Antiseptic Effect of Conventional Povidone–Iodine Scrub, Chlorhexidine Scrub, and Waterless Hand Rub in a Surgical Room: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Chen Tsai ◽  
Yen-Kuang Lin ◽  
Yen-Jung Huang ◽  
El-Wui Loh ◽  
Hsiao-Yun Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hand Antisepsis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical University

OBJECTIVEEffective perioperative hand antisepsis is crucial for the safety of patients and medical staff in surgical rooms. The antimicrobial effectiveness of different antiseptic methods, including conventional hand scrubs and waterless hand rubs, has not been well evaluated.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the 3 antiseptic methods among surgical staff of Taipei Medical University—Shuang Ho Hospital. For each method used, a group of 80 participants was enrolled.INTERVENTIONSurgical hand cleansing with conventional 10% povidone–iodine scrub, conventional 4% chlorhexidine scrub, or waterless hand rub (1% chlorhexidine gluconate and 61% ethyl alcohol).RESULTSColony-forming unit (CFU) counts were collected using the hand imprinting method before and after disinfection and after surgery. After surgical hand disinfection, the mean CFU counts of the conventional chlorhexidine (0.5±0.2, P<0.01) and waterless hand rub groups (1.4±0.7, P<0.05) were significantly lower than that of the conventional povidone group (4.3±1.3). No significant difference was observed in the mean CFU count among the groups after surgery. Similar results were obtained when preexisting differences before disinfection were considered in the analysis of covariance. Furthermore, multivariate regression indicated that the antiseptic method (P=.0036), but not other variables, predicted the mean CFU count.CONCLUSIONSConventional chlorhexidine scrub and waterless hand rub were superior to a conventional povidone–iodine product in bacterial inhibition. We recommend using conventional chlorhexidine scrub as a standard method for perioperative hand antisepsis. Waterless hand rub may be used if the higher cost is affordable.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:417–422

The effectiveness of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on depression of postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asieh Mehdipour ◽  
Parvin Abedi ◽  
Somayeh Ansari ◽  
Maryam Dastoorpoor
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objectives Postmenopausal women are at greater risk of depression. Depression may negatively affect the quality of life of women. An emotional freedom technique (EFT) is an evidence-based therapy combining cognitive and exposure components with acupressure. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of EFT on depression in postmenopausal women. Methods This was a randomized controlled trial in which 88 women with mild to moderate depression recruited from a menopausal clinic in Ahvaz, Iran, and randomly assigned into two groups of EFT (n=44) and control for sham therapy (n=44). Women in the EFT group received two sessions of training and asked to continue EFT for 8 weeks, one time per day. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI2) completed by women before and after the intervention. The control group received training on sham acupressure points similar to the intervention group. Data collected using a demographic and BDI2. Women requested to complete the BDI2 before and after the intervention. The independent t-test, chi-square, and ANCOVA were used to analyze data. Results The mean depression score in the intervention group reduced from 20.93 ± 4.6 to 10.96 ± 4.38 in comparison to the control group that reduced from 19.18 ± 2.79 to 17.01 ± 6.05 after intervention (p=0.001). After the 8 week intervention, the frequency of moderate depression decreased from 56.8 to 9.35% in the intervention and from 50 to 29.5% in the control group. In total, 63.4 and 34.15% in the intervention and control groups were free of depression respectively after the intervention (p<0.001). Conclusions The results of this study showed that using EFT for 8 weeks could significantly reduce the mean score of depression in postmenopausal women. Using this method in public health centers for postmenopausal women is recommended.

scholarly journals A randomized controlled trial comparing oxytocin administration before and after placental delivery in the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage in a tertiary care hospital in Bankura district of West Bengal, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1976
Author(s):  
Rahul Kirtania ◽  
Jayita Pal ◽  
Sisir Biswas ◽  
Aditi Aich
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: PPH is the prime cause of maternal mortality worldwide. The incidence of PPH can be drastically combatted by application of uterotonic in active management of third stage labour. Timing of its administration is a matter of concern. This study aimed to assess whether timing of administration of oxytocin would have any impact on incidence or mean blood loss of PPH.Methods: It was a single blinded randomized controlled trial conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bankura Sammilani Medical College for 6 months where 100 antenatal mothers admitted for normal delivery in labour room were allocated randomly in study and control group considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Incidence of PPH and mean blood loss had been identified clinically by following them for 24 hours.Results: Only 9% of study population had experienced PPH. There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of PPH with difference in timing of administration of oxytocin (p >0.05). But there was statistically significant decrease in mean blood loss if oxytocin was administered before the placental delivery. The mean blood loss with oxytocin administered before placental delivery was 296.8 ml (102.45) and after placental delivery was 452.0 (128.87) ml respectively.Conclusions: Policy makers should keep in mind not only the incidence of PPH, but the mean blood loss amount too in a setting where anaemia in pregnancy is quite prevalent.

scholarly journals 10% povidone-iodine versus 2% chlorhexidine gluconate for Periurethral cleansing before catheterization among hospitalized patients: A randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
elham vahabi ◽  
somayeh ghafari ◽  
somayeh haghighat
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Specimens

Abstract Background There are evidences that periurethral cleaning by antiseptics before catheterization decreases the risk of urinary tract infections. The purpose of this study was to Comparing 10% povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) effectiveness in periurethral cleaning before catheterization on bacteriuria and pyuria in hospitalized patients. Methods A randomized controlled trial was used, and subjects were randomly allocated to either the 10% povidone -iodine group or the 2% chlorhexidine gluconate group. Urine specimens for culture and Analyse were collected 3 times for each subject within 5 days. Results Overall, 216 urine samples were collected in 72 subjects .There were no significant difference in results of bacteriuria of two groups immediately, 72 hrs. and 5 days after catheterization (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between two groups regarding positive pyuria immediately after sampling (p>0.05). Although its amount was significantly higher 72 hrs and 5days after catheterization in 10% povidone-iodine group than 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (p<0.05). In order to evaluate average of micro-organism in different time intervals between two groups Mann– Whitney test was used. This test showed that there was no significant difference of number of time intervals (p>0.05). Conclusions The results of this study showed that using 2% chlorhexidine gluconate reduced the amount of bacteriuria in catheterazied patients compared to 10% povidone-iodine. However this difference was not significant. Therefore doing more studies with more number of samples in this field is suggested. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered. IRCT20170712035044N2 Key words: 10% povidone-iodine- 2% chlorhexidine gluconate - Bacteriuria- Periurethral cleansing

scholarly journals Effect of Play Therapy on Social Development: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Malihe Masoudifard ◽  
Zohreh Mahmoodi ◽  
Azam Bagheri ◽  
Mahrokh Dolatian ◽  
Kourosh Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comprehensive Health ◽  
The Mean

Background: The early years of life are vital and sensitive for the growth and development of a child. This aimed to examine the effect of play therapy on the social development and maturity of infants aged from 12 to 24 months. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial conducted on 76 eligible infants aged from 12 to 24 months referred to comprehensive health centers in Kashan city during 2017-2018. Infants who had inclusion criteria were included in the study and then randomly assigned to the two groups of intervention and control. Before the intervention and the end of the counseling sessions, Vineland Social Maturity Test Toolkit for Children in the both groups was completed and the data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: There was no significant differences between the two groups regarding the social development score before the intervention (p >0.001). There was a significant difference between the mean score of social development in the two groups after the intervention, in which the mean of the total score and each area of social development increased significantly (P <0.001). Conclusion: Considering the importance of the early years of life in the development of infants and findings of the present study, it can be said that the advisory of play therapy for improving the development of a infants can be very helpful.

Comparative effects of suture and non-suture surgical techniques on platysma after Thyroid surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1661-1664
Author(s):  
Hafiz Ali Wasay ◽  
Muhammad Aamir Jameel ◽  
Muhammad Imran Anwar ◽  
HaroonJavaid Majid ◽  
Sameen Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Platysma Muscle ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Thyroidectomy is a routine general surgical procedure and pain after thyroidectomy is responsible for prolongation of hospital stay and increased risk of respiratory complications. Platysma is routinely sutured at the end of thyroidectomy before wound closure. This randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the outcome of suturing platysma muscle versus not suturing in thyroid surgery patients. Aim: To compare the outcome of suturing platysma muscle versus not suturing in thyroid surgery patients. Place and duration of study: Dept. of Surgery at Sh. Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 26-12-2019 to 25-06-2020. Methodology: It is a randomized controlled trial study which consists of 92 patients, between 18 to 70 years of age in both gender and planned for thyroidectomy for nodular thyroid enlargement. Patients were randomly allocated into two treatment groups. After excision of thyroid, platysma was sutured as per conventional practice in one group while in the other group platysma was not sutured. For pain assessment Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to 24 hours after surgery. Results: The mean age was 36.4±13.4 years. The mean VAS score for post-operative pain measured 24 hours after the surgery was significantly lower in patients undergoing thyroidectomy without platysmal suture as compared to those with conventional suturing of platysma during thyroidectomy (2.37±0.97 vs. 3.67±1.28; p <0.001). Similar significant difference was also noted between groups and subgroups which based on patient’s age, gender, BMI and educational status. Conclusion: Avoiding the suturing of platysma significantly reduced the post-operative pain which advocates a change in current practice and encourages non-suturing of platysma to decrease the morbidity of patients in post-operative period. Keywords: Thyroidectomy, Platysma, Suture, No Suture, Pain

scholarly journals Effects of a novel dye containing toothpaste versus regular fluoridated toothpaste for supragingival biofilm reduction in patients with chronic gingivitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avita Rath ◽  
Chong Junning ◽  
Priyadarshini HR ◽  
Brandon Nicholas Teo ◽  
Naik Hsian Zhen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
The Mean

AIM:To compare the effects of a plaque disclosing toothpaste with a regular fluoridated toothpaste for supragingival biofilm reduction in patients with chronic gingivitis.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This study was a randomized controlled trial with a parallel design. Forty patients, both males and females aged 18-25 years with chronic generalized gingivitis (N=40) were randomly allocated to two groups of twenty each (n=20), using lottery method. Participants in the experimental group brushed with a plaque disclosing toothpaste, while participants in the control group brushed with regular fluoridated toothpaste. Clinically, biofilm was measured using Silness & Loe Plaque Index, both at baseline and at follow up visits by two assessors who were blinded to group allocation. Adjunctly, intraoral photographs were taken for Digital Plaque Image Analysis of the remaining dental biofilm in the upper and lower anterior labial tooth surfaces, and calculated based on the area of stained pixels. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Mean plaque scores between the groups were compared using independent sample t-test and p<0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS:Data of all the 40 participants were analyzed as they were no drop outs. No significant differences were found in the mean plaque scores between the two groups (p=0.059) at the end of the study. Similarly, Digital Plaque Image Analysis showed no significant difference in the mean plaque scores between the groups (p= 0.93).CONCLUSION:This study showed that there are no additional benefits of using a plaque disclosing toothpaste, in enhancing the removal of the supragingival dental biofilm during routine oral hygiene maintenance.   

scholarly journals Comparative outcomes of foot cast and short leg cast in pseudo-Jones avulsion fracture: a single blinded randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peerapong Piyapittayanun ◽  
Kanakij Mutthakalin ◽  
Alisara Arirachakaran ◽  
Jatupon Kongtharvonskul
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Metatarsal Bones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metatarsal Fractures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Foot Fractures ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background Fractures of the metatarsal bones account for 35% of all foot fractures. Conservative management of fractures proximal to the metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction of the fifth metatarsal bone (pseudo-Jones) is by protected weight bearing. The methods of protected weight bearing include short-leg casting and splinting (boot cast, Jones’s bandage and elastic bandage). However, currently there is no consensus as to which method is the most suitable. Method We have conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare outcomes of foot casting (FC) and short leg casting (SLC) to assess pain, function and complication outcomes for the treatment of pseudo-jones metatarsal fractures. This single-center, single blind,randomized controlled trial was conducted between 1 June 2016–1 July 2018 at Police General Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Result A total of 72 pseudo-jones metatarsal fracture participants were randomly allocated to treatment by foot cast or short leg cast. The primary outcomes were pain VAS, AOFAS and complications measured at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after receiving the treatment. Seventy-two patients (36 paticipants per group) were enrolled to receive either FC or SLC. The mean VAS measured at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks and 8 weeks were 7.36, 1.97, 0.58, 0.17 and 0.08 respectively in the FC group; and 6.09, 2.91, 1.23, 0.37 and 0.11 respectively in the SLC group. The mean AOFAS at baseline, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks were 33.60, 68.22, 82.72, 91.75 and 98.11 respectively in the FC group; and 32.60, 60.20, 70.20, 92.24 and 99.13 in the SLC group. The estimated mean difference of pain VAS and AOFAS at 2 weeks and 4 weeks were − 0.94 (95% CI: − 1.53, − 0.34), − 0.65 (95%CI: − 1.24, − 0.05), 8.02 (95%CI: 3.74, 12.10) and 12.52 (95%CI: 8.27, 16.78), which were statistically significantly better in the FC groups when compared to the SLC groups. However, there were no statistically significant difference between the two groups at 6 and 8 weeks. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the application of foot casting can improve pain VAS and AOFAS function at 2 and 4 weeks in the treatment of pseudo-jones metatarsal fractures when compared to short leg casting. However, at 6 and 8 weeks, there were no statistically significantly different between the two groups.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Combined Herbal Capsule on Sexual Function in Postmenopausal Women: A Triple-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
Paria Eliasvandi ◽  
Laleh Khodaie ◽  
Sakineh Mohammad Alizadeh Charandabi ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Objectives: Considering the prevalence of sexual problems in postmenopausal women as well as complications of hormone therapy, the tendency to use complementary medicine has increased. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of combined herbal drug on the sexual function of postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: The present triple-blinded randomized controlled trial was done on 64 Iranian women in 2017. The women were randomly allocated to 2 groups of intervention (combined herbal capsules users) and control (placebo users). Herbal capsules contained carnation, Anise, Anison, violets, Terminalia chebula, fresh green raisins, Senna leaves, Tangerine and Golqand. Participants in both groups took 2 capsules twice a day (before lunch and before dinner) for 4 weeks. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was filled out before the intervention and 4 weeks after the intervention. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the study groups in terms of socio-demographic properties, the total mean score of sexual function and its sub-domains before the intervention. Four weeks after the intervention, the total mean (SD) sexual function score was 26.99 (5.31) in the combined herbal capsule group and it was 18.35 (4.51) in the placebo group, so it was significantly higher in the combined herbal capsule group compared to the placebo group (adjusted mean difference=8.70; 95% CI=6.58-10.82). Moreover, there was a significant difference in the mean score of desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain subscales between study groups after the intervention. Conclusions: The results of the study show that taking combined herbal capsules improved sexual function in postmenopausal women. However, further studies are necessary to decide on its use as an alternative medication for the improvement of sexual function.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of the robotic game kit on anxiety among hospitalized preschool children: A non-randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Pourteimour ◽  
Sahar Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background & Aim: Hospitalization is a challenging experience all children go through in their lives, leading to their utmost anxiety. In this sense, interactive games and activities can help ease this psychological burden. Therefore, we endeavored to determine the effectiveness of a robotic game kit (RGK) on the anxiety of hospitalized preschoolers. Methods & Materials: This non-randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in a pediatric hospital, Iran, between March and July 2019. 59 participants were assigned to intervention (n=30) or control (n=29) groups through available sampling. Inclusion criteria were Iranian native children aged 3-7 years with communication ability. The RGK was applied in eight sessions at least seven consecutive days of hospitalization. The collected data by using the demographic information form and the preschool anxiety scale (PAS) were analyzed in descriptive, chi-square, t-test, the one-way ANCOVA (analysis of covariance), and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: Two groups were homogenous in terms of demographic variables (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean score of PAS before the intervention in the intervention 46.33±15.81 and control groups 37.24±19.65 (p=0.055). However, the mean score of PAS in the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group (P=0.030). Also, using the RGK was effective in two subscales related to separation anxiety and physical injury fears (P=0.034). Conclusion: The modern RGKs could have a significant place in pediatric health care in hospitals. It is thus an undeniable fact that high-quality, comprehensive care can be boosted through RGK based interventions for children encountering stressful situations.

scholarly journals The effect of the emotion regulation training on the resilience of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: a parallel randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Behrouian ◽  
Tahereh Ramezani ◽  
Mahlagha Dehghan ◽  
Abdoreza Sabahi ◽  
Batool Ebrahimnejad Zarandi
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is the most severe mental chronic disabling disease that the majority of the patients need constant care in a variety of aspects. Regarding the role of family caregivers in taking care of these patients, caregivers need to be resilient, in addition to other psychological traits, to adapt to the circumstance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the emotion regulation training on the resilience of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in southeastern Iran. Methods The study was a parallel randomized controlled trial. Seventy caregivers of patients with schizophrenia were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to an emotion regulation training group and a control group. The intervention group received eight 90-min training sessions (one session weekly) about emotion regulation. The participants completed the Conner–Davidson resilience scale before and one month after the intervention. Results The mean scores of the resilience increased in the control and intervention groups at the end of the study. A significant difference was found between the two groups (p < 0.001). At the beginning of the study, the mean score of the resilience was 59.94 in the control group and 51.97 in the intervention group. However, the mean score of the resilience in the control group was 61.28 after the intervention, which was not significant, but it was 69.08 in the intervention group, which was significant. A significant difference was observed between two groups in the mean scores (p = 0.01). Conclusions According to the results of this study, cognitive and metacognitive skills of emotion regulation can be suggested as one of the methods for increasing the psychological well-being of schizophrenia patients’ caregivers. The increase of mental well-being and resilience of caregivers can help them better manage a patient with schizophrenia. Trial registration IRCT registration number: IRCT2017061733997N2, Registration date: 2017-08-16, 1396/05/25, Registration timing: prospective, https://en.irct.ir/trial/26116

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