque (STT) in magnetic tunnel junctions, a new type of spin torque emerges due to the spin–orbit interaction in magnetic multilayers. A great effort has been devoted by the scientific community to study the so-called spin–orbit torque (SOT), which is not only of interest to fundamental science, but also exhibits potential for the application of current-induced magnetization switching. In this paper, we will review recent development in the SOTs including the fundamental understanding, materials development and measurement techniques. We will also discuss the challenges of using the SOT in potential applications, particularly on the switching of perpendicularly magnetized films.

scholarly journals Modern Romanization of Russian Toponyms per UN Technical Reference: Phonological and Orthographic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Vladimirovich Zots
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Comprehensive Account ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Reference Manual

The paper investigates the issues of transliteration of Russian toponyms in a city environment and studies the efficiency of the Technical Reference Manual for the Standardization of Geographical Names published by the United Nations group of experts. The paper demonstrates the feasibility of the UN and Russian official transliteration standards and compares the suggested theoretical models with the practical applications found on the street signs, labels, maps, and other sources of navigation. The author presents a comprehensive account of practical transcription methods used in Moscow and offers a solution to a number of issues and discrepancies between popular transliteration models and their real-life application.

scholarly journals From Streamlining to Mainstreaming “Islamization of Knowledge”

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
New Generation

Founded in 1983, the International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) has been a laboratory of “Islamization of Human Knowledge” (IoK). Looking at theoretical models and practical applications of IIUM, this article unfolds the passage from a generation of faculty who established the “IoK” paradigm in order to streamline it, to a new generation that seeks to mainstream it. The aim is to show that this transition has been made possible due to the employment of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, and yet, despite this possibility, this shift is and will continue to be, accompanied with some contradictions, tensions, and shortages. This article concludes by highlighting three points: the extent to which IIUM succeeded in producing professionally-trained versus Islamically-oriented graduates; the level of success IoK mainstreaming has had using the Maqāṣidic approach; and, finally, how the implementation of the IoK paradigm may be impeding pluralism.

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