Topography and Surface Roughness of Floor in Groove Micro Milling

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kouravand ◽  
B. M. Imani ◽  
J. Ni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Micro Parts ◽  
Finishing Processes

AbstractMicro milling operation is a fabrication process to create 3D parts from tens of micrometers to a few millimeters in size using a tool with diameter less than 1mm. Micro groove is one of the common features observed in the micro parts. The surface roughness of micro grooves plays an important role in their performance. Since most of the finishing processes could not be easily performed on the micro grooves, it is of extreme importance to find a relationship between micro milling parameters and the surface roughness profile. In this paper, in order to anticipate the profile and surface roughness of the groove floor a model is proposed based on the kinematic of cutting process and tool geometry. The effects of minimum chip thickness, elastic recovery, size effect and tool deflection are included in the model. Relationship between position of points on the floor surface of groove and kinematics of cutting process are derived. In next step, simulations of proposed model are performed in the ACIS environment. Finally, using the DOE method surface roughness is investigated stochastically. The simulated and measured surface roughnesses are compared together that confirm the validity of proposed model.

Simulation Research on Micro-Milling Process Based on ABAQUS

2014 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Lin Hong Xu ◽  
Shu Lei Chen ◽  
Bo Lei ◽  
Xiao Shuang Rao
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Micro Fabrication ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Mechanical Parts ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Manufacture Industry

With the more and more micro mechanical parts are coming into the use of many fields, the micro machining is becoming a new tendency in the future manufacture industry. As a kind of common machining method, milling is also favor in the micro-fabrication field since its good machining precision and forming ability. In this work, cutting process simulation of micro-milling was done to analyze the influence of machining data and tool geometry on the cutting process such as temperature and stress distribution during machining by using ABAQUS software. The results from this simulation can provide some useful information for choosing reasonable cutting edge and machining data to improve surface integrity and prolong cutting tool life in micro-milling operation.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Minimum Undeformed Chip Thickness Based on Effective Rake Angle in Micro Milling

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 924
Author(s):  
Xian Wu ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Mingyang Du ◽  
Jianyun Shen ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Averaging Method ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Undeformed Chip Thickness ◽  
Effective Rake Angle ◽  
Force Signal ◽  
Micro Parts ◽  
Tool Cutting

Micro milling is widely used to manufacture micro parts due to its obvious advantages. The minimum undeformed chip thickness, the effective rake angle, and size effect are the typical characteristics and closely related to each other in micro milling. In this paper, the averaging method is proposed to quantitatively estimate the effective rake angle in the cutting process. The minimum undeformed chip thickness is explained based on the effective rake angle and determined to be 0.17 rn (tool cutting edge radius). Then, micro milling experiment was conducted to study the effect of the minimum undeformed chip thickness. It is found that the minimum undeformed chip thickness results in the unstable cutting process, the uneven peaks on cutting force signal, and the dense characteristic frequency distribution on frequency domain signal. The dominant ploughing effect induces the great specific cutting energy and the deteriorated surface roughness due to the minimum undeformed chip thickness.

Experimental Evaluation of Surface Roughness in Orthogonal Micro-Milling Processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 1912-1916
Author(s):  
Ji Hua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Material Grain Size

Surface roughness plays a critical role in evaluating and measuring the surface quality of a machined product. Two workpiece materials have been investigated by experimental approach in order to gain a better understanding of their influence on the obtained surface roughness in the micro-milling processes. The experimental results show that: surface topography is completely different for different materials at the same cutting speed and feed rate; surface roughness increases with an increase of material grain size. Surface roughness decreases to a lowest value, and then increases with an increase of the feed rate. A new surface model to illustrate the influence of material and uncut chip thickness was developed. The model has been experimentally validated and shows more promising results than Weule’s model.

The Effect of the Cutting Parameters on the Machined Surface Roughness

2017 ◽  
Vol 260 ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktors Gutakovskis ◽  
Eriks Gerins ◽  
Janis Rudzitis ◽  
Artis Kromanis
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Machined Surface Roughness

From the invention of turning machine or lathe, some engineers are trying to increase the turning productivity. The increase of productivity is following after the breakout in instrumental area, such as the hard alloy instrument and resistance to wear cutting surfaces. The potential of cutting speed has a certain limit. New steel marks and cutting surfaces types allow significantly increase cutting and turning speeds. For the most operation types the productivity increase begins from the feeding increase. But the increase of feeding goes together with machined surface result decreasement. Metal cutting with high feeding is one of the most actual problems in the increasing of manufacturing volume but there are some problems one of them is the cutting forces increasement and larger metal removal rate, which decrease the cutting tool life significantly. Increasing of manufacturing volume, going together with the cutting instrument technology and material evolution, such as the invention of the carbide cutting materials and wear resistant coatings such as TiC and Ti(C,N). Each of these coating have its own properties and functions in the metal cutting process. Together with this evolution the cutting tool geometry and machining parameters dependencies are researched. Traditionally for the decreasing the machining time of one part, the cutting parameters were increased, decreasing by this way the machining operation quantity. In our days the wear resistance of the cutting tools increasing and it is mostly used one or two machining operations (medium and fine finishing). The purpose of the topic is to represent the experimental results of the stainless steel turning process, using increased cutting speeds and feeding values, to develop advanced processing technology, using new modern coated cutting tools by CVD and PVD methods. After investigation of the machined surface roughness results, develop the mathematical model of the cutting process using higher values of the cutting parameters.

scholarly journals Material microstructure effects in micro-endmilling of Cu99.9E

2016 ◽  
Vol 232 (7) ◽  
pp. 1143-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Elkaseer ◽  
SS Dimov ◽  
DT Pham ◽  
KP Popov ◽  
L Olejnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Material Microstructure ◽  
Micro Cutting ◽  
Minimum Chip Thickness ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Material Homogeneity

This article presents an investigation of the machining response of metallurgically and mechanically modified materials at the micro-scale. Tests were conducted that involved micro-milling slots in coarse-grained Cu99.9E with an average grain size of 30 µm and ultrafine-grained Cu99.9E with an average grain size of 200 nm, produced by equal channel angular pressing. A new method based on atomic force microscope measurements is proposed for assessing the effects of material homogeneity changes on the minimum chip thickness required for a robust micro-cutting process with a minimum surface roughness. The investigation has shown that by refining the material microstructure the minimum chip thickness can be reduced and a high surface finish can be obtained. Also, it was concluded that material homogeneity improvements lead to a reduction in surface roughness and surface defects in micro-cutting.

scholarly journals Design and Optimization of Micromilling Cutting Tools

2018 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Ikhsan Siregar ◽  
Juri Bin Saedon ◽  
Mohd Shariman Adenan
Keyword(s):  
End Milling ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Maximum Principal Stress ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Micro Parts ◽  
Micro End Milling

With the trend towards miniaturization, micromachining become more and more important in fabricating micro parts. The micromachining process that involved in this study is micro milling. The focus of the study is on the comparison performance between various numbers of flutes (4-flutes, 6-flutes and 8-flutes) with various helix angle (25º,30º and 35º) in micro end milling tool geometry with the conventional micro end milling, 2-flutes micro end milling. Cemented carbide is the material that been used for this study. The main problem about the two flutes micro end milling is it easily wears in a short time. In this study, finite element analysis of the model using cantilever beam principle theory. The tools will be modelled and simulate using Abaqus/CAE 6.10. The tool performance of the designed tool will be evaluated by using the maximum principal stress, σ_max. According to the analysis, weakest geometry is 2-flutes micro end milling and the strongest is 8-flutes micro end milling. 8-flutes micro end milling can be the option to replace the conventional micro end milling.

A Study on Cutting Force in Micro End Milling with Ultrasonic Vibration

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1910-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Hui Shen ◽  
Jian Hua Zhang ◽  
Tian Jin Yin ◽  
Chun Jie Dong
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibration ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Normal Direction ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Short Service Life ◽  
Micro Parts ◽  
Micro End Milling ◽  
Cutting Effect

The applications of micro end milling have been gradually broadened to meet the ever-increasing demands for micro parts. In micro milling, premature tool failure and short service life are major problems. In this study, micro end milling with ultrasonic vibration in normal direction is investigated. Kinematical analysis is done to describe the exact trajectory of the tool tip when vibration is applied. Based on which, an analytical model of chip formation is proposed. By accurate calculation of instantaneous chip thickness, the cutting forces in micro end milling with and without ultrasonic vibration are predicted and verified by a slot-milling experiment. As a result, it is found that ultrasonic vibration in normal direction is helpful when reducing the cutting force owing to intermittent cutting effect.

scholarly journals Characterization and Modeling of Surface Roughness and Burr Formation in Slot Milling of Polycarbonate

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Adeniji ◽  
Julius Schoop ◽  
Shehan Gunawardena ◽  
Craig Hanson ◽  
Muhammad Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Burr Formation ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Thermoplastic Material

Thermoplastic materials hold great promise for next-generation engineered and sustainable plastics and composites. However, due to their thermoplastic nature and viscoplastic material response, it is difficult to predict the properties of surfaces generated by machining. This is especially problematic in micro-channel machining, where burr formation and excessive surface roughness lead to poor component-surface integrity. This study attempts to model the influence of size effects, which occur due to the finite sharpness of any cutting tool, on surface finish and burr formation during micro-milling of an important thermoplastic material, polycarbonate. Experimental results show that the depth of cut does not affect either surface finish or burr formation. A proposed new sideflow model shows the dominant effect of cutting-edge radius and feed rate on surface finish, while tool edge roughness, coating and feed rate have the most pronounced influence on burr formation. Overall, a good agreement between the experimental data and the proposed size effect model for the machining of thermoplastic material was found. Based on these results, tool geometry and process parameters may be optimized for improved surface integrity of machined thermoplastic components.

An experimental investigation of micro-milling brass considering run out by carbide micro-end mills

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (20) ◽  
pp. 3675-3684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiubing Jing ◽  
Yanling Tian ◽  
Yanjie Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Micro End Mill ◽  
End Mills

This paper presented the effect of run out on the experimental characteristic of micro-milling brass using carbide micro-end mills. A method of calculation and measurement for the run out of tool-holder-spindle assembly in micro-end mill was developed. A series of micro-milling process experiments were carried out under varying cutting parameters. The effect of run out on cutting forces, effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness, and size effect were analyzed. It was seen that the cutting force signature was seriously affected by run out in the micro-milling process. When the feed per tooth is less than the run out, the cutting force signals showed that only one cutter flute engaged in cutting process due to the effect of run out. It was also seen that the cutting force signature showed erratic variations due to the effect of tool–workpiece and the run out of tool tip at higher spindle speed. Surface roughness was affected by both cutting speed and feed per tooth. For lower cutting speed, there was increase in the surface roughness with the decrease in the cutting speed due to the effect of built-up edge. For higher cutting speed, there was increase in the surface roughness with the increase in the cutting speed due to dominance of the shearing effects. When the feed per tooth was less than the minimum chip thickness, due to the indentation and ploughing-dominated process, nonlinear increase of specific shear energy can be obtained. At lower feed per tooth, the specific energy increases with increased cutting speed. These results are used to provide strategies to optimize cutting parameters and achieve better surface quality in micro-milling brass process.

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