scholarly journals P.025 Magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric recurrent ophthalmoplegic cranial neuropathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (S2) ◽  
pp. S19-S20
Author(s):  
A Alawadhi ◽  
C Saint-Martin ◽  
M Oskoui
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Past History ◽  
Cranial Neuropathy ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
Ophthalmoplegic Migraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unclear Etiology

Background: Recurrent ophthalmoplegic cranial neuropathy (ROCN), previously called ophthalmoplegic migraine, is characterized by recurrent episodes of headache and ophthalmoplegia of unclear etiology. Characteristic neuroimaging findings can support the diagnosis. Methods: A case report and review of the literature. Results: We present a 6-year-old girl with a past history of migraine headaches associated with retroorbital pain since 4 years of age. Family history is positive for migraine. She presented with a half a day history of left eye ptosis, 10 days post a resolved gastroenteritis which was associated with headaches. Examination showed only a left eye ptosis, pupil-sparing with no exotropia or diplopia. There was no headache. The rest of the neurologic examination was normal. Investigations showed normal blood tests and lumbar puncture. MRI head showed on thin cuts asymmetric nodular thickening (4mm) of the origin of the cisternal segment of the left oculomotor nerve, with corresponding homogeneous enhancement post gadolinium infusion. Clinical resolution occurred spontaneously within 48 hours. A review of the literature highlights focal thickening and enhancement of the affected cranial nerve, with resolution of enhancement post-acute phase. Conclusions: Focal thickening and enhancement of affected cranial nerve is seen in the majority of pediatric ROCN. These findings are best seen with thin MRI cuts and gadolinium infusion.

scholarly journals Are some ophthalmoplegias migrainous in origin?

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Lal ◽  
Louis Caplan
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positive History ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
Ophthalmoplegic Migraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy

The 3rd edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders replaced the term ophthalmoplegic migraine (OM) with Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy (RPON) based on the presence of contrast enhancement of the involved cranial nerves on Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. We review our experience and publications concerning ophthalmoplegia, migraine, and RPON. Majority of cases of acute ophthalmoplegia are associated with severe migrainous headaches. A positive history of migraine, increased severity of migraine headaches before the onset of ophthalmoplegia, and the close temporal association between migraine attacks and ophthalmoplegia all suggest an important role played by migraine in the causation of ophthalmoplegia. Enhancement of the involved cranial nerves may be due to the neuro-inflammatory cascade associated with migraine. OM should be considered along with RPON in differential diagnoses of painful ophthalmoplegic syndromes.

Salivary gland pathology in the paediatric population: implications for management and presentation of a rare case

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Jablenska ◽  
A Trinidade ◽  
V Meranagri ◽  
P Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Superficial Parotidectomy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Painless Mass ◽  
Salivary Gland Pathology

AbstractIntroduction:Salivary gland pathology in the paediatric population is rare and can present management challenges regarding both investigation and treatment.Method:Case report and review of available literature.Results:A seven-year-old, fit, well girl presented with a two-month history of a painless mass over the left parotid area. Ultrasonography confirmed the presence of a well-defined, 1.5 × 2 cm, predominantly solid lesion with minor internal cystic spaces arising from the superficial part of the gland. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no invasion of the deep lobe or skeletal erosion. Superficial parotidectomy was performed via a facelift incision. Histopathology confirmed a diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma. Review of the literature emphasised important differences in managing this pathology in the paediatric population when compared with adults.Conclusion:We present the youngest reported case of a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland, detail its management, and discuss the general approach to parotid pathology management in the paediatric population.

scholarly journals Isolated Spontaneous Midbrain Hemorrhage in a 14-Year-Old Boy

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (01) ◽  
pp. e5-e8
Author(s):  
Kim-Long Nguyen ◽  
Hyunyoung Kim ◽  
Laszlo Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Bleeding Diathesis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Noncontrast Computed Tomography

AbstractIsolated spontaneous midbrain hemorrhages are rare because they are usually secondary to hemorrhages from inferior structures such as the pons and cerebellum, or superior structures such as the thalamus and putamen. While the etiologies are largely unidentified, the most common ones are vascular malformations and bleeding diathesis with hypertension being relatively uncommon. We report midbrain hemorrhage in a 14-year-old boy with a long-standing history of frequent migraine headaches and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Neurologic examinations, noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested that the lesion likely affected the dorsal part of the midbrain. The neurologic symptoms improved following endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) with the placement of external ventricular drains (EVDs). In this report, anatomical correlations to the case are discussed and previous reports of midbrain hemorrhages are reviewed.

scholarly journals Synchronization of Synovial Chondromatosis and Mycobacterium intracellurae Infection in Olecranon Bursitis: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Seunggi Min ◽  
Hyun Joo Lee ◽  
Hee-June Kim ◽  
Hoseok Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Mycobacterial Infection ◽  
Synovial Chondromatosis ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Olecranon Bursitis ◽  
Rice Bodies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Characteristics

A 73-year-old woman presented with a recurrent cystic mass around her left olecranon. She had a history of 8 steroid injections due to elbow pain beginning 3 years ago and twice had undergone aspiration of olecranon bursitis that developed two months prior to presentation. She had been taking medications for hypertension and diabetes with no pertinent past history. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), there were multiple nodules in the olecranon bursa, which were isointense to muscle on T1-weighted images and hyperintense to muscle on T2-weighted images. Our initial diagnosis was synovial chondromatosis. On bursoscopy, masses of gray-white colored nodules were observed in the bursa. Finally, synovial chondromatosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection were concurrently diagnosed. In conclusion, uncalcified synovial chondromatosis and rice bodies can have similar visual and MRI characteristics; therefore, we suggest that clinicians should be aware of the possibility of other infections in cases of this type.

scholarly journals Spontaneous epidural pneumorrhachis in 14 years old

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Joseph Scott Hudson ◽  
Seung Jeong ◽  
Xiaoran Zhang ◽  
Taylor J. Abel
Keyword(s):  
Rare Complication ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unclear Etiology ◽  
Epidural Gas ◽  
Spontaneous Onset ◽  
Rule Out

Background: Pneumorrhachis is an exceedingly rare complication of pneumomediastinum as air tracks through tissue planes into the epidural (or subdural space). The majority of these patients present with a clear history of trauma, iatrogenic injury, pneumothorax, vomiting, or retching. Case Description: A 14-year-old male presented with the asymptomatic spontaneous onset of pneumorrhachis associated with significant pneumomediastinum of unclear etiology. Conclusion: Most patients with pneumorrhachis present with nonfocal neurological examinations. For these patients, it is critical to rule out infection as the cause of epidural gas. If other systemic signs are present, then urgent contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging should be obtained. The majority of patients will demonstrate spontaneous radiographic resolution of pneumorrhachis within several days.

Primary Intradural Classic Chondrosarcoma: Case Report and Literature Review

Neurosurgery ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jark Jan Daniël Bosma ◽  
Ramez Wadie Kirollos ◽  
John Broome ◽  
Paul Richard Eldridge
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Exact Origin

Abstract OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE The exact origin of rare intradural chondrosarcomas remains obscure. We present a case report of an intradural classic chondrosarcoma (a very rare subtype of chondrosarcoma in this location), with a review of the literature, in an attempt to clarify the histogenesis of these tumors. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 48-year-old man presented with a 12-month history of progressive right hemiparesis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a left parietal space-occupying lesion. INTERVENTION The patient underwent an image-guided, left parietal parasagittal craniotomy. An extrinsic tumor, which seemed to arise from the dura, was macroscopically removed. There was no bone involvement. The histological examination revealed a Grade II classic chondrosarcoma with tumor infiltration into the dura. Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered. CONCLUSION Intradural chondrosarcomas are rare tumors, the majority of which are mesenchymal. Classic chondrosarcomas in this location are much rarer. Their histogenesis is uncertain. In this case, the origin seems to be from the dura. Because of the malignant potential of these tumors, radical extirpation whenever possible, followed by radiotherapy, is indicated.

scholarly journals A Case of Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Caused by Opioid Treatment for Nonmalignant Chronic Pain

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Tabuchi ◽  
Tetsuyuki Yasuda ◽  
Hideaki Kaneto ◽  
Tetsuhiro Kitamura ◽  
Junji Kozawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Past History ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transdermal Fentanyl ◽  
Opioid Treatment ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

We report a case of 42-year-old male patient with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. He suffered from general fatigue and erectile dysfunction after the treatment with transdermal fentanyl for chronic pain by traffic injury. Endocrine examinations and hormone stimulating tests showed that he had hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no abnormal findings, and he had no past history of accounting for acquired hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Therefore, his hypogonadism was diagnosed to be caused by opioid treatment. Although opioid-induced endocrine dysfunctions are not widely recognized, this case suggests that we should consider the possibility of endocrine dysfunctions in patients with opioid treatment.

scholarly journals Neurosarcoidosis presenting with a partial Claude syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e232317
Author(s):  
Hao Meng Yip ◽  
Kirtana Vallabhaneni ◽  
David Williams
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Cranial Neuropathy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Facial Weakness ◽  
Cutaneous Sarcoidosis ◽  
Third Nerve Palsy ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Csf Examination

Neurosarcoidosis when encountered by neurologists most commonly presents as cranial neuropathy, peripheral mononeuropathy,polyneuropathy, myopathy, meningitis or myelopathy. There are limited reports in the current literature on the cases of neurosarcoidosis patients presenting with ischaemic stroke. We discuss a 52-year-old patient with a known previous history of cutaneous sarcoidosis presenting with an acute third nerve palsy, facial weakness and ataxia. His magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain demonstrated focal signal changes in the midbrain consistent with an acute ischaemic event in the region of his third nucleus, suggesting a partial Claude syndrome presentation. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination demonstrated an elevated angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) level. We discuss the difficulties associated with confirming a diagnosis for his presentation and consider distinctions in stroke in neurosarcoid and its management in comparison to more common causes.

scholarly journals Adderall Induced Acute Liver Injury: A Rare Case and Review of the Literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohini R. Vanga ◽  
Bikram Bal ◽  
Kevin W. Olden
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Past History ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Intensive Monitoring ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time Of Presentation

Adderall (dextroamphetamine/amphetamine) is a widely prescribed medicine for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and is considered safe with due precautions. Use of prescribed Adderall without intention to overdose as a cause of acute liver injury is extremely rare, and to our knowledge no cases have been reported in the English literature. Amphetamine is an ingredient of recreational drugs such as Ecstacy and is known to cause hepatotoxicity. We describe here the case of a 55-year-old woman who developed acute liver failure during the treatment of ADHD with Adderall. She presented to the emergency room with worsening abdominal pain, malaise, and jaundice requiring hospitalization. She had a past history of partial hepatic resection secondary to metastasis from colon cancer which was under remission at the time of presentation. She recovered after intensive monitoring and conservative management. Adderall should be used carefully in individuals with underlying liver conditions.

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