Disaster Literacy and Public Health: A Systematic Review and Integration of Definitions and Models

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Cüneyt Çalışkan ◽  
Sarp Üner
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Definition Of

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to develop an integrated definition and a conceptual model covering the dimensions of disaster literacy. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify the definitions and conceptual frameworks of disaster literacy. The content analysis of definitions and conceptual frameworks were conducted to identify the central dimensions of disaster literacy and to develop an integrated model. Results: In this study, 8 disaster literacy definitions and 4 conceptual model studies related to disasters were found. In line with these studies, a comprehensive definition of disaster literacy was presented. In addition, based on content analysis, a 16-matrix integrative conceptual model of the mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery dimensions of disaster literacy, and the access, understanding, appraisal, and application areas of disaster information processing were developed. Conclusions: In this study, a comprehensive definition and conceptual framework of disaster literacy were presented in an integrated model. By using this model, practices that are special to the phases of a disaster can be identified and supported in society. In addition, the model can contribute to empirical studies by providing the basis for the development of tools to measure disaster literacy.

scholarly journals Towards a HR Framework for Developing a Health-Promoting Performance Culture at Work: A Norwegian Health Care Management Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9164
Author(s):  
Rune Bjerke
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Performance Culture ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Management Case Study ◽  
Hr Strategy

The Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH) states that Norway faces several major health challenges. Sick leave is at 6% and costs employers approximately EUR 1.75 billion annually. The NIPH proposes, with the support of the Public Health Act and the national strategy HealthCare21, that preventive measures should be developed to address negative lifestyle factors in order to decrease the number of new cases in the related disease groups (e.g., stroke, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity). The purpose of this article is to answer why and how organisations should develop a health-promoting performance culture and to provide a conceptual model displaying the importance of this type of culture for organisational performance. To boost the national health standard as a consequence of employee physical activity at work, I suggest additional occupational safety and health (OSH) directives. Based on cross-disciplinary theorizing, I propose a definition of a health-promoting performance culture. This kind of culture consists of dimensions such as health objectives, shared health values, supportive health environment, goal-oriented and value-based behaviour of leaders and employees, and a winning mindset. In addition, the article underscores the importance of related individual HR drivers like fun at work, engagement, physical and mental health for increasing organisational performance. The company cases used in this paper, Schibsted, Gjensidige, Findus and Wilhelmsen, and findings from five in-depth interviews, indicate that health-promoting activities are the result of either an HR strategy or individuals’ initiative and voluntariness among the companies’ sports enthusiasts. The case of Findus exemplifies an ongoing development toward a health-promoting performance culture and the importance of leaders’ participation. The findings support several elements of the conceptual model showing the relations between a health-promoting performance culture, individual HR drivers and organisational performance. A framework for developing a health-promoting performance culture in practice is presented.

scholarly journals On the Adequacy of Expert Teachers: From Practical Convenience to Psychological Reality

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sima Caspari-Sadeghi ◽  
Johannes Konig
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Expert Teachers ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Definition Of

This literature review examined approximately 10000 titles in five representative journals in education. It is conducted at two levels. Section A identified the preferred terms and metaphors to describe teachers at different expertise levels. Results indicated a great inconsistency in terms of terminology as well as definition of the same terms or metaphors in different journals, with a lot of them being suggestive and poetic. Section B started with the two most frequent terms, "expert" & "experienced", and put thirty two empirical studies into content analysis to uncover how their respective samples were operationally defined and selected. Findings showed both terms were constantly under-represented and there was a lack of dependable agreed-upon definition of "experienced and expert". It is argued our limitations in educational knowledge could be partly attributed to such poor conceptualizations, imprecise operationalization, and ‘reductive bias ‘of researchers.

Spirituality as an ethical challenge in Indian palliative care: A systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris Gielen ◽  
Sushma Bhatnagar ◽  
Santosh K. Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Ethical Challenge ◽  
Ethical Implications

AbstractObjective:Spiritual care is recognized as an essential component of palliative care (PC). However, patients' experience of spirituality is heavily context dependent. In addition, Western definitions and findings regarding spirituality may not be applicable to patients of non-Western origin, such as Indian PC patients. Given the particular sociocultural, religious, and economic conditions in which PC programs in India operate, we decided to undertake a systematic review of the literature on spirituality among Indian PC patients. We intended to assess how spirituality has been interpreted and operationalized in studies of this population, to determine which dimensions of spirituality are important for patients, and to analyze its ethical implications.Method:In January of 2015, we searched five databases (ATLA, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and PubMed) using a combination of controlled and noncontrolled vocabulary. A content analysis of all selected reports was undertaken to assess the interpretation and dimensions of spirituality. Data extraction from empirical studies was done using a data-extraction sheet.Results:A total of 39 empirical studies (12 qualitative, 21 quantitative, and 6 mixed-methods) and 18 others (10 reviews, 4 opinion articles, and 4 case studies) were retrieved. To date, no systematic review on spirituality in Indian PC has been published. Spirituality was the main focus of only six empirical studies. The content analysis revealed three dimensions of spirituality: (1) the relational dimension, (2) the existential dimension, and (3) the values dimension. Religion is prominent in all these dimensions. Patients' experiences of spirituality are determined by the specifically Indian context, which leads to particular ethical issues.Significance of results:Since spiritual well-being greatly impacts quality of life, and because of the substantial presence of people of Indian origin living outside the subcontinent, the findings of our review have international relevance. Moreover, our review illustrates that spirituality can be an ethical challenge and that more ethical reflection on provision of spiritual care is needed.

scholarly journals Interventions Adopting Body-Mind-Spirit Model to Improve the Holistic Health of Older Adults: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 951-951
Author(s):  
Xinyue Hu ◽  
Tongtong Li ◽  
Iris Chi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
Holistic Health ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Randomization Process

Abstract This systematic review aims to summarize 5 key information from non-pharmaceutical intervention studies which adopt Body-Mind-Spirit (BMS) model for older adults: (1) definition of BMS, (2) types and formats of the interventions, (3) background and BMS training of the interventionists, (4) activities included in the interventions, and (5) effect of these interventions on the holistic health of older adults. We conducted a systematic search of 9 databases (ProQuest, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane, Wanfang, AIRITI, CADAL, CNKI) for studies published in English or Chinese through May 31, 2021. Inclusion criteria were: (1) Must be empirical studies; (2) Participants must be aged 55 and above; and (3) Must adopt the BMS model or contain BMS in full-text. We found 15 studies (7 RCTs, 1 cluster randomized trial, 3 mixed-method studies, and 4 qualitative studies). Ten studies (66.67%) adopted Chan’s BMS model. Thirteen studies (86.67%) adopted in-person group interventions. Only five studies (33.33%) provided BMS training to the interventionists. Six articles (40%) categorized the activities as body-, mind- or spirituality-related. Ten studies (66.67%) reported effectiveness in all 3 dimensions of BMS. Of the 7 RCTs, 5 were rated as medium-quality, and 2 were rated as low-quality according to the Cochrane’s Risk of Bias tool. Most interventions based on the BMS model claimed to be effective in improving the holistic health of older adults. In order to improve the internal validity, future RCT studies should be more prudent about the randomization process and adhere to the BMS model when designing the interventions.

E-service flexibility: meeting new customer demands online

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1123-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Jin ◽  
Ngozi Oriaku
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Activity Cycle ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
A Company

Purpose – Business-to-consumer (B2C) electronic service (e-service) allows a company to decrease transaction costs, expedite delivery time, and serve more customers. Flexibility lets e-service providers improve their service without costly and time-consuming infrastructure overhauls to cope with the changing business environment. Little work has been done to associate flexibility with e-service. This paper aims to provide a conceptual taxonomy of e-service flexibility in line with the online purchase in a customer activity cycle (CAC), as well as a theoretical model to investigate the relationships among a company's internal flexibility, e-service flexibility, customer readiness and firm performance. Design/methodology/approach – Based on an extensive review of e-service and flexibility literature, the paper develops a taxonomy of B2C e-service flexibility in a CAC framework and a conceptual model to show the influence e-service flexibility exerts on firm performance and the factors that support e-service flexibility. Findings – This research identifies the important e-service flexibility in each CAC stage, discusses the influence of e-service flexibility on firm performance and an organization's internal flexibility supporting e-service flexibility, and argues that customer readiness has an important influence on firm performance as well. Research limitations/implications – The conceptual model of e-service flexibility and propositions need further empirical validation. Practical implications – This paper should help managers identify the critical e-service flexibility that satisfies their customers and the core internal flexibility that supports flexible e-service. It should help managers consider customer limitations when developing e-service flexibility. Originality/value – This research sets some theoretical and research foundation for future empirical studies. First, the research provides a conceptual definition of e-service flexibility in line with the CAC. Based on the definition, measurements of e-service flexibility in each stage of CAC could be developed and the e-service flexibility construct could be validated. Second, the conceptual model outlines the relationships between a company's internal flexibility, e-service flexibility, customer readiness, and firm performance. The theoretical model provides the foundation for empirically testing the influences of interactions between a company and their customers on firm performance.

scholarly journals How is affective instability defined and measured? A systematic review

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1793-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marwaha ◽  
Z. He ◽  
M. Broome ◽  
S. P. Singh ◽  
J. Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Affective Instability ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Affective Lability

BackgroundAffective instability (AI) is poorly defined but considered clinically important. The aim of this study was to examine definitions and measures of AI employed in clinical populations.MethodThis study was a systematic review using the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycArticles and Web of Science databases were searched. Also five journals were hand searched. Primary empirical studies involving randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, controlled before and after, and observational investigations were included. Studies were selected, data extracted and quality appraised. A narrative synthesis was completed.ResultsA total of 11 443 abstracts were screened and 37 studies selected for final analysis on the basis that they provided a definition and measure of AI. Numbers of definitions for each of the terms employed in included studies were: AI (n = 7), affective lability (n = 6), affective dysregulation (n = 1), emotional dysregulation (n = 4), emotion regulation (n = 2), emotional lability (n = 1), mood instability (n = 2), mood lability (n = 1) and mood swings (n = 1); however, these concepts showed considerable overlap in features. A total of 24 distinct measures were identified that could be categorized as primarily measuring one of four facets of AI (oscillation, intensity, ability to regulate and affect change triggered by environment) or as measuring general emotional regulation.ConclusionsA clearer definition of AI is required. We propose AI be defined as ‘rapid oscillations of intense affect, with a difficulty in regulating these oscillations or their behavioural consequences’. No single measure comprehensively assesses AI and a combination of current measures is required for assessment. A new short measure of AI that is reliable and validated against external criteria is needed.

25.I. Skills building seminar: Utilizing document review and content analysis for monitoring public health initiatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Site Visit ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Public Health Initiatives

Abstract Ongoing monitoring and process evaluation of public health initiatives can be challenging, particularly with complex initiatives involving multiple partners and systems and environmental change goals. Limited resources for monitoring and evaluation contribute to these challenges. Many initiatives and programs generate multiple reporting documents, however, such as planning documents, site visit or trip reports, and summative evaluation reports. Often these documents are underutilized, although they contain valuable information that can be mined. If (ideally) thoughtfully designed and then systematically reviewed using quantitative and qualitative content analysis methods (e.g. Neuendorff 2019, White and Marsh 2006), such documents can serve as valuable and cost- and time-efficient sources of data for monitoring and course correction. The presenters have experience both teaching, designing, and utilizing documents and content analysis methods for supporting effective planning, monitoring, and process evaluation. We will briefly present both quantitative and qualitative content analysis methods that can be applied both to documents tailored for such methods and pre-existing documents. The use of simpler tools for managing and analyzing data such as Excel as well as more complex computer assisted data analysis software (CAQDAS) packages will be reviewed. We will give examples utilizing experiences applying these methods to local public health department work as well as global health engagement projects. Following presentation giving an overview of content analysis methods and developing tools for applying them to documents via identified criteria, participants will be dividing into small breakout groups, and supported in brainstorming discussions about how they can use these methods with their own programs and initiatives. Following this workshop, participants should be able to: 1) discuss the differences between quantitative and qualitative approaches to content analysis of documents, for monitoring purposes; 2) understand the process of identifying criteria or categories tied to the goals and objectives of initiatives or programs, even if goals and objectives change over time, and utilizing these criteria to develop tools for systematic review and content analysis of available documents; and 3) leave with initial ideas about how to apply these tools in their own work and resources for doing so. Key messages Program or project generated documents such as plans, site visit and existing reports are underutilized for monitoring and process evaluation but can serve as valuable and accessible data sources. Systematic review including quantitative and qualitative content analysis methods can be used with project documents to support valid and rigorous data extraction for monitoring purposes.

Insight in nonpsychotic disorders: A new model of insight and a systematic review of measures

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110257
Author(s):  
Asala Halaj ◽  
Jonathan D Huppert
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Systematic Search ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
New Model ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Definition Of

Objective: There is substantial research examining insight in psychotic disorders and in some nonpsychotic disorders. However, there has been little attention given to many nonpsychotic disorders. Research on insight in psychosis distinguishes between cognitive and clinical insight. In most studies examining insight in nonpsychotic disorders, definitions and assessments of insight vary significantly. The purpose of this review is to suggest a definition of insight in nonpsychotic disorders such that it can be used across different disorders. Method: We systematically review the extant literature of insight in nonpsychotic disorders and analyze the assessments used in order to determine how well they capture these two types of insight. Then, we discuss how these two constructs can provide better understanding of the phenomenology of insight in nonpsychotic disorders. Results: The systematic search resulted in 99 articles. These articles used 17 different methods of measuring insight, containing 127 questions. Results of the content analysis of items suggested that measures of insight used in nonpsychotic disorders do not distinguish between cognitive and clinical insight, but that most questions (90%) can indeed be reliably differentiated. Conclusion: We provide a multidimensional model of cognitive and clinical insight in nonpsychotic disorders, emphasizing the complexity of assessment and the importance of accurately defining insight. Such definitions have important theoretical and clinical implications, offering a better understanding of the concept of insight in nonpsychotic disorders.

scholarly journals Toward a scholarship of peace leadership

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney McIntyre Miller
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Leadership Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Leader Role

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the phenomenon of peace leadership, an emerging sub-area of leadership studies. Design/methodology/approach This literature review discusses peace leadership scholarly work specifically identified as such by its authors, and therefore does not include literature potentially viewed as informing the broader discussion of peace leadership. Findings The peace leadership specific scholarly literature discussed herein includes work on the traits, characteristics, and practices of peace leaders; peace leader role and responsibilities; and the connective and collective nature of peace leadership. Originality/value Discussion of the literature concludes a proposed definition of peace leadership and with three suggestions for ways to continue to build peace leadership scholarship including: empirical studies, theoretical and conceptual model creation, and ongoing informed discussions, and in itself contributes to the emerging conversation of peace leadership.

scholarly journals La comunicación en las revistas de salud pública de la biblioteca virtual SCIELO = Communication in public health journals of SCIELO’s virtual library

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Terrón Blanco ◽  
Flor Micaela Ramírez Leyva ◽  
Simón Vialás Fernández ◽  
Pedro Jacobetty
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Virtual Library ◽  
Communicative Acts ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Manual Review

Resumen: La comunicación deviene en un ámbito esencial para la salud pública, dado que sus actuaciones, a menudo, son puros actos comunicativos cuando no intervenciones que necesitan apoyarse en ellos para modificar o asentar comportamientos y actitudes. En la presente investigación nos preguntamos hasta qué punto las publicaciones de salud pública insertan artículos en los que la comunicación es el eje protagónico de los mismos y, de hacerlo, cuál es su tipología y con qué enfoques metodológicos Se trata de una investigación exploratoria en la que la metodología empleada es el análisis de contenido; para llevarla a cabo se realizó una revisión automática y manual de los textos que se han sometido al estudio. La muestra la componen todos los a artículos de las revistas de salud pública revistas (18) de la plataforma SCIELO entre los años 2005 y 2015 (incluidos). Del total de artículos (19.886) se escogieron aquellos que la propia plataforma caracteriza como de 'comunicación', (n=124). Entre los resultados, destacamos que sólo el 0,62% de los artículos se centran en el ámbito de la comunicación. La mayoría (n=114) son artículos originales y generalmente son estudios empíricos y predominan las investigaciones cuantitativas; en 14 artículos no se especifica metodología alguna.Palabras clave: Salud pública, SCIELO, artículos, comunicación, tipología, metodología.Abstract: Communication becomes an essential area for public health, given that its actions are often pure communicative acts when not interventions that need to rely on them to modify or settle behaviors and attitudes. In the present investigation we ask to what extent public health publications insert articles in which communication is the protagonist axis and, if so, what is their typology and methodological approaches. It is an exploratory research in which the methodology used is content analysis; to carry it out, an automatic and manual review of the texts that have been submitted to the study was carried out. The sample includes all the articles published in public health journals (18) of SCIELO’s platform between 2005 and 2015 (both included). Of the total number of articles (19.886), those characterized as ‘communication’ by the own platform were selected (n=124). Among the results, we highlight that only 0.62% of the articles focus on the field of communication. The majority (n = 114) are original articles and are generally empirical studies and quantitative research predominates; in 14 articles no methodology is specified.Keywords: Public health, SCIELO, articles, communication, typology, methodology.

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