Effects of syllable name change on pitch comparison

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology ◽

10.1017/prp.2019.25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Zhiqiao Wang ◽

Qingfen Hu

Keyword(s):

Present Experiment ◽

Distance Effect ◽

Sequence Effect ◽

Sequential Order ◽

Name Change ◽

Response Location ◽

Pitch Change ◽

Cultural Activities ◽

Sequential Nature

Abstract Previous research has found that musicians’ pitch judgments, unlike non-musicians’, are influenced by syllable names. Although non-musicians fail to identify absolute pitches, they acknowledge the direction of pitch change. The present experiment investigated whether non-musicians’ judgments of pitch change can be influenced by the direction of syllable name change. Moreover, we examined the spatial, magnitudinal and sequential nature of pitches and syllable names. Participants (N = 33) were asked to hear two successive tones sung by syllable name and to judge the direction of pitch change by pressing vertically arranged buttons. Participants’ accuracy of pitch change judging was found to be influenced by the direction of syllable name change. However, the response location was not found to interact with pitch change or syllable name change. The distance effect was found in pitches but not in syllable names. A sequence effect was found that trials with early-in-sequence syllable names were responded faster than trials with late-in-sequence syllable names. These results suggest that syllable names can influence non-musicians’ pitch judgments in a relative context. We suggest that it is the sequential order of syllable names that is the product of cultural activities that interfere with the judgment of pitch change.

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DARI RUWAT LAUT MENJADI SYUKURAN LAUT: STRATEGI MEMPERTAHANKAN KELANGSUNGAN TRADISI MASYARAKAT NELAYAN PULAU JAWA DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN

Patanjala Jurnal Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya ◽

10.30959/patanjala.v12i2.644 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 293

Author(s):

Irvan Setiawan

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Approach ◽

Colonial Era ◽

Name Change ◽

Cultural Activities ◽

Puppet Show ◽

Perceptual Difference ◽

Descriptive Method

Masyarakat nelayan di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan sebagian besar berasal dari tanah Jawa yang datang ke Lampung dengan berbagai cara. Salah satunya melalui program transmigrasi yang dilakukan sejak zaman penjajahan. Selain melakukan aktivitas sebagai nelayan, aktivitas budaya juga menjadi bagian dari kehidupan masyarakat nelayan tersebut, salah satunya adalah Ruwat Laut. Setelah dilaksanakan selama bertahun-tahun, Ruwat Laut berganti nama menjadi Syukuran Laut. Perubahan nama tersebut menjadi hal menarik untuk diteliti. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah bahwa pergantian nama dari Ruwat Laut menjadi Syukuran Laut disebabkan kekurangan dana dan perbedaan persepsi antara adat masyarakat dari tanah Jawa dengan adat masyarakat Lampung. Syukuran Laut dilakukan dengan meniadakan tahapan tradisi yang dianggap menjadi penyebab Ruwat Laut tidak terlaksana, yaitu pelarungan kepala kerbau, pertunjukan wayang golek, dan berbagai jenis kegiatan yang membutuhkan dana cukup besar.The fishermen communities in South Lampung Regency were once mostly the Javanese who migrated to settle in Lampung in various ways. One of those was through the transmigration program since the colonial era. It was one rewarding way in which many of those have migrated since the era. In addition to doing their activities as the fishermen, they have also carried on their cultural activities as a part of their fishermen life community, that is, Ruwat Laut. After being carried out for years, Ruwat Laut was renamed Syukuran Laut. The name change is interesting for a research. The study was conducted by using a descriptive method with qualitative approach. The studies reveal that the change name was due to lack of funding and perceptual difference between customs of Java and customs of Lampung. Syukuran Laut is carried out without those traditions that once prevented Ruwat Laut, namely buffalo head offering, puppet show, and various types of activities with substantial funds.

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Two-digit Comparison

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169.52.3.195 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 195-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Tom Verguts ◽

Wendy De Moor

Keyword(s):

Present Experiment ◽

Numerical Cognition ◽

Distance Effect ◽

The Other ◽

Numerical Comparison ◽

Other Hand ◽

Holistic Process

Abstract. We investigate whether two-digit numbers are decomposed for purposes of numerical comparison (e.g., choosing the larger one). Earlier theorists concluded that numbers are processed holistically ( Brysbaert, 1995 ; Dehaene, Dupoux, & Mehler, 1990 ), or that holistic and decomposed processes operate in parallel ( Nuerk, Weger, & Willmes, 2001 ). In the present experiment, we presented pairs of two-digit numbers with a decade distance of either zero (e.g., 54-57) or one (54-61). If a holistic process contributes to two-digit comparison, there should be an overall distance effect for number pairs with a decade distance of one. On the other hand, if numbers are decomposed and a holistic comparison does not contribute, this overall distance effect should be absent for these number pairs. Evidence is found that, at least in the present task settings, numbers are not compared holistically. The results are interpreted in terms of a recently proposed theory of numerical cognition ( Verguts & Fias, 2004 ; Verguts, Fias, & Stevens, 2005) .

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Effect of Emotions in a Lexical Decision Task

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024/1421-0185/a000193 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 71-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hélène Maire ◽

Renaud Brochard ◽

Jean-Luc Kop ◽

Vivien Dioux ◽

Daniel Zagar

Keyword(s):

Lexical Decision ◽

Lexical Decision Task ◽

Emotional State ◽

Control Group ◽

Decision Task ◽

Attentional Orienting ◽

Emotional States ◽

Sequence Effect ◽

Emotion Induction ◽

Before And After

Abstract. This study measured the effect of emotional states on lexical decision task performance and investigated which underlying components (physiological, attentional orienting, executive, lexical, and/or strategic) are affected. We did this by assessing participants’ performance on a lexical decision task, which they completed before and after an emotional state induction task. The sequence effect, usually produced when participants repeat a task, was significantly smaller in participants who had received one of the three emotion inductions (happiness, sadness, embarrassment) than in control group participants (neutral induction). Using the diffusion model ( Ratcliff, 1978 ) to resolve the data into meaningful parameters that correspond to specific psychological components, we found that emotion induction only modulated the parameter reflecting the physiological and/or attentional orienting components, whereas the executive, lexical, and strategic components were not altered. These results suggest that emotional states have an impact on the low-level mechanisms underlying mental chronometric tasks.

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Personal Goals of Older Female Twins

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040.14.2.160 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 160-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Katariina Salmela-Aro ◽

Sanna Read ◽

Jari-Erik Nurmi ◽

Markku Koskenvuo ◽

Jaakko Kaprio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Independent Living ◽

Environmental Effect ◽

Close Relationships ◽

Environmental Influence ◽

Genetic Effect ◽

Additive Genetic Effect ◽

Personal Goals ◽

Cultural Activities ◽

The Individual

This study examined genetic and environmental influences on older women’s personal goals by using data from the Finnish Twin Study on Aging. The interview for the personal goals was completed by 67 monozygotic (MZ) pairs and 75 dizygotic (DZ) pairs. The tetrachoric correlations for personal goals related to health and functioning, close relationships, and independent living were higher in MZ than DZ twins, indicating possible genetic influence. The pattern of tetrachoric correlations for personal goals related to cultural activities, care of others, and physical exercise indicated environmental influence. For goals concerning health and functioning, independent living, and close relationships, additive genetic effect accounted for about half of the individual variation. The rest was the result of a unique environmental effect. Goals concerning physical exercise and care of others showed moderate common environmental effect, while the rest of the variance was the result of a unique environmental effect. Personal goals concerning cultural activities showed unique environmental effects only.

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