Developing minimal-input techniques for invasive plant management: perimeter treatments enlarge native grass patches

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Scott R. Abella ◽  
Lindsay P. Chiquoine ◽  
Jeremy M. Moss ◽  
Eric D. Lassance ◽  
Charles D. Schelz
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Native Grasses ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Invasive Plant Management ◽  
Wide Ring

AbstractThere is a continual need for invasive plant science to develop approaches for cost-effectively benefiting native over nonnative species in dynamic management and biophysical contexts, including within predominantly nonnative plant landscapes containing only small patches of native plants. Our objective was to test the effectiveness of a minimal-input strategy for enlarging native species patches within a nonnative plant matrix. In Pecos National Historical Park, New Mexico, USA, we identified 40 native perennial grass patches within a matrix of the nonnative annual forb kochia [Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott]. We mechanically cut B. scoparia in a 2-m-wide ring surrounding the perimeters of half the native grass patches (with the other half as uncut controls) and measured change in native grass patch size (relative to pretreatment) for 3 yr. Native grass patches around which B. scoparia was cut grew quickly the first posttreatment year and by the third year had increased in size four times more than control patches. Treated native grass patches expanded by an average of 25 m2, from 4 m2 in October 2015 before treatment to 29 m2 in October 2018. The experiment occurred during a dry period, conditions that should favor B. scoparia and contraction of the native grasses, suggesting that the observed increase in native grasses occurred despite suboptimal climatic conditions. Strategically treating around native patches to enlarge them over time showed promise as a minimal-input technique for increasing the proportion of the landscape dominated by native plants.

scholarly journals Invasive Plants with Native Lookalikes: How Mistaken Identities Can Lead to More Significant Plant Invasions and Delay Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
S. Christopher Marble ◽  
Stephen H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Invasive Plant Management

Plant invasions pose a serious threat to biodiversity, agricultural production, and land value throughout the world. Due to Florida’s unique climate, population expansion, expansive coastline, and number of seaports, the state is especially vulnerable to non-native plant naturalization and spread. Invasive plant management programs were shown to have higher success rates with fewer resources when invasives were managed soon after non-native plants were observed. However, some newly emerging invasive plants may go undetected due to their resemblance with native species or other invasive plants. The objective of this review is to highlight a few key invasive plants in Florida that have native lookalikes. While morphological differences are discussed, the primary goal is to discuss management implications of misidentification and delayed response times, as well as the need for plant identification guides that include information on how to distinguish problematic invasive plants from similar native species.

scholarly journals A Path Forward: Promoting Microbial-Based Methods in the Control of Invasive Plant Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 943
Author(s):  
Maryam Shahrtash ◽  
Shawn P. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant Management ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Microbe Interactions

In this review, we discuss the unrealized potential of incorporating plant–microbe and microbe–microbe interactions into invasive plant management strategies. While the development of this as a viable strategy is in its infancy, we argue that incorporation of microbial components into management plans should be a priority and has great potential for diversifying sustainable control options. We advocate for increased research into microbial-mediated phytochemical production, microbial controls to reduce the competitiveness of invasive plants, microbial-mediated increases of herbicidal tolerance of native plants, and to facilitate increased pathogenicity of plant pathogens of invasive plants.

Eradicating Bodies in Invasive Plant Management

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Atchison ◽  
Lesley Head
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Invasive Plant Management

Influence of Neighboring Vegetation Height on Seed Dispersal: Implications for Invasive Plant Management

Weed Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk W. Davies ◽  
Roger L. Sheley
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Invasive Plant Management ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Vegetation Height

Controlling invasive plant infestations is very costly and often unsuccessful. Preventing invasions is more cost-effective than controlling invasive plants after they are established. Because prevention guidelines do not suggest any tools or methods to limit wind dispersal of invasive plant seeds, we investigated the influence of neighboring vegetation height on seed dispersal of a wind-dispersed (yellow salsify) and nonwind-dispersed (medusahead) species. To examine the influence of neighboring vegetation height on dispersal, seeds of both species were released in front of an artificial stand of desert wheatgrass in a modified wind tunnel. Treatments were a complete factorial design with two species, four vegetation heights (10, 30, 40, and 60 cm), three wind speeds (3, 5.5, and 10 km h−1), and three release distances from the neighboring vegetation (0, 15, and 30 cm). The ability of medusahead and yellow salsify seeds to disperse was influenced by the height of neighboring vegetation. Increasing height of neighboring vegetation decreased the number of yellow salsify seeds dispersing across neighboring vegetation. The greatest percentage of medusahead seeds dispersed across the neighboring vegetation was at the shortest height. Based on these results, we suggest that maintaining or promoting tall vegetation neighboring invasive plant infestations may reduce wind dispersal of seeds. More research is needed to investigate the influence of varying heights, densities, structural attributes, and composition of vegetation neighboring infestations and the dispersal of invasive plants.

scholarly journals Ecologically Based Invasive Plant Management: Step by Step

Rangelands ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger L. Sheley ◽  
Brenda S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Invasive Plant Management

Introduced and native grass-derived smoke effects on Cymbopogon obtectus germination

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Williams ◽  
Eleanor M. Collins ◽  
Mick Blackman ◽  
Clare Blackman ◽  
Jackie McLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
First Record ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Buffel Grass ◽  
Lemon Grass ◽  
Germination Cues

Introduced grasses, such as buffel, alter the dynamics of grassy ecosystems by replacing native species and influencing recruitment. Several different smoke-derived chemicals are separately responsible for the promotion and inhibition of germination of various plant species. We tested whether smoke derived from the introduced buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) produced the same density of germination as provided by smoke derived from a native spinifex grass (Triodia brizoides). Smoke from both spinifex and buffel grass significantly enhanced the germination of a native lemon grass (Cymbopogon obtectus) in comparison to untreated seed, reflecting the significant role of fire in woodlands across northern Australia. This is the first record of smoke-promoted germination in a species of Cymbopogon. However, smoke from the exotic buffel grass provided the same level of germination as that from the native spinifex, suggesting similarity in smoke chemicals involved. Further research is required to test the effect of buffel smoke on the germination of other species and whether exotics such as buffel grass provide the same temperature profile in the topsoil as does spinifex, and therefore equivalent germination cues to heat-shock responsive native plants.

scholarly journals Resprouting potential of rhizome fragments from invasive macrophyte reveals superior colonization ability of the diploid congener

AoB Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda J Grewell ◽  
Caryn J Futrell ◽  
Maria T Iannucci ◽  
Rebecca E Drenovsky
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Invasive Plant Management ◽  
Aquatic Mesocosms ◽  
Colonization Ability

Abstract Non-native aquatic Ludwigia species from a polyploid complex are among the world’s most problematic invasive plants. These emergent, floating-leaved species respond to disturbance through fragmentation of shoots and/or rhizomes, spreading rapidly by hydrochorous dispersal and posing challenges for invasive plant management. While recruitment of clonal aquatic plant species from shoot fragmentation is well documented, regeneration from rhizome bud banks, although common, often is overlooked. It is further unclear how interactions among ploidy and resource availability influence regeneration success of rhizome fragments. We conducted a full factorial experiment in aquatic mesocosms to compare trait responses of Ludwigia congeners differing in ploidy (diploid, decaploid) grown from clonal rhizome fragments under contrasting soil nutrient availability (low, high). Similar to previous work with shoot fragments, the diploid congener had a higher relative growth rate and produced more biomass than the decaploid during this establishment stage of growth. High growth rates and biomass production were associated with greater rhizome N and P and reduced investment in belowground structures. Comparing these results to previous shoot fragment studies with Ludwigia, rhizome fragments appear to have much greater growth potential, suggesting that management strategies should minimize disturbance to prevent fragmentation and dispersal of belowground structures. Furthermore, rapid response to newly colonizing diploid invaders will be essential to minimizing spread, and reductions in nutrient loads to aquatic environments may be more effective toward controlling establishment of the diploid congener than the decaploid.

Experiences with invasive plant management and ecology in Alberta

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Cole ◽  
J. R. King ◽  
D. A. Oyarzun ◽  
T. H. Dietzler ◽  
A. S. McClay
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant Management ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
Silene Pratensis

A number of invasive plant management strategies, including competition, fertilizer, herbicide, combination of fertilizer and herbicide, biological control, mowing, grazing management, prevention, eradication and education have been investigated and employed in Alberta. The integrated weed management (IWM) strategies are overlapping, interconnected and based on ecological principles. Research on several invasive plant species, including ox-eye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.), scentless chamomile [Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Laínz] and white cockle [Silene pratensis (Raf.) Godr. & Gren.] has provided ecological information showing the importance of maintaining healthy, competitive plant communities. Key words: Invasive plants, management, ox-eye daisy, competition, Alberta

scholarly journals Constructing Standard Invasion Curves from Herbarium Data—Toward Increased Predictability of Plant Invasions

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro M. Antunes ◽  
Brandon Schamp
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Nonnative Species ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Invasive Plant Management ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Herbarium Data

Prevention, early detection, rapid response, and prioritization are essential components of effective and cost-efficient invasive plant management. However, successfully implementing these strategies requires the ability to accurately predict the temporal and spatial dynamics of newly/recently detected nonnative species. Why some nonnative species become invasive and the source of variation in lag time between arrival and the onset of invasive expansion are poorly understood. One tool to fill these knowledge gaps is the “invasion curve,” which tracks nonnative species abundance (i.e., area invaded) over time after arrival in a new area. Since invasive species curves rely primarily on records from herbarium collections, we propose that these collections can be used as a springboard to develop a standardized approach to building invasion curves. This would allow researchers to compare the trajectories of nonnative species, improving risk assessment and our ability to recognize potential invasive species and factors contributing to both invasibility and invasiveness. While there have been admirable efforts to produce invasion curves, several barriers exist to their reliable production and standardization. In this paper, we explore the challenges related to the efficient production of these curves for plants using herbarium data and suggest ways in which progress could occur. It is our hope that this will better position herbaria and researchers to aid natural resource managers to prioritize needs, make effective management decisions, and develop targeted prevention and monitoring programs by taking advantage of lag times to implement timely responses.

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