scholarly journals Oral Health and Diet in Populations of Central Argentina during the Late Holocene: Bioarchaeological and Isotopic Evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 818-835
Author(s):  
Mariana Fabra ◽  
Claudina V. González
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Temporal Differentiation ◽  
Dental Diseases

We studied the temporal and spatial variation of diet and oral health of human populations that inhabited the central region of Argentina during the Late Holocene (4000–300 BP) by evaluating isotopic data (δ13Ccol, δ15N), physiological stress indicators (tooth wear), and infectious dental diseases (caries). The sample of 49 individuals was recovered from archaeological sites located in the province of Córdoba, dated by AMS on collagen to a range of 4058 ± 89 years BP to 370 ± 15 14C years BP. After calculating the prevalence of caries and the average dental wear, we compared these values based on regional origin (central highlands and eastern lowlands), temporal assignation (early Late Holocene, late Late Holocene), and sex (female and male). We found clear regional and temporal differentiation, which we interpret as resulting from differential use of plant resources among the regions and a slight deterioration in oral health in the Late Holocene. Stable isotope analysis indicates food consumption of C3 and C4 resources, although the observed temporal variations in the isotopic values may indicate an introduction of C4 resources in the later Late Holocene, mainly in the mountainous region.

LATE HOLOCENE HYDROCLIMATE RECONSTRUCTION FROM LAKE CHICHOJ, GUATEMALA USING STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mortensen ◽  
◽  
Nathan D. Stansell ◽  
Byron A. Steinman ◽  
Gilles Y. Brocard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Isotope Analysis

scholarly journals Determinación del sexo a través de la métrica dental en cazadores recolectores de la transición pampeano-patagónica oriental / SEX DETERMINATION THROUGH DENTAL METRICS FOR HUNTER-GATHERER GROUPS FROM THE EASTERN PAMPA-PATAGONIAN TRANSITION

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Luna ◽  
Gustavo Flensborg
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Colorado River ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Dental Metrics ◽  
Sexual Information ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Sexual Determination ◽  
Del Rio

<p>El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la pertinencia de la métrica dental para obtener información sexual en individuos que habitaron el curso inferior del río Colorado durante el Holoceno tardío (ca. 3000-250 años AP), discutir el grado de dimorfismo sexual e identificar las variables cuantitativas de la dentición que permitan discriminar el sexo de nuevos individuos que se incluyan en futuros análisis. Se estudiaron las medidas máximas bucolinguales y mesiodistales del cuello de los dientes correspondientes a 26 individuos adultos. Las variables más dimórficas corresponden al diámetro bucolingual del canino superior y de ambos segundos molares; en estos casos, las diferencias entre los sexos son estadísticamente significativas. Los resultados obtenidos sobre el dimorfismo sexual se ubican en el extremo superior de los valores correspondientes a diferentes poblaciones humanas. Varios individuos que no contaban con información sexual a través de los métodos tradicionales pudieron ser clasificados desde la métrica dental, lo cual da cuenta del importante potencial de las medidas dentales para contribuir a las caracterizaciones paleodemográficas de conjuntos bioarqueológicos, especialmente en contextos perturbados y con escasa integridad esqueletal.</p><p>Palabras clave: métrica dental; determinación sexual; cazadores-recolectores; curso inferior del río Colorado; Holoceno tardío.</p><p>Abstract<br />The aim of this paper is to evaluate the relevance of dental metrics for obtaining sexual information in individuals who inhabited the lower basin of the Colorado River during the Late Holocene (ca. 3000-250 years BP), to discuss the degree of sexual dimorphism and to identify those quantitative variables adequate for sexual determination of new individuals to be included in future studies. The buccolingual and mesiodistal maximum neck diameters of 26 individual adults were studied. The most dimorphic variables correspond to the buccolingual diameter of the upper canine and both second molars; in these cases, sex differences are statistically significant. The results obtained about sexual dimorphism are located at the upper end of the range for different human populations. Several individuals who had no previous sexual information could be classified using these measurements, which accounts for the significant potential of dental metrics in palaeodemographic characterizations, especially in disturbed bioarchaeological samples.</p><p>Keywords: dental metrics; sexual determination; hunter-gatherers; lower basin of the Colorado River; Late Holocene.</p>

Effects of Ecological and Paleoecological Patterns on Subsistence and Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances B. King ◽  
Russell W. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Edge Effect ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variations ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Ecological Literature ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Abiotic Resources ◽  
Or Applications

Spatial and temporal variations in human populations are, to a large extent, determined by the environmentally controlled distribution of biotic and abiotic resources. While archaeologists generally recognize this relationship, many fail to fully appreciate the complexity of either the changing environment, the ecological literature, or applications of ecological data to archaeological problems. It is important to apply modern ecological principles to archaeological problems, but the novelty of the principle should not preclude the nature of the problem to be solved. For example, the concepts of ecotone and edge effect are still applicable to archaeological problems concerning biotic boundaries such as those between forest and grassland even though it may be more appropriate to use an individualistic approach in research designs concerned with diffuse environmental and biotic gradients.

Stable isotope analysis of dog, fox, and human diets at a Late Holocene Chumash village (CA-SRI-2) on Santa Rosa Island, California

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1385-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben C. Rick ◽  
Brendan J. Culleton ◽  
Carley B. Smith ◽  
John R. Johnson ◽  
Douglas J. Kennett
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Santa Rosa Island

scholarly journals Dental Infection and Resistance—Global Health Consequences

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mainul Haque ◽  
Massimo Sartelli ◽  
Seraj Haque
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Developed Nations

Antibiotics are widely used in dental caries and another dental related issues, both for therapeutic and prophylactic reasons. Unfortunately, in recent years the use of antibiotics has been accompanied by the rapid emergence antimicrobial resistance. Dental caries and periodontal diseases are historically known as the top oral health burden in both developing and developed nations affecting around 20–50% of the population of this planet and the uppermost reason for tooth loss. Dental surgeons and family practitioners frequently prescribed antimicrobials for their patients as outpatient care. Several studies reported that antibiotics are often irrationally- and overprescribed in dental diseases which is the basis of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this review is to evaluate the use of antibiotics in dental diseases. Almost certainly the promotion of primary oral health care (POHC) in primary health care program especially among the least and middle-income countries (LMIC) may be the answer to ensure and promote rational dental care.

scholarly journals Interfaces between bariatric surgery and oral health: a longitudinal survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Avansini Marsicano ◽  
Patrícia Garcia de Moura Grec ◽  
Lídia Barbieri Belarmino ◽  
Reginaldo Ceneviva ◽  
Sílvia Helena de Carvalho Sales Peres
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Dental Wear ◽  
Bariatric Patients ◽  
The Impact

PURPOSE: To evaluate oral changes, such as dental caries, periodontal disease, dental wear and salivary flow in bariatric patients. Fifty four obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery were studied before (n=54), up after 3 months (n=24) and 6 months (n=16). METHODS: Indices for evaluating oral conditions were: DMFT, CPI, DWI and salivary flow. OIDP questionnaire was used to assess the impact of oral health on quality of life. ANOVA and Spearman correlation were used (p<0.05). RESULTS: DMFT was 17.6±5.7, 18.4±4.1 and 18.3±5.5 (P>0.05), presence of periodontal pockets in 50%, 58% and 50% of patients (p>0.05), tooth wear in dentin present in 81.5%, 87.5% and 87.5% before, 3 and 6 months after surgical treatment respectively. There were differences between the three periods for prevalence and severity of dental wear (p = 0.012). Salivary flow was 0.8±0.5 ml/min before surgery, 0.9±0.5 ml/min for 3 months and 1.1±0.5m/min for 6 months (p>0.05). The impact of oral health on quality of life decreased with time after bariatric surgery (p= 0.029). CONCLUSION: The lifestyle changes after bariatric surgery and these changes may increase the severity of pre-existing dental problems. However, these alterations in oral health did not influence the quality of life.

Knowledge of Care Providers Regarding the Oral Health of Visually Impaired Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Bhandary ◽  
V Shetty ◽  
AM Hedge ◽  
K Rai
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
General Lack ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Visually Impaired Children ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Objective: To assess the awareness of care providers of visually impaired children regarding their oral hygiene. Method: A simple pre-structured questionnaire was given to the care providers and the awareness regarding their oral health was assessed. Results: There was a general lack of awareness among the care providers of these children regarding dental diseases and its prevention. Furthermore, the importance of oral hygiene was found to be very low. Conclusion: The results obtained showed that most of the caretakers were unaware of the difficulties faced by these children in the maintenance of their oral health.

Phytolith and Carbon Isotope Evidence for Late Quaternary Vegetation and Climate Change in the Southern Black Hills, South Dakota

1997 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen G. Fredlund ◽  
Larry L. Tieszen
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Soil Development ◽  
Black Hills ◽  
Isotope Evidence ◽  
Mixed Grasslands ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

Analyses of phytoliths and carbon isotopes document change in late Quaternary grasslands in the Red Valley of the southern Black Hills. Late Pleistocene grassland composition was equivalent to the C3grass parklands of modern central Alberta. The rise of mixed grassland occurred rapidly between 11,000 and 9000 yr B.P. Early Holocene mixed grasslands included both short and tall C4grasses. A mid-Holocene erosional unconformity (ca. 8000 to 4500 yr B.P.) precludes phytolith or isotope analysis, but suggests lack of vegetation and landscape denudation caused by a drier climatic. Basin-wide stability and soil development followed the erosional episode (ca. 4500 to 3600 yr B.P.). Mesic-adapted C4panicoid grasses increased during this period of soil development. Low-magnitude fluctuation in the C4-dominated mixed grassland occurred throughout the late Holocene (3600 yr B.P. to present). Rise in δ13C values during the last 1000 yr without corresponding change in phytoliths may indicate a decrease in woodlands caused by increased fire frequency.

Oral health-related quality of life in patients with tooth wear

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Papagianni ◽  
M. J. van der Meulen ◽  
M. Naeije ◽  
F. Lobbezoo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related
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