Welfare Theory, Public Action, and Ethical Values

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Values ◽  
Public Action ◽  
Welfare Theory

Kajian pelu dan tidaknya penambahan term Budi Pekerti dalam konten buku Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti untuk siswa SMU

1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Salim Ashar
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Holistic Education ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Split Personality ◽  
Objective View ◽  
The Right ◽  
Scientific Value

Character is a complicated issue, even considered an abstract problem. It is said to be abstract because the concept of manners is not yet operational. While good and bad standards for morals are in the objective view of God the Creator of man. If the character is ethics, it is very dangerous, because some of its value will be contrary to the moral lessons that exist in religious subjects. When both are taught (ethics and morals) then the threat is the students will later experience what is called a split personality, that is split personality. Students become confused because there are conflicting values, such as good values ​​in the sense of morals and good value in manners (call: ethics). There is no honest terminology of Arabic versions, honest English versions, false witnesses of Arabic and French versions, as there is no terminology about Arab or Turkish morality. This applies to humans when there is a pattern of intersection between ethical values ​​and customs: ethical values ​​derive from the "right" way (revelation), whereas customs are derived from the habits The purpose of this study are: 1) Describing whether or not the addition manners in the lessons of Islamic Religious Education. 2) Describe the material (content) in the lesson of Islamic Education and the intersection of Budi Pekerti based on traditional perspectives. This study uses "Library Research". The research data used is secondary data. Data collection techniques used are documentation. Data processing is done by conducting the activity of review, verification and reduction, grouping and systematization, and interpretation or interpretation so that a phenomenon has social, academic, and scientific value. From the results of the discussion concluded: 1) Based on the perspective of Islam, the lessons of Islamic Religious Education need not be added with the character, because in fact holistic education includes in the Islamic Religious Education. 2) The content of Islamic Religious Education should include aspects of Islam, ie Aqidah, Shari'ah and Akhlak which are taught in a balanced way, but the lesson of character can be combined as long as the adat is the custom of the Muslims.

CORE ETHICAL VALUES PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER (Berbasis Falsafah Negara)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Dian Widiantari
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Values

Karakter adalah kesatuan antara pola pikir (logos), nurani (ethos), dan sikap (patos). Karakter adalah nilai-nilai perilaku manusia yang berhubungan dengan Tuhan, manusia, lingkungan, kebangsaan dan dirinya sendiri yang tercermin dalam fikiran, sikap, perasaan, perkataan, perbuatan berdasarkan norma agama, hukum, tata karma, budaya dan adat istiadat. Pendidikan karakter adalah penanaman nilai-nilai luhur kepada anak didik untuk mewujudkan pengetahuan, kesadaran atau kemauan, dan tindakan untuk melaksanakan nilai-nilai tersebut. Karakter bangsa merupakan cerminan karaktersitik warga negaranya  yang beragam budaya. Oleh karena itu karakter bangsa dibentuk berdasarkan nilai-nilai tradisi budaya masyarakat dan berdasarkan nilai luhur yang bersifat umum dan dapat diterima oleh semua masyarakat. Pancasila merupakan falsafah Negara Indonesia yang merupakan sumber dari segala sumber hukum. Oleh karena itu pancasila dijadikan sebagai salah satu core ethical values dalam mewujudkan pendidikan karakter di Indonesia. Kata Kunci : Nilai, Pendidikan Karakter dan Falsafah Negara

Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Karakter dalam Petuah Sumbang Duo Baleh Bagi Mahasiswi Asal Minangkabau di Kota Purwokerto Tahun 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Nisa Islami
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Student Community ◽  
Education Value

This study used a qualitative approach which aims to find the process of internalization of the character education value through sumbang duo baleh  on the Minang students in Purwokerto. The results showed:  (1) Students Minang know and understand twelve ethics contained in sumbang duo baleh. (2) Through the student community the Minang value trying preserved and maintained as a manifestation of their love of Minang culture. (3) To actualize the ethical values on the basis of daily awareness of the positive values contained in sumbangduo baleh so that they can distinguish between good and bad. (4) Due to the openness of education for women can be a net gain as well as challenges to face the modernization and become a factor of a shifting values for Minangkabau students, therefor understanding and applicating of sumbang duo baleh became faded.

The Nexus Between Urbanisation and Human Empowerment: Income Group Based Findings of Bidirectional Causality

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Christos Kollias ◽  
Panayiotis Tzeremes
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Public Action ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Democratic Rule

Abstract The economic and social drivers of democratisation and the emergence and establishment of democratic institutions are longstanding themes of academic discourse. Within this broad body of literature, it has been argued that the process of urbanisation is also conducive to the emergence and consolidation of democracy through a number of different channels. Cities offer better access to education and facilitate organised public action and the demand for more democratic rule and respect of human rights. The nexus between urbanisation and human rights is the theme that is taken up in the present paper. Using a sample of 123 countries for the period 1981–2011, the paper examines empirically the association between urbanisation and human empowerment using the Cingranelli-Richards Index. In broad terms, the findings reported herein do not point to a strong nexus across all income groups. Nevertheless, there is evidence suggesting the presence of such a statistically significant positive association in specific cases.

Teaching AI Agents Ethical Values Using Reinforcement Learning and Policy Orchestration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritesh Noothigattu ◽  
Djallel Bouneffouf ◽  
Nicholas Mattei ◽  
Rachita Chandra ◽  
Piyush Madan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Large Role ◽  
Learning To Learn ◽  
Inverse Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Novel Approach

Autonomous cyber-physical agents play an increasingly large role in our lives. To ensure that they behave in ways aligned with the values of society, we must develop techniques that allow these agents to not only maximize their reward in an environment, but also to learn and follow the implicit constraints of society. We detail a novel approach that uses inverse reinforcement learning to learn a set of unspecified constraints from demonstrations and reinforcement learning to learn to maximize environmental rewards. A contextual bandit-based orchestrator then picks between the two policies: constraint-based and environment reward-based. The contextual bandit orchestrator allows the agent to mix policies in novel ways, taking the best actions from either a reward-maximizing or constrained policy. In addition, the orchestrator is transparent on which policy is being employed at each time step. We test our algorithms using Pac-Man and show that the agent is able to learn to act optimally, act within the demonstrated constraints, and mix these two functions in complex ways.

The importance and promise of integrating Indigenous knowledges in nursing education

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Vanessa Van Bewer ◽  
Roberta L. Woodgate ◽  
Donna Martin ◽  
Frank Deer
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Indigenous Knowledges ◽  
Indigenous Learning ◽  
Schools Of Nursing ◽  
Indigenous Perspectives

This paper explores the relevance of Indigenous perspectives within the nursing profession, and the importance of weaving these perspectives into nursing education. We suggest that Indigenous perspectives can support nursing’s core ethical values of relationality and holism and may hold representational and transformational possibilities for students and educators alike. Guided by principles of Indigenous learning, we provide several exemplars from Canadian schools of nursing that have already begun the process of decolonizing their programs. We conclude by describing some of the challenges and considerations that may arise when Indigenous perspectives and approaches are considered for inclusion into nursing education programs.

Utilising Indigenous Knowledge or Crime against Humanity?: A Critical Engagement with the Debate Generated by Alick Macheso’s Use of Manhood to Treat Nhova (Sunken Fontanelle)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Tembo ◽  
Allan Maganga ◽  
Peterson Dewah
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
African Ethics ◽  
Cultural Grounding ◽  
The Face ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Points Of View

 This article presents various points of view regarding the treatment of sunken fontanelle by various communities as ignited by the controversial practice of kutara(a practice that involves the father of a child sliding his penis from the lower part of the left and right cheeks to the top of the head, as well as from the lower part of the face to the top of the head, and from the lower back part of the head to the top). The story of Alick Macheso’s use of his manhood to treat nhova (sunken fontanelle) opened a Pandora’s box. The story not only attracted the attention of critics from diverse cultural and ethical backgrounds, but revealed multi-ethnic positions. That is, reactions were steeped in a multiplicity of intellectual, religious and even cultural grounding. Reactions ranged from accusations of backwardness and absurdity, through to medical and Christian orientations toward the treatment of nhova. The overarching idea is that there is a general tendency to dismiss the age-old practice of kutara,coupled with an uncritical celebration of certain positions. The debate that ensued following publication of the story seemed to revolve around ethical considerations. The school of thought that dismisses kutara with disdain regards it as unethical and unimaginable in the present-day world—it is redolent with insinuations of absurdity on the part of those that live and celebrate it. We contend that the raging debate that followed the publication of the story can best be conceptualised within the context of African ethics. We note that kutara has relevance to the spirituality, ethical values, privacy, and protection of children’s rights, among other ethical issues. It is hoped that the article will stir further debate and encourage more research among information practitioners, scholars and researchers into the ethical issues surrounding the treatment of sunken fontanelle in various African communities. It argues for an Afrocentric conceptualisation of phenomena in order to contribute to debates on the renaissance of African cultures, and stresses that it is imperative to harness the life-furthering age-old traditions in African ontological existence.

Membangun Fondasi Keilmuan Ekonomi Islam: Telaah Metodologi Muhammad Akram Khan

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-170
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ubaidillah
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Science Methodology ◽  
Islamic Society

Throughout my experience in tracking down and reading books on faith-based economics, in this case Islam, there are no books that specifically list the title of "Islamic economics". If there is, it is only initiated or introduced. Most books coming down to us still use the titles starting with the word, for example, system, concept, principle, or the doctrine of Islamic economics. Why do the authors of the book Islamic economics seem not dared to give his book title with label "science"? I presume that Islamic economics has not been considered as a science. In building a science, methodology is required. Islamic Economics also requires a well-established methodology to build the foundation of science. The study answers questions; how is methodology which is offered by Muhammad Akram Khan to build Islamic economics. The method used in this research is the study of literature with qualitative approach.The result of study concludes that Khan offers methodology of Islamic economics, if summarized, written as follows: First, Islamic economics uses a framework derived from the texts of divinity (revelation). Second, Islamic economics uses the inductive method, which gives witness to the truth or falsity assumptions and predictions about the two criteria of rationality and empirical evidence. Third, Islamic economy is built on ethical values ​​such as justice, virtue, moderation, sacrifice, caring for others, in the analysis, as behavioral parameters. Fourth, Islamic economics is a normative discipline. Islamic Economics investigates ways and means to change the existing economy with Islamic economy. Fifth, Islamic economics ask different questions with conventional economics. Its attention is on welfare (falah) human and creating social and institutional conditions that maximize falah in society. Clearly, Islamic economics strongly supports research programs that help maximize falah. Furthermore, Khan elaborates several issues related to the methodology that often appears in the forum of Islamic economists. There are some problems that Khan proposes, they are the interaction with modern economics, the role of revelation, assuming ideal Islamic society, and the general theory of Islamic economics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document