Serendipitous Cultural Tourist

Factors such as technological developments, increasing population growth, social opportunities, the right to paid vacation, increase in leisure time, increase in income level have provided tourism development and rapid acceleration in recent years. In addition, factors such as culture and education level have gained importance in the development of tourism. The prominence of cultural values in the destination management is proportional to the satisfaction of the tourists coming to the region. The aim of this chapter is to explain and give knowledge about the “serendipitous cultural tourist” typology, which is one of the types of tourists who do not come for cultural motivations. Although tourists do not participate in tourism for cultural purposes, the fact that they visit cultural attractions causes them to be named as cultural tourist type. Destination management organizers providing better service and more detailed information to the tourists improve the likelihood of them visiting the destination again.

Promotion of the Hypocrellin Yield by a Co-Culture of Shiraia bambusicola (GDMCC 60438) with Arthrinium sp. AF-5 Fungus

Hypocrellin is a natural 3,10-xylene-4,9-anthracene derivative compound that originates from the stroma of Shiraia bambusicola (S. bambusicola) and Hypocrella bambusae with excellent photobiological activities. Submerged fermentation with the mycelia of S. bambusicola is generally regarded as an ideal technology for hypocrellin production. This study developed a co-cultivation strategy for an obvious promotion of the hypocrellin yield by incubating S. bambusicola (GDMCC 60438) with the endophyte fungus Arthrinium sp. AF-5 isolated from the bamboo tissue. The results indicated that the yield of hypocrellin A (HA) reached a 66.75 mg/g carbon source after an 84-h co-cultivation of the two strains, which was a four-time increase of that by the fermentation only with the S. bambusicola. The microscope observation found that the mycelia of the two strains were intertwined with each other to form the mycelium pellets during the co-cultivation. Moreover, the mycelium pellets of the co-culture showed a contracted and slightly damaged morphology. The addition of H2O2 in the fermentation media could further increase the HA production by 18.31%.

Metal Nanoparticles against Viruses: Possibilities to Fight SARS-CoV-2

In view of the current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak, the research community is focusing on development of diagnostics, treatment, and vaccines to halt or reverse this scenario. Although there are already various vaccines available, adaptive mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome can alter its pathogenic potential and, at the same time, increase the difficulty of developing drugs or immunization by vaccines. Nanotechnology carries a potential to act in all stages in fighting this viral disease, with several possibilities of strategies such as applying nanoparticles directly as antivirals in delivery systems against these viruses or incorporating them in materials, with power of achievement in therapeutics, vaccines and prevention. In this paper, we review and bring insights of recent studies using metal nanocomposites as antivirals against coronavirus and structurally similar viruses.

Comparison of a Lightweight Experimental Shaker and an Orchard Tractor Mounted Trunk Shaker for Fresh Market Citrus Harvesting

A designed lightweight experimental shaker successfully used to collect ornamental oranges has been tested to harvest fresh market citrus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the removal efficiency and operational times of this experimental device compared to an orchard trunk shaker. Three different collecting systems were studied. ‘Caracara’ citrus trees were tested. Removal efficiency, vibration parameters, fruit and tree damages, and fruit quality were measured. A high-speed camera was used to record operational times and determine cumulative removal percentage over vibration time. The canvases on the ground reduced the severe fruit damages but were not useful to protect against light damages. The experimental shaker produced a higher percentage of slightly damaged oranges. No significant differences in removal efficiency were found between the two harvesting systems. However, removal efficiency using the experimental device could be reduced by 40 percent and working time increase by more than 50 percent when access to the main branches was difficult. In agreement with previous results, the curve representing the branch cumulative removal percentage in time followed a sigmoidal pattern. A model was built showing that during the first 5 s more than 50 percent of the fruits were detached.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DIDACTIC PRINCIPLE OF SYSTEMATIZATION AND CONTINUITY IN ELECTRONIC TEXTBOOKS

The article deals with a relevant issue of studying the didactic potential of electronic textbooks, which has become particularly timely in the context of significant challenges to the education system caused by the pandemic. Contemporary scholars note that current educational practice is well ahead of the development of scientifically sound patterns and conditions for the formation and functioning of the components of the didactic system of e-learning. The purpose of the article is to analyze the positive and negative aspects of the implementation of the didactic principle of systematization and continuity in electronic textbooks. According to the research aim advantages and disadvantages of using electronic textbooks, in particular in of realization didactic principle of systematization and continuity are analyzed in the paper. It was found, that the expanded capacity of electronic textbooks will not only allow to implement that principle on the qualitatively new level but at the same time increase the didactic risks of their realization. The requirements for electronic textbooks, which will allow to minimize didactic risks and prevent potential negative impact on the educational process are formulated. While designing an e-textbook it is necessary to follow the sequence of presentation of educational material in a systematic and structured form and take into account the purpose, tasks, competencies to be formed and specific of a particular subject. Authors should take into account the retrospective and prospective relations of the educational material in order to ensure continuity in the acquisition of knowledge and skills. It is recommended to adhere to the general conceptual framework, use unified terminology, avoid duplication of educational material, methodically unsound hyperlinks, because the abuse both external and internal hyperlinks distracts from the main course of material presentation.

Extraction of cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch using eco-friendly solvents for preparation of transparent cellulose thin film

The purpose of this research is to extract the cellulose using eco-friendly reagents of hydrogen peroxide and formic acid and determine the optimum reaction time for delignification process. The extracted cellulose and characterised using FTIR, TGA and PSA. The percentage yield of extracted cellulose were calculated. The highest yield was found to be 65.78 % at reaction time 120 min. The FTIR spectral studies confirm the removal of lignin from the delignified cellulose at peak 1613 cm−1 and the TGA result shows the thermal degradation of extracted cellulose at 329.04, 329.92 and 330.99 °C at reaction time 60, 90 and 120 min. The PSA studies provided the evidence of extracted particle size of the cellulose become finer as the reaction time increase. The particle size observed for delignified cellulose at 60, 90 and 120 min are 68.4, 64.6 and 57.3 μm. The extraction of cellulose and characterization to determine the optimum reaction time was able to obtain. From the result obtained, it can be concluded that the longer the reaction time, the higher the percentage yield of cellulose extracted. Film formation was later carried out using the extracted cellulose from different reaction time.

A STUDY OF PLATELET COUNT AND BLEEDING TIME IN THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY WITH REFERENCE TO PRE-ECLAMPSIA.

BACKGROUND: - Pre-eclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy and contributes signicantly maternal as well as perinatal morbidity and mortality. So an attempt was made to study the platelet count and bleeding time in cases of preeclampsia. AIM:-(1) To nd out the platelet count and bleeding time in pre-eclamptic woman. rd (2) To compare the values of platelet count and bleeding time in pre-eclamptics and normal pregnant woman in 3 trimester of pregnancy. METHODOLOGY:- 120 pregnant women in age group 18-42 years were included in the study of which 40 women were mild pre-eclamptic, 40 severe pre-eclamptic and 40 normal pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy. RESULT:- Signicant decrease in platelet count and signicant increase in bleeding time was found between pre-eclamptic in comparison with the normal pregnant women. DISCUSSION:- Platelet count was found to decrease & Bleeding Time increase in pre-eclampsia CONCLUSION:- From this study,it was concluded that platelet count decrease and bleeding time incease with increase in severity of preeclampsia

Field Investigation and Experimentation of Expansive Mortar in Dimension Stone Mining

Nature has blessed Pakistan with huge reserves of dimension stone that are mostly extracted through conventional mining methods. Different mechanized techniques have been tested and some give propitious results but failed to get popularity in the dimension stone sector of Pakistan. One such attempt is made in this work and a non-conventional method expansive mortar (EM) is introduce into this sector, to reduce the waste and cracks that are produced during conventional mining method (drilling and blasting). The results proclaim that expansive mortar efficiently reduced waste production and increased productivity. Through conventional method 470 MTs economical blocks were extracted from a block of 10758 cubic ft, earning $1121.95. In contrast, expansive mortar was applied to a block volume of 6750 cubic ft, in which economical blocks extracted were weighing 489 MTs, earning $5766.46. These encouraging figures replicate more than five-time increase in profit and high reduction in waste production.

RESEARCH OF FIRE DEVELOPMENT IN MULTI-STORY BUILDINGS IN CITIES OF UKRAINE

The division of urban settlements into appropriate groups by population and area using the methods of cluster analysis. Statistical data characterizing the process of extinguishing fires by emergency rescue formations of cities have been processed. One settlement was selected from each group of cities and data on fires for the period of 2020 were further processed on them. The relationship of the following parameters is established: combustion area; floor of the building; time of fire localization. The obtained static data show that the area of the fire and the localization time increase on average from 3.5 to 6 times. The result of the data analysis makes it possible to calculate the amount of required extinguishing agents when using the method of discrete delivery.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Slateng Kecamatan Ledokombo Jember Mengolah Limbah Serbuk Gergaji Sengon Menjadi Biochar

The use of high inorganic fertilizers in conventional agriculture can affect soil fertility. Efforts to improve land fertility in order to increase land productivity and at the same time increase farmers' income require integrated and sustainable agricultural business development technology. Biochar applied to paddy fields is able to increase organic carbon which can provide nutrients for organisms in the soil that will provide nutrients for plants. Sengon waste in Slateng Village is abundant and has not been utilized, while most of the livelihoods of the Slateng Village residents are farmers. This activity aims to provide training to members of the Harapan Farmers Group and the local Mosque Youth to be able to process sengon waste into biochar. This activity is carried out in several stages, namely socialization and practice. The result of this activity is that participants gain knowledge about processing sengon waste and produce biochar fertilizer that is ready to be applied.