scholarly journals PRICE DETERMINANTS OF BRED COWS

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES L. MITCHELL ◽  
DERRELL S. PEEL ◽  
B. WADE BRORSEN
Keyword(s):  
Market Value ◽  
Lower Price ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
Price Premiums ◽  
Hedonic Modeling ◽  
Price Determinants ◽  
Marketing Service ◽  
Service Data

AbstractHedonic modeling of Oklahoma cow auction data is used to determine the market value of bred cow characteristics. We use Agricultural Marketing Service data that let us consider more years and more lots of cattle than is typical for a cattle hedonic study. The greatest price premiums were for black, late-gestating cows, categorized as high quality by market reporters and weighing between 1,600 and 1,700 lb. Previous research on optimal cow size finds much smaller-size cows are optimal, and our research finds that larger cows receive a lower price per pound but still receive a substantially higher price per head.

scholarly journals HOW ACCURATE ARE FARMERS IN ASSESSING THE GAINS ASSOCIATED WITH QUALITY? THE CASE OF THE MEAT GOAT INDUSTRY

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEFFREY GILLESPIE ◽  
NARAYAN NYAUPANE ◽  
KENNETH McMILLIN
Keyword(s):  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
College Degrees ◽  
Meat Goat ◽  
Marketing Service ◽  
Service Data ◽  
Subjective Estimates

AbstractMeat goat producers were queried to determine subjective estimates of premiums they would receive for slaughter kids of various selection classes. Market-based predicted premium estimates were obtained via regression using published U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service data. Subjective versus market-based predicted premium estimates were compared to determine producer accuracy in predicting premiums. Producers tended to overestimate quality premiums. Producers more accurate in their estimates tended to be larger-scale and older and to hold college degrees, sell more slaughter goats via auction, and manage their goats more intensively. Results contribute to the literature on producer accuracy in predicting prices.

Audit Quality and the Market Value of Cash Holdings: The Case of Office-Level Auditor Industry Specialization

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Bon Kim ◽  
Jay Junghun Lee ◽  
Jong Chool Park
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Cash Holdings ◽  
Market Value ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Value Of Cash ◽  
Office Level ◽  
Industry Specialist

SUMMARY This study investigates the monitoring role of high-quality auditors defined as office-level industry specialists in the stock market valuation of cash assets. We find that the market value of cash holdings is significantly higher for the client of an industry specialist auditor. The marginal value of cash is 34 cents higher for the client of a joint-industry specialist at both the national and city levels than for the client of a nonspecialist. We also find that cash holdings are more closely associated with capital investment and the market value of capital investment is significantly higher when the auditor is a joint-industry specialist. Moreover, we find that the value of cash increases significantly when the client changes its auditor to a joint-industry specialist. Our findings hold even after controlling for the client's governance efficacy and financial reporting quality. Our results provide new insight into the mechanism through which high-quality audits affect firm value: External audits facilitate shareholders' monitoring over managerial cash expenditures, thereby leading market participants to attach a higher value to cash holdings.

scholarly journals Price discrimination in two-sided markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Weiqi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Price Discrimination ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Discrimination Threshold ◽  
Lower Price ◽  
Time Increase ◽  
Exogenous Variables ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Good For ◽  
Two Sided Markets

The use of a price discrimination strategy is an important tool in competition. It can hurt firms and benefit consumers in a one-sided market. However, in two-sided markets, its primary goal is to attract more agents or increase profits. Here, the performance of a second-degree price discrimination strategy in the context of duopoly two-sided platforms is analysed. Two exogenous variables, which include the discount rate and the price discrimination threshold, are used in order to examine whether the price discrimination strategy could help two-sided platforms achieve their objective, which is to maximise their market value. Three cases are considered, and we demonstrate that the price discrimination strategy cannot attract more agents and at the same time increase the profits; a lower price discrimination threshold cannot ensure larger markets shares; a higher discount rate is detrimental to the profit of a platform. However, this is good for its market shares. Moreover, discriminative pricing increases the competition.

Classifying cotton bark and grass extraneous matter using image analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 891-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek P Whitelock ◽  
S Ed Hughs ◽  
Carlos B Armijo
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Shape Parameters ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
Color Parameters ◽  
New Information ◽  
Segmentation Analysis ◽  
Marketing Service

Cotton extraneous matter (EM) and special conditions are the only cotton quality attributes still determined manually by US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service (USDA-AMS) classers. To develop a machine EM classing system, a better understanding of what triggers a classer EM call is needed. The goal of this work was to develop new information about cotton EM, such as bark and grass, and leaf particles, using machine measurements, to aid in the development of instrumentation for cotton quality measurements. AMS classers were tasked in identifying and denoting bark/grass in large-area color images of cotton samples. Image segmentation analysis was applied to detect non-cotton items, such as leaf particles, and the classer denoted bark/grass objects were segmented manually. Further image analysis was used to measure shape and color parameters of these bark/grass objects and leaf particles in the sample images. These measurements of the bark/grass objects and leaf particles were compared and logistical regression analyses conducted to evaluate classification. For every shape and color parameter, there were significant differences between the bark/grass objects and the detected leaf particles in the images. The differences were greater for the shape parameters than for the color parameters. A classification model with shape, color, and log-transformed shape parameters consistently classified the bark/grass objects and leaf particles most accurately with 99.5% and 97.6% correct classification rate, respectively. However, classification models that were 99% correct classifying manually segmented bark/grass were only about 77% correct when applied to the machine detected bark/grass particles.

Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States: Changes between April 12 and July 15, 1940

1940 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 959-963
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
Naval Stores ◽  
Advisory Commission ◽  
Marketing Service

As in previous lists, mention is here confined generally to units specifically authorized by law or established by the President by executive order or Reorganization Plans under general authority vested in him. Changes in units created by heads of departments or independent establishments are excluded unless of major importance.Administration of Insecticide Act and Naval Stores Act. Transferred to Agricultural Marketing Service from Food and Drug Administration by Order 865 of the Secretary of Agriculture of June 19, 1940, effective June 30, 1940.Advisory Commission to Council of National Defense. On May 28, 1940, the President announced the creation of an Advisory Commission to the Council of National Defense, although the official nomination of members by the Council did not appear until the publication of the Federal Register for June 26. The Council consists of the Secretaries of War, Navy, Interior, Commerce, Agriculture, and Labor, and the act of August 29, 1916 (39 Stat. L. 649),authorizes it to nominate and the President to appoint an advisory commission. The members of the Commission receive no compensation, but are reimbursed for expenses.

scholarly journals Electronic Appraisal Methodology for Right-of-Way Acquisition in Highway Projects

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos H. Caldas ◽  
Zhanmin Zhang ◽  
Ragheb Al Halabi ◽  
Elizabeth Kincaid
Keyword(s):  
Market Value ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Highway Projects ◽  
Appraisal Process ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
Fair Market ◽  
Fair Market Value ◽  
Departments Of Transportation

When right-of-way is acquired for highway projects, state departments of transportation (DOTs) must ensure property owners receive a fair market value for their land by delivering high-quality appraisals. Despite recent technological advances, the highly complicated appraisal process often results in similar properties being assessed differently. Several DOTs sponsored a study to develop an electronic appraisal method to improve the appraisal process and to reduce the likelihood of inconsistent appraisal values by capturing, transmitting, storing, managing, and analyzing the appraisal data. The proposed method’s framework is discussed and a prototype of the system has been developed to demonstrate its features.

Rodent Excreta Contamination and Insect Damage of Wheat

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN S. GECAN ◽  
JOEL J. THRASHER ◽  
WILLIAM EISENBERG ◽  
PARIS M. BRICKEY
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Data ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Marketing Service

A survey was made to determine the levels of insect damage and rodent excreta pellets in wheat. The analytical data obtained represented the various grade designations of wheat normally encountered during wheat grade certification in the 34 Agricultural Marketing Service, Grain Division, field offices. The mean and range of weights of insect-damaged kernels per 100 g and rodent excreta pellets and pellet fragments per kilogram were 71.5 mg (0–3809 mg) and 0.9 mg (0–100 mg), respectively. The mean and range of numbers of insect-damaged kernels and rodent excreta pellets were 3.3 (0–169) and 0.1 (0–11), respectively. The percentages of samples containing insect-damaged kernels and rodent excreta were approximately 35 and 7%, respectively.

Confounding Role of Salmonella Serotype Dublin Testing Results of Boneless and Ground Beef Purchased for the National School Lunch Program, October 2013 to July 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-636
Author(s):  
SCOTT L. VIAL ◽  
DARIN R. DOERSCHER ◽  
CARL M. SCHROEDER ◽  
ALI J. STRICKLAND ◽  
CRAIG W. HEDBERG
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Salmonella Dublin ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Nutrition Assistance ◽  
Nutrition Assistance Programs ◽  
Marketing Service

ABSTRACT The Agricultural Marketing Service procures boneless and ground beef for federal nutrition assistance programs. It tests procured beef for concentrations of standard plate counts (SPCs), coliforms, and Escherichia coli and for the presence of Salmonella and Shiga toxin–producing E. coli. Any lot exceeding predefined critical limits (100,000 CFU g−1 for SPCs, 1,000 CFU g−1 for coliforms, and 500 CFU g−1 for E. coli) or positive for Salmonella or Shiga toxin–producing E. coli is rejected for purchase. Between 1 October 2013 and 31 July 2017, 166,796 boneless beef lots (each approximately 900 kg) and 25,051 ground beef sublots (each approximately 4,500 kg) were produced. Salmonella was detected in 1,955 (1.17%) boneless beef lots and 219 (0.87%) ground beef sublots. Salmonella sample size increased from an individual 25-g sample to a co-enriched 325-g sample on 1 March 2015. Salmonella presence was associated with season (lowest in spring), larger sample size, and increased log SPC in boneless and ground beef. Increased log E. coli was associated with Salmonella presence in boneless beef, but not ground beef. Salmonella Dublin was the most common serotype in boneless beef (743 of 1,407, 52.8%) and ground beef (35 of 171, 20.5%). Salmonella Dublin was generally associated with lower indicator microorganism concentrations compared with other Salmonella serotypes as a group. Relative to other Salmonella, Salmonella Dublin was associated with season (more common in spring) and smaller sample size in boneless and ground beef. Decreased log SPCs and log coliforms were associated with Salmonella Dublin presence in boneless beef, but not in ground beef. Differential associations between Salmonella Dublin and other serotypes with indicator microorganisms were strong enough to cause confounding and suggest that the presence of Salmonella Dublin needs to be accounted for when evaluating indicator performance to assess Salmonella risk in boneless and ground beef. HIGHLIGHTS

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