scholarly journals Unsteady deformations of a free liquid surface caused by radiation pressure

2011 ◽  
Vol 682 ◽  
pp. 460-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. ISSENMANN ◽  
R. WUNENBURGER ◽  
H. CHRAIBI ◽  
M. GANDIL ◽  
J.-P. DELVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Radiation Pressure ◽  
Liquid Surface ◽  
Acoustic Pulse ◽  
Free Liquid Surface ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Surface Dynamics ◽  
Fluid Interface ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
Strongly Damped

We present an analytical model of the time-dependent, small-amplitude deformation of a free liquid surface caused by a spatially localized, axisymmetric, pulsed or continuous, acoustic or electromagnetic radiation pressure exerted on the surface. By exactly solving the unsteady Stokes equation, we predict the surface dynamics in all dynamic regimes, namely inertial, intermediate and strongly damped regimes. We demonstrate the validity of this model in all dynamic regimes by comparing its prediction to experiments consisting of optically measuring the time-dependent curvature of the tip of a hump created at a liquid surface by the radiation pressure of an acoustic pulse. Finally, we present a numerical scheme simulating the behaviour of a fluid–fluid interface subjected to a time-dependent radiation pressure and show its accuracy by comparing the numerical predictions with the analytical model in the intermediate and strongly damped regimes.

Radiation Pressure on a Free Liquid Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ashkin ◽  
J. M. Dziedzic
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Pressure ◽  
Liquid Surface ◽  
Free Liquid Surface

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Tensile and Bending Behaviour of CFRP Cables

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 643-650
Author(s):  
Eduardo Antonio Wink de Menezes ◽  
Laís Vasconcelos da Silva ◽  
Carlos Alberto Cimini Junior ◽  
Felipe Ferreira Luz ◽  
Sandro Campos Amico
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Small Radius ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
Bending Behaviour

Due to their high fatigue life, specific strength and specific stiffness in comparison with steel, carbon-fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) cables have attracted the infrastructure industry interest in recent years, primarily for use as structural tendons. Particularly the oil and gas industry showed interest for application in offshore platform anchorage systems, because of their exceptional corrosion and creep/relaxation behaviour. In such applications, the cables need to be tensioned in service and to be bent around relatively small-diameter spools for transportation and maintenance. Therefore, their tensile and bending behaviour is a subject of great concern. The aim of this work was to perform a test program on 1 × 19 CFRP cables in two different situations: tensile loading and four-point bending loading. Finite element models were developed to simulate both conditions, including frictional contact between the cable wires. A simplified analytical model was also used to predict the cable behaviour in tension. Numerical predictions were compared to experimental data showing relatively good accuracy, unlike the verified analytical model. CFRP cables presented outstanding tensile behaviour, but bending over small radius spools could not reach the performance of steel wire ropes. Furthermore, simulation could only fairly predict bending below strains of μ1,000 μe for the external rods, beyond which the cable presented highly non-linear behaviour that could not be simulated by the numerical model.

Pressuremeter Testing of Normally Consolidated Clays—The Effects of Varying Test Technique

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
W. F. Anderson ◽  
I. C. Pyrah ◽  
F. Haji-Ali
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Shear Creep ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
Pressuremeter Test ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
Cylindrical Cavities ◽  
Undrained Conditions ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractAlthough BS 5930:1981 describes both Menard and self-boring pressuremeter tests, little guidance is given on test methods. A number of techniques, both stress controlled and strain controlled, have been used and it has been shown that for clays the test technique has a significant influence on the derived strength and modulus parameters.When a pressuremeter test is carried out in a clay, it is assumed that shearing occurs under undrained conditions. However, in addition to immediate shear strain, some creep and local consolidation will occur in the soil around the expanding borehole. These two phenomena are time-dependent and variations in test technique will affect the test data and hence the derived strength and modulus values.To obtain a better understanding of these effects, pressuremeter tests have been studied both experimentally and numerically. Experimentally, pressuremeter tests have been simulated by expanding cylindrical cavities in samples of three clays prepared with known stress history and the results compared with numerical predictions where the effects of immediate shear, creep and consolidation can be separated. The experimental results compare well with the numerical predictions.This has given a new insight into the behaviour of clay soils during pressuremeter tests. The results indicate that any simple standardization of pressuremeter test technique should be approached with caution.

Structure at the free liquid surface

1981 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 278-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Osborn ◽  
Clive A. Croxton
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Surface ◽  
Free Liquid Surface

Experimental Study of Laser-Generated Cavitation Bubble Motion Near a Free Liquid Surface

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 0714003
Author(s):  
刘涛 Liu Tao ◽  
王江安 Wang Jiang′an ◽  
宗思光 Zong Siguang ◽  
梁善永 Liang Shanyong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cavitation Bubble ◽  
Liquid Surface ◽  
Free Liquid Surface ◽  
Bubble Motion

Transient Internal Forced Convection Under Arbitrary Time-Dependent Heat Flux

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fakoor-Pakdaman ◽  
M. Andisheh-Tadbir ◽  
Majid Bahrami
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Nusselt Number ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Bulk Temperature ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Flux Boundary Condition ◽  
Arbitrary Time

A new all-time model is developed to predict transient laminar forced convection heat transfer inside a circular tube under arbitrary time-dependent heat flux. Slug flow condition is assumed for the velocity profile inside the tube. The solution to the time-dependent energy equation for a step heat flux boundary condition is generalized for arbitrary time variations in surface heat flux using a Duhamel’s integral technique. A cyclic time-dependent heat flux is considered and new compact closed-form relationships are proposed to predict: i) fluid temperature distribution inside the tube ii) fluid bulk temperature and iii) the Nusselt number. A new definition, cyclic fully-developed Nusselt number, is introduced and it is shown that in the thermally fully-developed region the Nusselt number is not a function of axial location, but it varies with time and the angular frequency of the imposed heat flux. Optimum conditions are found which maximize the heat transfer rate of the unsteady laminar forced-convective tube flow. We also performed an independent numerical simulation using ANSYS to validate the present analytical model. The comparison between the numerical and the present analytical model shows great agreement; a maximum relative difference less than 5.3%.

Study on the Predictive Evaluation Method of Load Acting on the Roof and Internal Components of Cylindrical Tanks by Nonlinear Sloshing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Morita ◽  
Tomoshige Takata ◽  
Hideki Madokoro ◽  
Hiromi Sago ◽  
Shinobu Yokoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Liquid Surface ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Free Liquid Surface ◽  
Past Study ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Nonlinear Sloshing ◽  
Cylindrical Tanks

Abstract When cylindrical tanks installed in the ground, such as oil tanks and liquid storage tanks, receive strong seismic waves, including the long-period component, motion of the free liquid surface inside the tank called sloshing may occur. If high-amplitude sloshing occurs and the waves collide with the tank roof, it may lead to accidents such as damage of the tank roof or outflow of internal liquid of the Tank. Therefore, it is important to predict the wave height of sloshing generated by earthquake motions. Sloshing is a type of vibration of free liquid surface, and if the sloshing wave height is small, it can be approximated with a linear vibration model. In this case, the velocity-response-spectrum method using velocity potential can estimate the sloshing wave height under earthquake motions. However, if the sloshing wave height increases, the sloshing becomes nonlinear, and necessary to evaluate the wave height using other methods such as numerical analysis. Design earthquake magnitude levels in Japan tend to increase in recent years, long-period components of earthquake wave which act on the sloshing wave height also increase instead of introducing seismic isolation mechanisms. To evaluate load acting on the internal components of cylindrical tanks by nonlinear sloshing, there are few applications which quantitatively evaluated the crest impact load of nonlinear sloshing. In order to evaluate the load acting on the internal components of cylindrical tanks, the range of applicability of the fluid flow analysis method which validated the analysis accuracy of impact load acting on the roof in a simple cylindrical tank in the past study (PVP2019-93442) is extended to cylindrical tanks with internal components.

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