Multidrug ResistantAcinetobacter baumanii: A 15-Year Trend Analysis

From 2000 to 2009, rates of multidrug-resistantAcinetobacter baumaniiincreased 10-fold to 0.2 per 1,000 patient days. From 2010 to 2015, however, rates markedly declined and have stayed below 0.05 per 1,000 patient days. Herein, we present a 15-year trend analysis and discuss interventions that may have led to the decline.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2018;39:608–611

Download Full-text

Surgical Site Infections - A Hospital Havoc: Retrospective Study of Surgical Site Infections in Tertiary Health Care Centre in North East India

International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science ◽

10.23958/ijirms/vol03-i01/09 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

Author(s):

V Singh ◽

A B Khyriem, W V Lyngdoh ◽

C J Lyngdoh

Keyword(s):

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Multiple Drug Resistance ◽

Surgical Site Infections ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Site Infection ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽

Health Care Centre ◽

North East

Objectives - Surgical site infections (SSI) has turn out to be a major problem even in hospital with most modern facilities and standard protocols of pre -operative preparation and antibiotic prophylaxis. Objective of this study is to know the prevalence of surgical site infection among the postoperative patients and to identify the relationship between SSI and etiological pathogens along with their antimicrobial susceptibility at North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong. Methods - A retrospective case study conducted at NEIGRIHMS, among patients admitted to the surgical departments during the period between January 1st and December 31st 2016. Swabs from the surgical sites were collected under sterile conditions and standard bacteriological tests were performed for identification and appropriate statistical methods were employed to look for association between SSI and etiological pathogens. Results - Out of the 1284 samples included in the study, 192 samples showed evidence of SSI yielding an infection rate of 14.9%. The most commonly isolated bacteria were: Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumanii and Staphylococcus aureus, of the gram negative isolates 6.2% were multidrug resistant of which 19% were carbapenem resistant. Conclusion - SSI with multiple drug resistance strains and polymicrobial etiology reflects therapeutic failure. The outcome of the SSI surveillance in our hospital revealed that in order to decrease the incidence of SSI we would have to: a) incorporate a proper antibiotic stewardship b) conduct periodic surveillance to keep a check on SSI d) educate medical staffs regarding the prevention of surgical site infection.

Download Full-text

Antimicrobial Activity of Cyclic-Monomeric and Dimeric Derivatives of the Snail-Derived Peptide Cm-p5 against Viral and Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Strains

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11050745 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 745

Author(s):

Melaine González-García ◽

Fidel Morales-Vicente ◽

Erbio Díaz Pico ◽

Hilda Garay ◽

Daniel G. Rivera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽

Concentration Dependent Manner ◽

Conventional Antibiotics

Cm-p5 is a snail-derived antimicrobial peptide, which demonstrated antifungal activity against the pathogenic strains of Candida albicans. Previously we synthetized a cyclic monomer as well as a parallel and an antiparallel dimer of Cm-p5 with improved antifungal activity. Considering the alarming increase of microbial resistance to conventional antibiotics, here we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of these derivatives against multiresistant and problematic bacteria and against important viral agents. The three peptides showed a moderate activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL), and Streptococcus agalactiae, with MIC values > 100 µg/mL. They exerted a considerable activity with MIC values between 25–50 µg/mL against Acinetobacter baumanii and Enterococcus faecium. In addition, the two dimers showed a moderate activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14. The three Cm-p5 derivatives inhibited a virulent extracellular strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, they inhibited Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV-2) infection in a concentration-dependent manner, but had no effect on infection by the Zika Virus (ZIKV) or pseudoparticles of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). At concentrations of >100 µg/mL, the three new Cm-p5 derivatives showed toxicity on different eukaryotic cells tested. Considering a certain cell toxicity but a potential interesting activity against the multiresistant strains of bacteria and HSV-2, our compounds require future structural optimization.

Download Full-text

Synergy testing of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumanii against tigecycline and polymyxin using an E-test methodology

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1007/s10096-007-0330-4 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 26 (7) ◽

pp. 521-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M. Sands ◽

Y. McCarter ◽

W. Sanchez

Keyword(s):

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽

Test Methodology ◽

Synergy Testing

Download Full-text

Differences in Hospital-Associated Multidrug-Resistant Organisms and Clostridium difficile Rates Using 2-Day versus 3-Day Definitions

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1086/678423 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (11) ◽

pp. 1417-1420 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adrijana Gombosev ◽

Salah E. Fouad ◽

Eric Cui ◽

Chenghua Cao ◽

Leah Terpstra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Clostridium Difficile ◽

Infection Prevention ◽

Prevention Programs ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Infect Control Hosp ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽

Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽

Vancomycin Resistant

We surveyed infection prevention programs in 16 hospitals for hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci, extended-spectrum β-lactamase, and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter acquisition, as well as hospital-associated MRSA bacteremia and Clostridium difficile infection based on defining events as occurring >2 days versus >3 days after admission. The former resulted in significantly higher median rates, ranging from 6.76% to 45.07% higherInfect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(11):1417–1420

Download Full-text